Notes

Rising simulator engineering throughout international craniofacial surgical education.
A higher Lund-Mackay (LM) computed tomography score (
=0.023) and older age (
=0.018) were significantly associated with decreased disease resolution. No other factors were significantly associated with the use of endoscopic sinus surgery within one year of otolaryngology presentation or resolution of CRS in this cohort.

The risk of developing CRS-related intraorbital or intracranial complications in this immunecompromised patient cohort may be lower than originally thought. For liver- and kidney-recipients stable on immunosuppressive medication for many years, prognostic factors for CRS may mirror those for immunocompetent patients.
The risk of developing CRS-related intraorbital or intracranial complications in this immunecompromised patient cohort may be lower than originally thought. For liver- and kidney-recipients stable on immunosuppressive medication for many years, prognostic factors for CRS may mirror those for immunocompetent patients.
For the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in adults, mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are often used. Since adults with a prognathic mandibular phenotype are at risk of developing an unfavorable facial profile, midfacial development using biomimetic oral appliance therapy might provide a suitable alternative. However, the effect of this procedure on the maxillary air sinuses is unknown; therefore, changes in sinus pneumatization were investigated in this study.

After obtaining informed consent, 16 consecutive Korean adults with midfacial hypoplasia had 3D cone-beam (CB) CT scans taken, and biomimetic upper appliances (DNA appliance®, Vivos Therapeutics, Inc., USA) were constructed.All subjects were instructed to wear the device 12-16h/day. Each month, examination for the progress of midfacial development was recorded. Post-treatment, a follow-up 3D CBCT scan was undertaken with no device in the patient's mouth. Pre- and post-treatment linear and volumetric measurements were obtained using appropriate software, and compared statistically using
-tests.

The mean age of the sample was 25.0 yrs ± 8.7. The mean treatment time was 15.5 mths ± 5.2. Post-treatment, the transpalatal bone width increased from 35.3 mm ± 3.0 to 38.5 mm ± 2.0 (
< 0.001); the maxillary air sinus volume on the left side increased from 18.8 cm
± 6.5 to 20.0 cm
± 6.0 (
< 0.05), and from 18.5 cm
± 5.7 to 19.7 cm
± 5.8 (
< 0.05) on the right side.

Biomimetic oral appliance therapy may be able to increase the maxillary air sinus volume in adults. In view of these preliminary findings, further studies on the effect of enhanced pneumatization on paranasal sinus function and sleep parameters are warranted.
Biomimetic oral appliance therapy may be able to increase the maxillary air sinus volume in adults. In view of these preliminary findings, further studies on the effect of enhanced pneumatization on paranasal sinus function and sleep parameters are warranted.
Scoping review of published literature to establish clinical characteristics and audiologic outcomes in patients diagnosed with Susac's Syndrome(SS) who have undergone cochlear implantation (CI).

All published studies of CI in SS and contribution of two of our own patients who have not been reported previously.

A comprehensive search of MEDLINE (via PubMed) was carried out in March 2020 using the following keywords and related entry terms Susac's Syndrome, Cochlear Implantation.

Our search identified a total of five case reports of CI in SS. With the addition of our two patients reported here, we analyzed characteristics and outcomes in seven patients. Mean age at implantation was 30 years old (range 19-46), with six women and one man implanted. Mean time from onset of hearing loss to implantation was 17 months (range three months to four years). Best reported postoperative speech understanding was reported via different metrics, with six of seven patients achieving open set speech scores of 90% or better, and one subject performing at 68%. Vestibular symptoms were present preoperatively in four of seven patients (57%), with vestibular testing reported in two patients, and showing vestibulopathy in one patient. No complications were reported following cochlear implantation.

Cochlear implantation is a viable option for hearing rehabilitation in patients with SS, with levels of attainment of open set speech comparable to other populations of CI candidates.
Cochlear implantation is a viable option for hearing rehabilitation in patients with SS, with levels of attainment of open set speech comparable to other populations of CI candidates.
To provide an overview of the current available music assessment tools after cochlear implantation (CI); to report on the utilization of music assessments in the literature; to propose potential future directions in music assessment after CI.

A thorough search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library through October 31, 2020. MeSH search terms, keywords, and phrases included "cochlear implant," "cochlear prosthesis," "auditory prosthesis," "music," "music assessment," "music questionnaire," "music perception," "music enjoyment, and "music experience." Potentially relevant studies were reviewed for inclusion, with particular focus on assessments developed specifically for the cochlear implant population and intended for widespread use.

Six hundred and forty-three studies were screened for relevance to assessment of music experience among cochlear implantees. selleck chemical Eighty-one studies ultimately met criteria for inclusion. There are multiple validated tools for assessment of music experience afttly differing insights into the patients' subjective and/or objective post-activation experience. However, no single assessment tool has been adopted into widespread use and thus, much of the literature pertaining to this topic evaluates outcomes non-uniformly, including single-use assessments designed specifically for the study at hand. The lack of a widely accepted universal tool for assessment of music limits our collective understanding the contributory and mitigating factors applicable to current music experience of cochlear implantees, and limits our ability to uniformly evaluate the success of new implant technologies or music training paradigms.
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