Notes

The landscapes of North Africa have been shaped by the action of four tectonic plates: the African, Arabian, Anatolian, and Eurasian plates.Bodies of water also help define boundaries.North Africa has a varied climate because it is the meeting place of humid and cold air masses that come from the north and hot, tropical air masses that come from the south.3 env concerns are population growth, agricultural performance, and environmental degradation
section 1-----------------------------------------------
1-Atlas Mountains, maghreb, erg, regs, hamadas,
2-Ahaggar , Tibesti,Emi Koussi ,
3-Nile River and nile delta, alluvial soil, Aswan High Dam,wadis, mudflows,
4-used to be wet and green,
5-Sahara with 2 climates arid and semi-arid, Oases farming,Sahel and common animal/trees,
6-Mediterranean climate places, rainfall(coasts/mountains),crops,
7-Natural Resources,Petroleum exports, other economies(Algeria and libya), minerals
section 2----------------------------------------------
1-domesticate plants and animals,Egyptians and hieroglyphics,
2-Arabs,Ottoman Empire, muslims,geometric boundaries by eu bad, other countries (spain,france,italy) nationalism by middle class
3-Colonel Muammar al-Qaddafi, many dictators govt, independence (egypt,Algeria ,libya,Tunisia,Morocco), arab spring,
4-ethnicity:Berbers and arabs, nomads, bedouins, population centers by rivers and examples,
5-Emigration to europe,Islam,muezzin, imam,languages(including arabic)
6-Class status influences family size. extended fam to spread out, women’s issues, arts,rai,
7-economics,manufacturing ,Mediterranean climate crops, main export commodities,Tourism
8-Morocco trading partner,Water transportation important,Key economic challenges,arab spring effects
section 3--------------------------------------------------------------
1-water 4 irrigation,trade vulnerability ,aquifers,water contamination,
2-Libya’s Great Man-Made River ,desalinization,Egypt gets water from rivers like nile
3-Human Impact, oil spills, mass tourism,Oil and fishing,
4-bluefin tuna and turtles, Aswan High Dam (made lake nasser),European Union’s 2010 bilateral trade agreement with Morocco,
5-Land degradation from desertification,MENA oil, PAF,
6-Determining water rights,Great Man-Made River receives water supplies from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System,World Bank,Arab Water Council ,