Notes

Immunohistochemistry of involucrin and activation of transglutaminase activity provided further evidence for the increase in corneocyte envelope formation observed ultrastructurally
Lipid analysis of air-exposed cultures revealed an increase in the cholesterol sulphate, cholesterol and ceramide contents. After 4 weeks of treatment on the hemiface of volunteers, the capacitance and transepidermal water loss evaluation revealed the potential interest of this extract for improvement of skin hydration. Electron microscopic examination of the corneocyte envelope on tape strips confirmed its actions. Taken together squalane oil demonstrated that an aqueous extract of S. amara increases human keratinocyte differentiation.6057.

Scan Electron Microsc. 1984;(Pt 4):2045-58.Mononuclear phagocytes and collagen matrices--a review.Mononuclear phagocytes comprise populations of both stationary and wandering cells in vivo, and play many important roles, including major ones in host defence and the regulation of the immune response. They also interact with fibroblasts in the production and degradation of collagen and are therefore responsible in part for the modelling of connective tissue. Motile macrophages in vivo can use this connective tissue as a substrate for their migration, moving over and through dense collagenous matrix in the process. They adhere readily to collagenous substrates in vitro but there are distinct differences between the morphology and behaviour of macrophages on these substrates and those on glass or plastic.

squalane oil of macrophages can be manipulated in vitro by the use of MIF (migration inhibition factor), a soluble lymphokine produced by sensitised T-lymphocytes, which inhibits macrophage motility. MIF also affects the morphology of macrophages and their behaviour on collagenous substrates. When their motility is suppressed by MIF macrophages become activated to enhanced levels of phagocytic, cytotoxic and microbicidal activities, but lose their marked propensity to invade collagenous matrices.Complement fixation by pemphigus antibody. V. Assembly of the membrane attack complex on cultured human keratinocytes.Previous studies have shown that pemphigus vulgaris (PV) IgG will fix early complement components (C1q, C4, and C3) to cultured murine epidermal cell surfaces and that PV IgG and complement alter epidermal cell membrane integrity.

The present study was undertaken to determine if assembly of terminal complement components (C5, C6, C7, C8, and C9) and expression of C5b-9 neoantigens occur when PV IgG interacts with human keratinocyte (HuK) cell surface antigens in the presence of a source of complement. Monoclonal antibodies specific for C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, and C5b-9 neoantigens were screened for reactivity to the individual complement components in an assembled complex of human C5b-9 on rabbit red blood cell ghosts. Monoclonal antibodies (tissue culture supernatants) that bound to antigenic determinants accessible in the C5b-9 complex were selected for this study using immunofluorescence methods. HuK treated with PV IgG fixed C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, and C5b-9 neoantigens in a characteristic speckled pattern, while normal IgG did not. Heat inactivation or EDTA treatment of the complement source, or substitution of C2-depleted serum abolished C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, and C5b-9 neoantigen staining. PV IgG and complement also resulted in significant cytotoxicity to cell membranes as assessed using an ethidium bromide-fluorescein diacetate assay. These results suggest that PV IgG will activate the membrane attack complex of the complement system on HuK cell surfaces, resulting in cytotoxicity to cell membranes, further implicating complement in the [Effect of GH/IGF-I deficiency on bone and collagen turnover in children and Serum bone Gla protein (BGP), marker of osteoblastic function, carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), index of bone resorption, and aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen, marker of collagen synthesis, were evaluated in children with GH deficiency (GHD), in adults with childhood-onset GHD and in adults with acquired GHD in adultlife.

In children with GHD, serum BGP (12 +/- 0 ng/ml), ICTP (8 +/- 0 ng/ml) and PIIINP (3 +/- 0 ng/ml) were significantly lower (p < 0001, p < 0001 and p < 001, respectively) than those observed in a sex and age matched control group (BGP:18 +/- 0 ng/ml, ICTP: 14 +/- 0 ng/ml, PIIINP: 6 +/- 0 ng/ml). In adults with childhood onsed GHD, BGP levels (3 +/- 0 ng/ml) were significantly lower (p < 0001) than those recorded in a sex and age matched control group (5 +/- 0 ng/ml), while ICTP (4 +/- 0 ng/ml) and PIIINP (3 +/- 0 ng/ml) levels were similar to those found in controls (ICTP: 4 +/- 0 ng/ml; PIIINP: 3 +/- 0 ng/ml). In adults with acquired GHD, serum BGP (5 +/- 0 ng/ml), ICTP (3 +/- 0 ng/ml) and PIIINP (3 +/- 0 ng/ml) levels were not significantly different from those recorded in controls (BGP: 5 +/- 0 ng/ml, ICTP: 4 +/- 0 ng/ml, PIIINP: 3 +/- 0 ng/ml).(ABSTRACT Chromatographic properties of denatured skin and bone collagens on Denatured collagen samples extracted from the skin and bone of lathyritic rats with guanidine hydrochloride were chromatographed on hydroxyapatite columns.
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