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How Do Magnet Planar Headphones Work?

It may be difficult for you to comprehend how planar magnetic drivers work even if you've never used the two. Planar magnetic drivers employ two flat magnets that are sandwiched between thin diaphragms with conductors. This is different from the voicecoil actuator which drives a stiff cone back and forward.

Diaphragm

Contrary to a traditional headphone driver with dome or cone shaped diaphragm, a magnet planar has a flat piece of flexible film. The film has conductors etched on it, which react with magnets that are placed on either side of the diaphragm. When the electrical signal passing through these wires changes the magnetic field generated by the magnets causes the diaphragm react and move. This causes soundwaves that you can then hear.

The human diaphragm is a dome-shaped membranous muscular structure that separates the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities. It is the main respiratory muscle, and is responsible for inhalation actions, like breathing, sneezing and coughing and crying, laughing vomiting, and parturition. The diaphragm also plays a role in expulsive movements like urination and defecating as well as pushing the fetus away during the birth.

A planar magnetic diaphragm is much more sensitive to changes in audio signals than dynamic drivers because of its ultra-lightweight and thinness. This gives planar magnetic headphones an audio that is more precise and delicate than what you get with a dynamic driver.

One of the disadvantages of planar magnetic headphones is that they are likely to have a bit more leakage than their dynamic counterparts, particularly at higher volume. This is due to the motion of the magnet planar headphones diaphragm, which causes some audio to be pushed away from the listener.

This isn't an issue if you listen to music in quiet environments or when watching movies, but it can be a hassle for public listening and active usage. Thankfully, there are some great options to limit the amount of leakage such as the Audeze LCD-4 or HiFiMAN Sundara. Wisdom Audio, for example, is a leader in the development of PMD technology. They have been working hard to resolve issues with this type of headphone. This is why they have patents on numerous innovations that you can observe in their products. Their flex-circuit-based planar-winding technology overcomes the limitations stamped copper windings must overcome to offer a higher utilization.

The Conductors

Conductors are what connect the diaphragm and the magnets and are responsible for producing the sound that you hear. They are typically made of an amalgamation of aluminum and copper. The diaphragm is then wrapped around the magnetic core. This is supported by the headphone's frame. The magnetic core may be constructed from any type of material but is most commonly Neodymium. The core is the primary element of any planar audio driver. It is made up of nested layers with an helix circular in size, ranging from 10-20mm in diameter.

Planar magnetic drivers have the advantage of having a wider soundstage compared to their dynamic counterparts. This is because when audio signals arrive in the diaphragm, it vibrates across the entire area instead of the tiny area that is attached to the voice coil. This greater surface area results in lower distortion levels, particularly when the volume is higher.

A magnet planar's ability to respond quickly to changes in audio signals is another important feature. This makes it easier to reproduce a wide range of frequencies and creates a more detailed and realistic sound. This is an excellent feature for audiophiles who love music that incorporates a variety of instruments and vocals.

The stacked design of planar magnetics reduces the variation between parts which makes them suitable for mission-critical applications that require high reliability. They offer better consistency and lower magnetic field distortion as compared to wirewound magnetics. This is essential to the success of electronic devices.

The Magnets

As its name implies, a magnet is an element that has magnetic properties. It can cause a repulsive or attractive force on certain substances such as nickel, iron cobalt, and some steels. It can also attract and repel certain electrical conductors. This phenomenon is known as magnetism. It is produced in permanent, temporary or electromagnets. Magnets are used in a myriad of applications and can be found in a variety of devices including electronic devices like headphones, mobile phones, laptop computers and car audio systems.

Planar magnetic driver technology, unlike traditional balanced armature or dynamic drivers which use an extremely rigid and stiff diaphragm with an electric voice coil to create the sound wavefront, uses an extremely thin and flexible diaphragm. The diaphragm oscillates and creates a flat wavefront, instead of a narrow spherical one, as is typical in all headphones and speakers. This creates a larger and more expansive soundstage and is recognized for its deep bass.

The main disadvantage of planar headphone drivers is that the massive magnets they hold require lots of power. This makes them more heavy and bulkier than other headphones drivers. As such, many planar magnetic drivers require a separate power amplifier to function properly.

The amplifier should be designed to match the power output of the planar magnetic driver in order to offer the best listening experience. Additionally the amplifier should have a sufficient input impedance to be able to drive the planar magnetic driver at its maximum output frequency.

The planar magnetic drive is typically constructed as dipole, which emits equally and in opposite phases in the front and behind the speaker (like ESLs) or a monopole, which emits only in the forward-facing direction (more than traditional headphones). The most commonly used design of a planar magnetic driver is a bipole, with two poles that alternate on the south and north. Its shape allows it to be made as one piece of metal, and creates a solid field in the center of the faceplate.

Planar magnetic drivers are more efficient and have a smaller distortion factor because of their size. They are utilized in high-end headphone systems where sound precision is important. They can also be found in professional audio equipment such as loudspeakers and microphones. closed-back planar magnetic headphones are also suitable for medical imaging and other sensitive applications that require high-quality precision.

The Seal

To be effective, planar drivers must be sealed extremely tightly and precisely. A tiny leak can have a significant impact on the sound quality and even cause distortion. It requires much effort to create the right seal for planar driver.

Planar magnetic headphones, unlike many other headphone designs, must not have any gaps within the enclosure for acoustics. This is because gaps could cause the diaphragm's resonance to occur at multiple frequencies at once. Crosstalk is a problem that can impact the sound quality.

The most common type of seal for planar headphones is the rubber ring seal. This seal can stop air leaks with great efficiency. It is also extremely robust and can last for a long time. However it is essential to be aware that this kind of seal may sometimes create a hollow sound. It is therefore crucial to select a premium rubber seal if you are contemplating using a planar magnetic headphone.

The liquid crystal display (LCD) seal is another option for a magnetic driver. It is a more sophisticated kind of seal that has been designed to prevent the formation of gaps. It also can withstand a lot of pressure. It is a great choice for audiophiles looking for premium sound quality.


One benefit of LCD headphones is that they can provide the most clear and precise sound. This is particularly the case with high-end models such as the Audeze LCD-4 and HiFiMAN Susvara. It is possible to find LCD headphones with the same sound quality for a lesser price.

It is important to remember that planar magnetic headphones can generate more sound pressure than dynamic headphones. The way they are constructed is the main reason. In contrast to dynamic headphones, planar magnetic headphones are made up of two opposing magnets that pull on the diaphragm. This creates an intense force that could produce very high frequencies.

Planar magnetic drivers are relatively new technology in the world of headphone production. They have started to revolutionize how people listen to music. In addition to their superior sound they are also extremely comfortable to wear and easy to adjust.

Read More: https://www.headphonesshop.uk/categories/planar-magnetic-headphones