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Epigenetic Regulating Techniques Linked to Advanced of Fibroblast Development Element Twenty one inside Obese Subject matter.
Kinking at the point of emergence of the hair shaft was a new sign in this study seen at the periphery of the patches in 19 patients. It is the latest finding which requires further elaboration with larger sample size studies.Context Premature canities etiopathogenesis is unclear, and approach to its therapy remains arbitrary. Reactive oxygen species generated during melanin biosynthesis in anagen hair bulb have been implicated in melanocyte apoptosis and hair graying. Extraneous factors, namely environmental pollution, stressful lifestyle, may compound the melanogenesis-induced endogenous oxidative stress. Aims We aimed to investigate the role of systemic oxidative stress in causation of premature canities and its correlation with the severity of hair graying. Settings and design This was a tertiary care hospital-based cross-sectional study. Materials and methods Consecutive 50 patients with premature hair graying, aged less then 25 years, and 30 age and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Severity of premature canities was graded based on the total number of gray hair on the scalp. Redox status was evaluated in cases and controls, by malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (rGSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) measurement in serum, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum MDA concentration, an oxidative stress marker, was significantly higher (P less then 0.01), while serum rGSH and SOD levels, both indicators of antioxidant potential, were significantly lower (P less then 0.0001 and P less then 0.01 respectively) in premature canities patients compared to controls. A novel observation was the significant correlation of serum MDA rise and serum rGSH decline with increasing severity of hair graying (P less then 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). Conclusion Systemic redox imbalance is present in premature canities patients, with the severity of hair graying varying in parallel to the degree of oxidative stress. Antioxidants supplementation is likely to yield therapeutic benefit in premature canities.Aim The aim of this study is to propose a new quantification protocol for determining the change in hair properties on weathering and formulate hair damage protection metric to compare different hair care products. Subjects and methods The study was conducted with 30 participants (nonhair oil users), wherein hair samples were collected and evaluated for (a) average cross-section and mean diameter at different sections of strand and (b) breakage point location on hair extension. Correlation between breakage point and hair mean diameter as function of length was studied. Inferences were extrapolated to characterize the quality of hair samples in (a) another matched group of 30 participants (coconut oil users) and (b) studies on hair swatches with different hair treatments. Results In accordance with the weakest link theory, on extension hair fractured at the section where average mean diameter (or cross section) is the smallest (correlation R2 = 0.86). The weakest link in hair fiber is connected with irregulariamage.Context Although etiopathogenesis of frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is not fully discovered, it seems that hormonal factors play a role. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the serum level of sex hormones in patients with FFA compared to a control group. Settings and design This was a case-control study. Subjects and methods All patients who referred to the Dermatology Clinic of Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, between 2013 and 2018 and were pathologically and clinically diagnosed with FFA were considered as the case group. The control group was selected from community people who did not have alopecia, and each was matched with its counterpart in the case group in terms of gender, age, and menstrual status. Both the groups were evaluated for serum level of sex hormones. Statistical analysis used SPSS software version 23 was used in this study. Results Of 20 patients, who were all female, 8 were postmenopausal and 12 were cyclic. There was no significant difference between sex hormone levels of the case and control groups regardless of their menstrual statuses. Similarly, there was no significant difference between hormonal levels in postmenopausal women of both the groups. However, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was significantly lower in the case group cyclic women. Moreover, postmenopausal patients with premenopausal onset of FFA had lower levels of FSH and luteinizing hormone than those with postmenopausal onset. Free testosterone correlated inversely with duration of FFA. Conclusions It seems that the pathogenesis of FFA is not associated directly with serum concentrations of sex hormones. Therefore, future studies are recommended to investigate possible tissue mechanisms of hormonal factors involved in its pathogenesis.Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally and placed healthcare systems under substantial strain. Hip fracture patients represent a high-risk population for severe COVID-19 symptoms, as they are generally older with multiple medical comorbidities. There has been limited information available on the presenting characteristics and outcomes of COVID-positive patients with hip fractures who undergo surgical treatment. Methods This was a retrospective study of 10 patients ≥60 years of age with a hip fracture and COVID-19 who underwent surgical treatment in New York City during the COVID-19 outbreak from March 1, 2020 to May 22, 2020. Clinical characteristics and early postoperative outcomes were reported. Results Eight out of the 10 COVID-positive hip fracture patients in our series were asymptomatic on admission with no clinical signs or symptoms of COVID-19 infection. selleck compound Only 2 patients presented with hypoxia. All 10 patients underwent surgery within 2 days of admission. Five out of the 10 patients - including the patients who presented with hypoxia - subsequently required supplemental oxygen postoperatively. Two patients had persistently elevated oxygen demands requiring prolonged administration of supplemental oxygen therapy beyond postoperative day 3. None of the patients were put on mechanical ventilation. One patient had a presumed venous thromboembolism postoperatively and subsequently died on postoperative day 19, likely due to respiratory failure. There were no other deaths in the early postoperative period. The average length of inpatient stay was 7.8 days. Conclusions Our findings suggest that hip fracture patients who present with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 infection may have temporarily increased oxygen demands postoperatively, but they can safely undergo early surgical intervention after appropriate medical optimization.
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