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Purpose:
The aim here is to separate solid-liquid mixtures most efficiently. Here, we performed the separation of various heterogeneous mixtures using several experimental setups. We used 5 types of separation methods here; crystallization, filtration, decantation, centrifugation, and sedimentation. The most efficient method for separating small pieces is centrifugation.
Chemicals and other materials:
FeCl3, Cu(SO4)2, Pb, HCl, NH4, Bearker, Funnel, Filter Paper, Test tubes, Pipettes, Burettes, Droppers, Centrifugation machine, Laboratory Coat, special gloves and glasses for the lab.
Theory:
Various experimental setups are prepared for the separation of heterogeneous mixtures. In the prepared experimental setups; Filtration, centrifugation, decantation, sedimentation, and crystallization processes are performed. These processes are used to separate liquid-solid mixtures. The most efficient of these methods for separating small parts is centrifuge. The best separation methods, in order, are centrifugation, filtration, sedimentation, and decantation.
Observe:
There are various methods available to separate heterogeneous mixtures. However, the efficiency of these methods can vary. In this experiment, it is evident that centrifugation is the most effective method. Nonetheless, the best method to use may depend on the specific situation.
Results:
Solution Equations
FeCl3 + 3NH3 + 3H2o ----> Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl
(Dark Red, Brown)
Pb + HCl ----> PbCl2 + H2
Cu2+ + 3NH3 + 3H2O ---> Cu(OH)2 + NH4+ ---> Cu(NH3)4(OH)2
+NH3
The most Efficient ways to separate heterogeneous mixtures
1- Centrifugal
2- Filtration
3- Sedimentation
4- Decantation
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