Notes

Many soluble analytes in the maternal circulation, such as hormones and cytokines, have been implicated in its pathophysiology
However, changes in the protein content of extracellular vesicles , which could provide additional insight into the disease pathways of this obstetrical syndrome, have not been examined. This study aimed to characterize the proteomic profile of EVs in the plasma of pregnant women who experienced fetal death and to evaluate whether such a profile reflected the pathophysiological mechanisms of this obstetrical complication. Moreover, the proteomic results were compared to and integrated with those obtained from the soluble fraction of maternal plasma. METHODS: This retrospective case-control study included 47 women who experienced fetal death and 94 matched, healthy, pregnant controls. Order now of 82 proteins in the EVs and the soluble fractions of maternal plasma samples was conducted by using a bead-based, multiplexed immunoassay platform. Quantile regression analysis and random forest models were implemented to assess differences in the concentration of proteins in the EV and soluble fractions and to evaluate their combined discriminatory power between clinical groups.

Hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to identify subgroups of fetal death cases with similar proteomic profiles. A p-value of <.05 was used to infer significance, unless multiple testing was involved, with the false discovery rate controlled at the level . All statistical analyses were performed by using the R statistical language and environment-and specialized packages. RESULTS: Nineteen proteins , interleukin -6, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, IL-8, E-Selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, pentraxin 3, IL-16, galectin-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1, matrix metalloproteinase-1 , and CD163) were found to have different plasma concentrations in women with fetal death compared to controls. There was a similar pattern of change for the dysregulated proteins in the EV and soluble fractions and a positive correlation between the log -fold changes of proteins significant in either the EV or the soluble fraction . pantothenic acid side effects of EV and soluble fraction proteins resulted in a good discriminatory model .

Unsupervised clustering based on the proteins differentially expressed in either the EV or the soluble fraction of patients with fetal death relative to controls revealed three major clusters of patients. CONCLUSION: Pregnant women with fetal death have different concentrations of 19 proteins in the EV and soluble fractions compared to controls, and the direction of changes in concentration was similar between fractions. The combination of EV and soluble protein concentrations revealed three different clusters of fetal death cases with distinct clinical and placental histopathological characteristics. European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians metal levels with excess body weight among Spanish children: A Exposure to metal s during critical developmental windows could result in permanent damage to the target organ system, increasing susceptibility to disease later in life. In view of the fact that metals s have been shown to work as obesogens, the aim of the present case-control study was to evaluate the modification effect of exposure to metal s on the association between SNPs in genes involved in metal detoxification and excess body weight among children. A total of 134 Spanish children aged 6-12 years old were included . Seven SNPs were genotyped on GSA microchips, and ten metal s were analysed in urine samples through Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry .

Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to assess the genetic and metal exposures' main association and interaction effects. GSTP1 rs1695 and ATP7B rs1061472 showed significant effects on excess weight increase in those children carrying two copies of the risk G allele and being highly exposed to chromium and lead . Conversely, GCLM rs3789453 and ATP7B rs1801243 appeared to play a protective role against excess weight in those exposed to copper and lead . Our findings provide the first proof that interaction effects could exist between genetic variants within GSH and metal transporting systems and exposure to metal s, on excess body weight among Granada/Andalusian Regional Government PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, Granada/Andalusian Regional Government PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work presented in this paper. Graphical abstract was created Extracellular vesicles are cell-derived biological nanoparticles that gained great interest for drug delivery. EVs have numerous advantages compared to synthetic nanoparticles, such as ideal biocompatibility, safety, ability to cross biological barriers and surface modification via genetic or chemical methods.
Website: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_vitamins