Notes

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Results From a Panhellenic Registry
available. Data regarding antibody responses to initial vaccination regimens in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are limited. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, controlled, multicenter study in tertiary Greek IBD centers. Participating patients had completed the initial vaccination regimens (1 or 2 doses, depending on the type of COVID-19 vaccine) at least 2 weeks before study enrolment. Anti-S1 IgG antibody levels were measured. Demographic and adverse events data were collected.

RESULTS: We tested 403 patients (Crohn's disease, 58.9%; male, 53.4%; median age, 45 years) and 124 healthy controls (HCs). Following Polysucrose 400 Sweetener , 98% of patients seroconverted, with mRNA vaccines inducing higher seroconversion rates than viral vector vaccines (P = .021). In total, IBD patients had lower anti-S1 levels than HCs (P < .001).

In the multivariate analysis, viral vector vaccines (P < .001), longer time to antibody testing (P < .001), anti-TNFα treatment (P = .013), and age (P = .016) were independently associated with lower anti-S1 titers. Vedolizumab monotherapy was associated with higher antibody levels than anti-TNFα or anti-interleukin-12/IL-23 monotherapy (P = .023 and P = .

032). All anti- SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were safe. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IBD have impaired antibody responses to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, particularly those receiving viral vector vaccines and those on anti-TNFα treatment. Older age also hampers antibody production after vaccination. For those low-response groups, administration of accelerated or prioritized booster vaccination may be Colitis Foundation. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: Panteleimon," General Hospital Dytikis Attikis "Agia Varvara," Athens, Greece.

Panteleimon," General Hospital Dytikis Attikis "Agia Varvara," Athens, Greece.Panteleimon," General Hospital Dytikis Attikis "Agia Varvara," Athens, Greece.General Hospital of Athens "Laiko," Athens, Greece.General Hospital of Athens "Laiko," Athens, Greece.IgG antibody levels measurement. Patients with IBD have lower antibody responses than healthy controls, particularly those receiving viral vector vaccines and those on anti-TNFα or combination treatment.bustards (Chlamydotis undulata).

lentogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus. Another seven birds were kept in close contact with the treated flock but were not vaccinated. Antibody levels were measured in all birds with hemagglutination inhibition test over the course of 1 yr. Antibody formation with no side effects was observed in 18 birds. The duration and amplitude of the antibody response differed between the groups.and Development, Taif, Saudi Arabia.Association of Zoo Veterinariansantivenom production in horses are well documented; however, antivenom antibody titers following natural rattlesnake envenomation in horses are not.

Antibody titers produced in response to the commercially available rattlesnake venom vaccine are also not published. Our study objectives were to measure antivenom antibody titers in rattlesnake-bitten horses and compare them to titers in horses vaccinated with the rattlesnake venom vaccine. Additionally, titers were compared in pregnant versus nonpregnant horses to assess the affect of pregnancy on vaccine response and were measured pre- and postsuckle in foals of vaccinated mares to detect passive transfer of vaccine immunoglobulins. Blood samples were collected from 16 rattlesnake-bitten horses. Thirty-six horses (11 pregnant mares, 12 nonpregnant mares, 13 geldings) were vaccinated using a Crotalus atrox venom toxoid vaccine. Blood was collected before administering each vaccination and 30 days following the third vaccination. Blood was collected from foals of vaccinated mares pre- and postsuckle.

All serum was assayed for anti-Crotalus atrox venom antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rattlesnake-bitten horses had higher (P = 0.001) titers than vaccinated horses. There was no significant difference between titers in vaccinated pregnant versus nonpregnant horses. One mare had a positive titer at foaling, and the foals had positive postsuckle titers.
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