Notes

1. WHO WERE MARY BETH TINKER, JOHN TINKER, AND CHRISTOPHER ECKHART?
Mary Beth and John tinker were part of a High School protest group who wore black armbands to protest the Vietnam war. Soon the school began suspending children who wore these arm bands and the two students along with C. Eckhart filed a complaint arguing their claims to free speech under the first amendment. This case became famous due to the questioning of constitutional values in the education system and certain settings.
2. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes:
Supreme Court Justice. Referred to the first amendment as "freedom for the thought that we hate"
3. Justice Abe Fortas:
Supreme Court Justice Abe Fortas wrote the opinion of the majority concerning the Tinker v. Des Moines case. He wrote that do to the constitutional backing that the display of these armbands was alright as long as it didn't appear offensive.
4. Justice Hugo Black:
Argued against wearing arm bands in the education system.
5. Bill of rights:
or the first ten amendments.
6. First Amendment:
The "hallmark" of the bill of rights. In other words, it defines the right to speak freely without involvement of congress.
7. "Tinker Standard:"
Students have the right of free speech as long as it doesn't disrupt class or cause arguments
8. Confederate flag:
Is a historical reference that some see as a memento to their heritage whileo thers see it as a sign that you are part of a white-supremacists or pro-slavery group.