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C, C++, Java e Javascript - Tipos de Dados Primitivos
==================================================================================================================================================
1) Descrição
...
2) Tabela comparativa
C,C++,Java,Javascript
-,bool (1 byte),boolean (1 bit),*
char (1 byte / -128 a 127),char (1 byte / -128 a 127),char (2 bytes / ...),*
-,-,byte (1 byte / -128 a 127),*
short(2 bytes / -2^15 a 2^15-1),short (2 bytes / -2^15 a 2^15-1),short (2 bytes / -2^15 a 2^15-1),*
int (4 bytes / -2^31 a 2^31-1),int (4 bytes / -2^31 a 2^31-1),int (4 bytes / -2^31 a 2^31-1),*
long (8 bytes / ...),long (8 bytes / -2^63 a 2^63-1),long (8 bytes / -2^63 a 2^63-1),*
float (4 bytes / ...),float (4 bytes / 1.17549e-38 to 3.40282e+38),float (4 bytes / 1.4E-45 to 3.4028235E38),*
double (8 bytes / ...),double (8 bytes / 2.22507e-308 to 1.79769e+308),double (8 bytes / 4.9E-324 to 1.7976931348623157E308),*
* Javascript é uma linguagem não tipada. O tipo de dados é definido no momento da atribuição do valor para a variável.
3) Exemplos
3.1) Descobrindo o tamanho e a faixa de valores dos tipos primitivos através de linhas de código.
C
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <float.h>
int main()
{
printf("char...: %d bytes, %d to %dn", sizeof(char), SCHAR_MIN, SCHAR_MAX);
printf("short..: %d bytes, %d to %dn", sizeof(short), SHRT_MIN, SHRT_MAX);
printf("int....: %d bytes, %d to %dn", sizeof(int), INT_MIN, INT_MAX);
printf("long...: %d bytes, %d to %dn", sizeof(long), LONG_MIN, LONG_MAX);
printf("float..: %d bytes, %d to %dn", sizeof(float), FLT_MIN, FLT_MAX);
printf("double.: %d bytes, %d to %dn", sizeof(double), DBL_MIN, DBL_MAX);
return 0;
}
C++
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "short..: " << sizeof(short) << " bytes, " << numeric_limits<short>::min() << " to " << numeric_limits<short>::max() << endl;
cout << "int....: " << sizeof(int) << " bytes, " << numeric_limits<int>::min() << " to " << numeric_limits<int>::max() << endl;
cout << "long...: " << sizeof(long) << " bytes, " << numeric_limits<long>::min() << " to " << numeric_limits<long>::max() << endl;
cout << "float..: " << sizeof(float) << " bytes, " << numeric_limits<float>::min() << " to " << numeric_limits<float>::max() << endl;
cout << "double.: " << sizeof(double) << " bytes, " << numeric_limits<double>::min() << " to " << numeric_limits<double>::max() << endl;
return 0;
}
Java
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
public class VariaveisTiposDados
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
System.out.println("char...: " + (Character.SIZE/8) + " bytes, " + Character.MIN_VALUE + " to " + Character.MAX_VALUE);
System.out.println("byte...: " + (Byte.SIZE/8) + " bytes, " + Byte.MIN_VALUE + " to " + Byte.MAX_VALUE);
System.out.println("short..: " + (Short.SIZE/8) + " bytes, " + Short.MIN_VALUE + " to " + Short.MAX_VALUE);
System.out.println("int....: " + (Integer.SIZE/8) + " bytes, " + Integer.MIN_VALUE + " to " + Integer.MAX_VALUE);
System.out.println("long...: " + (Long.SIZE/8) + " bytes, " + Long.MIN_VALUE + " to " + Long.MAX_VALUE);
System.out.println("float..: " + (Float.SIZE/8) + " bytes, " + Float.MIN_VALUE + " to " + Float.MAX_VALUE);
System.out.println("double.: " + (Double.SIZE/8) + " bytes, " + Double.MIN_VALUE + " to " + Double.MAX_VALUE);
}
}
Javascript
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<html>
<body>
<script>
document.write("number.: " + Number.MIN_VALUE + " to " + Number.MAX_VALUE + "<br/>");
</script>
</body>
</html>
3.2) Descobrindo o tipo de dados de uma determinada variável através de linhas de código.
C
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Não é possível
C++
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
bool varBool;
char varChar;
short varShort;
int varInt;
long varLong;
float varFloat;
double varDouble;
cout << "varBool is of type: " << typeid(varBool).name() << endl;
cout << "varChar is of type: " << typeid(varChar).name() << endl;
cout << "varShort is of type: " << typeid(varShort).name() << endl;
cout << "varInt is of type: " << typeid(varInt).name() << endl;
cout << "varLong is of type: " << typeid(varLong).name() << endl;
cout << "varFloat is of type: " << typeid(varFloat).name() << endl;
cout << "varDouble is of type: " << typeid(varDouble).name() << endl;
return 0;
}
Java
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Não é possível
Javascript
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<html>
<body>
<script>
var varBooleana = true;
var varNumInteiro = 1972;
var varNumDecimal = 3.141592;
var varString = "Javascript";
document.write("varBooleana = true" + "<br/>");
document.write("varNumInteiro = 1972" + "<br/>");
document.write("varNumDecimal = 3.141592" + "<br/>");
document.write("varString = Javascript" + "<br/>");
document.write("<br/>");
document.write("Tipo da variavel 'varBooleana' é " + typeof(varBooleana) + "<br/>");
document.write("Tipo da variavel 'varNumInteiro' é " + typeof(varNumInteiro) + "<br/>");
document.write("Tipo da variavel 'varNumDecimal' é " + typeof(varNumDecimal) + "<br/>");
document.write("Tipo da variavel 'varString' é " + typeof(varString) + "<br/>");
</script>
</body>
</html>
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