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Phylum
Class
order
family
genera
species
Commensalism +n
mutualism ++
parasitism +-
niche describes the role of an organism within the ecosystem
Variation within a species is called variability. (snail)
Natural selection is the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring (Charles Darwin)
discrete yes or no. continuous has a range
AS. binary fission, budding, spore production.
Cross-fertilization occurs when a grain of this pollen produces a long tube that eventually grows down the style into the ovary that contains the ovules
ASR. faster, requires one parent, can produce many in a short amount of time. The main disadvantage of asexual reproduction is that if conditions become unfavourable, the entire population may be wiped out.
SR. lots of variation, but also requires a lot of energy, can't produce as much as fast.
GC-AT. guanine, cytosine, adenine, and thiamine
A single gene is an uninterrupted segment of DNA
• Genes are located on the chromosomes.
• Each chromosome contains numerous gene locations.
• Like chromosomes, genes come in pairs.
• The DNA code may not be exactly the same in both locations.
Gene pair called an allele
causes of extinction and extirpation
• catastrophic events such as volcanic eruptions, floods, or fires
• lack of food due to overpopulation
•disease
• overspecialization
•overhunting
•habitat destruction
• introduction of non-native species
4 ways to protect biodiversity
protected areas
restoration of ecosystems and species
controlling the spread of exotic species
conservation of genetic resources
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