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Mesothelioma Cancer
Mesothelioma is a cancer caused by exposure to asbestos. Inhaling asbestos fibers can cause pleural tumors, and swallowing asbestos can cause peritoneal cancer.
The symptoms may be similar to those of less serious diseases and can take anywhere from 10 to 50 years before they appear. Symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain and abdominal distress.
Risk Factors
Asbestos fibres can cause mesothelioma. The most common mesothelioma type is called pleural mesothelioma, which forms in the lining of the chest cavity and lungs. Mesothelioma may also grow in the peritoneum (the membrane that surrounds the heart) or in the pericardium. It takes between 20-50 years for the cancer to form and show symptoms, which can often be confused with flu-like illnesses. Mesothelioma is most common in people over the age of 50 and is more common in males than females.
The main risk factor for mesothelioma is exposure asbestos. Asbestos, a natural mineral composed of tiny fibres, was employed as a building material, like in walls and ceilings. It is impervious to fire and heat. It was also used in the manufacture of products like pipes insulation, shingles, and cement. Mesothelioma is an extremely serious illness for those who work in industries that use asbestos, such as mining, shipbuilding, or construction. However, even those who only had secondary exposure, such as family members who brought home asbestos on their clothes and skin, are at risk.
A small percentage (less than 5percent) of mesothelioma is due to mutations in the BAP1 gene. This genetic change can increase the risk of developing mesothelioma among those who have been exposed to asbestos.
The age of the patient is also an important risk factor. Mesothelioma is most often found in people over the age of 45 and two-thirds of those diagnosed are 65 or older. This is largely due to the long latency period associated with asbestos exposure, but it may also be because the disease tends to impact older patients who have experienced more extensive and prolonged exposure to the cancer-causing material.
Mesothelioma is more prevalent in white males than women or those belonging to any other race. This is because historically, white men were more likely to work in occupations that put them at greater risk of asbestos exposure than other groups. Mesothelioma is most often afflicted by those who were exposed asbestos prior to the 1980s, when more stringent regulations were in place.
Symptoms
Mesothelioma, a cancer caused by asbestos, occurs in the linings that protect many organs. The cancerous tumors can cause extreme pain and can damage the tissues. The malignancy could spread to other parts through the bloodstream or lymphatic system.
The symptoms of mesothelioma may be similar to those of other illnesses such as influenza or pneumonia. They can take up to 50 years after asbestos exposure before they show symptoms. This time of latency makes it difficult to recognize mesothelioma early. Additionally, the symptoms can be misinterpreted as other diseases.
In most cases, the malignant tumors start in the lungs and chest cavity (pleura). Mesothelioma may also develop in the linings that surround the abdomen and heart. In rare cases, it can affect the lining of the heart or the testes.
Asbestos is a class of minerals that create long, thin fibers. These fibers are strong enough that they aren't broken down by chemicals, water or bacteria. These materials were used widely in various construction and household products for decades before scientists understood how dangerous they were to health.
The majority of patients with mesothelioma were exposed to the material in the workplace or at home, and the majority of those who were exposed were employed in the US Navy and the air force, the shipbuilding industry or construction. It is more prevalent in men than women and veterans comprise about 30% of mesothelioma cases.
When mesothelioma develops doctors can detect it with imaging scans and medical tests. These include X rays, CT scanners, MRIs, and PET scans. The doctor can also send a sample of tissue to a lab for testing.
The results can aid in determining the type and stage of mesothelioma, which impacts the prognosis and treatment options. Most types of mesothelioma are epithelioid or sarcomatoid, and between 10 and 15% are biphasic or mixed. Epithelioid cancers are less aggressive and usually has the highest survival rate. Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma is harder to detect and has a less favorable prognosis.
Diagnosis
Mesothelioma is difficult to diagnose particularly in its early stages. Patients should first visit their primary physician if they are experiencing any symptoms like chest pain or coughing. The doctor will utilize a stethoscope to listen to the patient breathing and take note of their health history and work history. This includes any asbestos exposure background, which is essential in determining mesothelioma's diagnosis.
Doctors must rule out any other diseases before they can make the diagnosis since mesothelioma symptoms are like those of other diseases. Cancer can infect the lungs of a patient from other body parts like the abdomen or chest. Asbestos-related lung diseases, including pneumonia, are very common among asbestos-related victims. Pleural mesothelioma can be confused with other respiratory diseases.
Blood tests, imaging tests and biopsy can all be used to diagnose mesothelioma. These tests help doctors locate the area of the cancer, which is typically in the lungs, but may also be located in the stomach or testicles. The tests will also help doctors determine the extent of the cancer is spreading throughout the body.
A CT scan or MRI may reveal signs of mesothelioma like calcium deposits in the pleura (known as plaque) and the accumulation of fluid between the lungs and chest wall. These tests can also reveal whether a person's lungs are more pronounced on one side or the other.
In many cases a biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis of mesothelioma. This procedure involves taking small quantities of tissue and testing them in the lab for mesothelioma.
Certain patients may require additional tests, like FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) which allows doctors to see how the tumor is affecting blood supply to the lungs; mediastinoscopy, which permits doctors to examine and sample lymph nodes in the center of the chest and endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS), which uses sound waves to look at the lungs and mesothelium. Mesothelioma is a rare cancer, and doctors are still learning how to treat it effectively. Patients who have been diagnosed with cancer should be aware of their options and determine the best treatment for them.
Treatment
Mesothelioma can affect the linings of the lungs, abdomen (peritoneal cancer) or the heart (pericardial cancer). Symptoms usually do not appear for several decades following exposure to asbestos. fairfield asbestos attorney is important that people who have been exposed to asbestos get checked if they experience unusual symptoms.
A doctor will collect an examination of the medical history to check for mesothelioma risk factors such as how long and how intensely the patient was exposed to asbestos. The doctor will also perform an exam to look for mesothelioma-related signs, like the accumulation of fluid in the chest cavity. Mesothelioma can be classified based on the type of cells that grow in the mesothelium, and the site where these cells are. Epithelioid mesothelioma is the most common type of to 80% of mesothelioma. Other types of mesothelioma are biphasic and sarcomatoid mesothelioma that account for 10% to 15% of mesothelioma cases.
There are a myriad of treatments available to people suffering from mesothelioma. The type of treatment you choose depends on the type of mesothelioma as well as the stage of the disease.
In certain cases, mesothelioma is treated using chemotherapy or radiation. During these treatments doctors use powerful cancer-fighting medications or special equipment to eliminate tumors. This decreases the likelihood of mesothelioma coming back.
Other mesothelioma types are treated through surgery that removes part of the lining from the affected organ. This can also help relieve symptoms such as breathing problems.
A person suffering from pleural asbestosis may undergo a procedure referred to as VATS. This involves inserting a camera into lungs and removing a part of the lung and pleura. This procedure can alleviate breathlessness due to fluid buildup in the lung. However, it can not treat mesothelioma.
Other treatment options could include support and management of pain. It is essential that patients with mesothelioma get as much information about the disease as they can and the best way to manage it. The more informed they are and the more they are able to prepare for a future that includes a variety of health and wellness activities.
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