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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa
You've probably heard that different types of plants produce distinct flavors. Find out about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.
Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and more tart flavor profile and are often added to blends of coffee to add depth.
Arabica
Arabica coffee beans are responsible for 75% of the global production. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta, and they come in different flavors. The aroma and taste of coffee is affected by the conditions in the conditions in which it grows and the processing methods used.
The word 'coffee' actually is derived from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are fruit seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats became more energetic after eating the fruits, and the cultivation of coffee quickly spread across the world.
Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes and are capable of thriving in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is considered to be the best tasting kind of coffee.
Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans, focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make unique specialty coffees that are well-suited for various methods of brewing. Blending is a way to control the aroma, flavor as well as body and acidity of the coffee and is usually preferred to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market.
Robusta
Robusta beans are the second most popular kind of coffee bean in the world. www.coffeee.uk have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants that naturally occur. However, these acids may cause oxidation during the process of brewing coffee and may produce undesirable flavors.
The plant itself is more robust than arabica and is able to thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It grows faster and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective crop to grow.
While it may seem counterintuitive, Robusta and arabica beans are often blended to create coffee blends. If you see the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya listed on a coffee bag and you can be sure that there's some robusta in there as well.
While some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do mix the two varieties to cut costs and ensure the quality. To maintain the quality of the flavor, it's important to choose a high-quality bean from a supplier you trust. The best way to do this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.
Liberica
Liberica beans are more or less football shaped which distinguishes them from other varieties of coffee beans. They have a smell that is floral, fruity and smoky. They are added to other coffee bean types to give them a deeper, more robust taste.
Liberica coffee beans are available in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They can be grown at low altitudes and can withstand humid, hot climates. They also have a better resistance to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.
These characteristics make them ideal for growing at home. The seeds can be found online from a number of sources, but it is recommended to purchase from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils that have moderately acidic pH, and sufficient annual rainfall.
Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa that was once considered a distinct species, but was re-classified as a variation of Liberica. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and grow on large coffee plants, which can grow to 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both fruity and tart, which has made them a preferred option in blends made by home. They have a milder aroma and higher caffeine content that is lower than Arabica or Robusta but still have a unique depth of flavor.
Excelsa
Excelsa coffee beans aren't as common as Arabica and Robusta although they're fourth popular. They were actually thought to be an entirely different species of coffee until 2006 when they were reclassified to become a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Nowadays, they're grown mostly in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans are shaped as a teardrop and possess a dark, mysterious taste. They're frequently used in blends to provide extra body and a luscious tart, ripe fruit flavor.
Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are renowned for having a more sweetness. They thrive in tropical, warm climates as well as at higher altitudes. They also have a hint of acidity. If properly roasted and brewed they can be a bit sweet with hints of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.
Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and is responsible for about 40% of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are more round and smaller, yet they contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two types and have an earthy, woody taste.
After having a better understanding of the four most popular types and their characteristics, it's time to select your favorite brew. If you prefer a smooth and delicate flavor pick an arabica or a blend comprised of arabica beans and robusta beans.
Website: https://www.coffeee.uk/categories/coffee-beans
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