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The Dangers of Exposure to Asbestos
Before it was banned asbestos was used in thousands commercial products. According research, exposure to asbestos can cause cancer as well as other health issues.
It is impossible to tell just by looking at something if it's made of asbestos. Also, you cannot smell or taste it. It is only visible when the asbestos-containing materials are drilled, chipped or broken.
Chrysotile
At its peak, chrysotile made up for 95% of the asbestos made. It was used in many industries like construction insulation, fireproofing, and insulation. If workers are exposed to asbestos, they can develop mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases. Since the 1960s, when mesothelioma was first becoming a problem, the use of asbestos has been reduced significantly. It is still present in a variety of products we use in the present.
Chrysotile can be safely used if a thorough safety and handling plan is put in place. It has been proven that, at the present controlled exposure levels, there is no danger to the people who handle it. Inhaling airborne fibres has been strongly associated with lung fibrosis and lung cancer. This has been confirmed for both the intensity (dose) and time span of exposure.
In one study mortality rates were compared between a facility which used largely chlorosotile to make friction materials and national death rates. The study found that, after 40 years of manufacturing low levels of chrysotile, there was no significant increase in mortality rates at this facility.
Chrysotile fibres are typically shorter than other types of asbestos. They can penetrate the lungs and pass into the bloodstream. This makes them more prone to cause negative effects than longer fibres.
It is very difficult for chrysotile fibres be airborne or pose any health risk when mixed with cement. Fibre cement products are extensively used across the globe particularly in structures like hospitals and schools.
Research has proven that amphibole asbestos like crocidolite or amosite is less likely than chrysotile to cause disease. These amphibole types are the main cause of mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases. When chrysotile is combined with cement, it creates an extremely durable and flexible building product that is able to withstand severe weather conditions and other environmental hazards. It is also very easy to clean up after use. Professionals can safely eliminate asbestos fibres when they have been removed.
Amosite
Asbestos is a class of fibrous silicates found in a variety of rock formations. It is composed of six general groups: amphibole, serpentine anthophyllite, tremolite, anthophyllite, crocidolite (IARC 1973).
Asbestos minerals are made up of thin, long fibres that vary in length from very thin to broad and straight to curled. These fibers are found in nature in bundles, or as individual fibrils. Asbestos can also be found in a powder form (talc) or combined with other minerals to create vermiculite or talcum powder. They are extensively used in consumer products including baby powder, cosmetics, and face powder.
The greatest asbestos use was during the first two-thirds of the twentieth century where it was used in shipbuilding, insulation, fireproofing and other construction materials. The majority of asbestos exposures for work were in the air, but certain workers were also exposed to asbestos-bearing rocks and vermiculite that was contaminated. Exposures varied from industry to industry, era era and also from geographical location.
Asbestos exposure in the workplace is mostly due to inhalation. However, some workers have been exposed via skin contact or by eating food items contaminated with asbestos. Asbestos is now only found in the environment due to the natural weathering of mined ore and the degrading of contaminated materials such as insulation, car brakes and clutches as well as ceiling and floor tiles.
There is evidence to suggest that non-commercial amphibole fibers could also be carcinogenic. These fibres are not tightly woven like the fibrils found in amphibole and serpentine, they are loose elastic, flexible, and needle-like. These fibers can be found in the mountains and cliffs of several countries.
Asbestos can enter the environment in many ways, including as airborne particles. It can also be absorbed into soil or water. This can be caused by natural (weathering and erosion of asbestos-bearing rocks) and anthropogenic (disintegration and disposal of asbestos-containing materials in landfill sites) sources. Asbestos contamination of surface and ground water is largely associated with natural weathering, but has also been caused by human activities such as milling and mining demolition and dispersal of asbestos-containing materials, and the removal of contaminated dumping ground in landfills (ATSDR, 2001). Inhalation exposure to airborne asbestos fibres is the most common cause of illness for people who are exposed to asbestos on a daily basis.
Crocidolite
Inhalation exposure is the most common method of exposure to asbestos fibres. The fibres can penetrate the lung and cause serious health issues. Mesothelioma as well as asbestosis and other illnesses are caused by asbestos fibres. Exposure to asbestos fibres can occur in other ways, too like contact with contaminated clothing or materials. The dangers of this kind of exposure are higher when crocidolite, a asbestos' blue form is involved. Crocidolite fibers are smaller and more fragile and therefore easier to inhale. They also can get deeper into lung tissues. It has been linked to a larger number of mesothelioma-related cancers than any other type of asbestos.
The six main kinds are chrysotile and amosite. The most commonly used asbestos types are epoxiemite and chrysotile, which together make up 95% all commercial asbestos used. The other four types haven't been as popularly used, but they may still be present in older buildings. They are less hazardous than amosite or chrysotile however they could still be a risk when mixed with other minerals, or when mined near other mineral deposits, such as vermiculite and talc.
Numerous studies have shown the connection between stomach cancer and asbestos exposure. The evidence isn't unanimous. Certain researchers have reported an overall SMR (standardized mortality ratio) of 1.5 (95 percent CI: 0.7-3.6) for all workers exposed to asbestos while other studies have reported an SMR of 1.24 (95 percent of the CI = 0.76-2.5) for workers in chrysotile mines and mills.
IARC the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified all forms of asbestos as carcinogenic. All forms of asbestos could cause mesothelioma or other health issues, however the risks are different based on the amount of exposure that people are exposed to, the type of asbestos used as well as the duration of exposure and the method by which it is inhaled or consumed. The IARC has recommended that the prevention of all asbestos types should be the highest priority since this is the most secure option for those who are exposed. However, if a person has been exposed to asbestos in the past and are suffering from a disease such as mesothelioma, or other respiratory ailments and require advice, they should seek out guidance from their physician or NHS 111.
Amphibole
Amphibole is one of the minerals that form long prism or needle-like crystals. They are a type inosilicate mineral that is composed of double chains of molecules of SiO4. They usually have a monoclinic structure in their crystals however some may have an orthorhombic structure. The general formula of an amphibole is A0-1B2C5T8O22(OH,F)2. The double chains consist of (Si,Al)O4 Tetrahedrons which are connected in rings of six. The tetrahedrons can be separated by octahedral strips.
Amphibole minerals are found in igneous and metamorphic rocks. They are usually dark-colored and tough. Due to their similarity in hardness and colour, they can be difficult for some to differentiate from the pyroxenes. They also share a similar the cleavage. However their chemistry permits the use of a variety of compositions. The chemical compositions and crystal structures of the different mineral groups found in amphibole may be used to identify them.
The five types of asbestos in the amphibole class include amosite, anthophyllite and chrysotile and crocidolite. They also include actinolite. While the most commonly used asbestos type is chrysotile; each is unique in its own way. The most harmful type of asbestos, crocidolite, is composed of sharp fibers that are simple to breathe into the lungs. Anthophyllite is a brownish to yellowish hue and is made mostly of iron and magnesium. This variety was once used in cement-based products and insulation materials.
Amphibole minerals can be difficult to analyze because they have a complicated chemical structure and numerous substitutions. Therefore, a detailed analysis of their composition requires special methods. The most common methods for identifying amphiboles are EDS, WDS, and XRD. sacramento asbestos lawsuit are only able to provide approximate identifications. For instance, they are unable to distinguish between magnesio-hastingsite from magnesio-hornblende. These techniques also cannot distinguish between ferro-hornblende and pargasite.
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