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Technology Basis Microarray System Analyses Community
We review here the sequential development of the technology and its power in pinpointing and isolating naturally occurring ligands for glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) within glycan populations. We highlight our Designer Array approach and Beam Search Array approach for generating natural glycome arrays to identify novel ligands of biological relevance. These two microarray approaches have been applied for assignments of ligands or antigens on glucan polysaccharides for effector proteins of the immune system (Dectin-1, DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR) and carbohydrate-binding modules applications to elucidate the structure of a prostate cancer- associated antigen F77 and identify ligands for adhesins of two rotaviruses, P[] and P[19], expressed on an epithelial mucin glycoprotein.Purification and characterization of a peptide from the carboxy-terminal region A disulfide-bonded peptide with a molecular weight of about 0 was isolated from the medium of cultured chick embryo tendons. It was shown to be a trimer with two types of subunits in a 21 ratio, and tryptic fingerprinting and immunological evidence indicated that it was derived from the carboxy-terminal-precursor-specific region of procollagen. Amino acid analysis after reduction and alkylation indicated that the trimer contains about residues of half-cystine involved in intrachain as well as interchain disulfide bonding.

lacto n neotetraose could be reduced and alkylated under nondenaturing conditions. Carbohydrate analysis showed that each of the three peptide chains in the trimer contains about two residues of N-acetylglucosamine and about ten residues of mannose. This suggests the presence of one or two oligosaccharide Influence of temperature fluctuations on growth and recrystallization of ice crystals in frozen peeled shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) pre-soaked with carrageenan oligosaccharide and xylooligosaccharide.College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, China. College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, China.College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, China. Temperature fluctuation is a common problem in the frozen storage of shrimp products.

This study investigated the influence of carrageenan oligosaccharide crystals in frozen peeled shrimp exposed to temperature fluctuations. Shrimp soaked with water and 3% (wv) Na4P2O7 solution were designated as the negative and positive controls, respectively. Our data revealed that both CO- and XO-soaked shrimp had significant improvements in thawing and cooking loss, myofibrillar protein content, Ca2+-ATPase activity, and textural variables when exposed to temperature fluctuations compared to control samples. Microstructural imaging indicated that soaking the shrimp in CO and XO slowed the progression of damage caused to tissue myofibrils by large ice crystals, as well as inhibited the growth and recrystallization of ice crystals in muscle tissues. SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed that treatment with the oligosaccharides exhibited marked effects on the stability of muscle proteins and inhibited the degradation of muscle proteins affected by the temperature fluctuations. Based on lacto-n-neotetraose , we hypothesize that the incorporated CO and XO may bind to muscle proteins and capture water molecules in the myofibrillar network through hydrogen bonding, thereby suppressing the myofibrillar denaturation and tissue structure destruction induced by the growth and recrystallization of ice crystals.Processing alpha-glucosidase I is an inverting glycosidase.

Alpha-glucosidase I is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides catalyzing the first processing event after the en bloc transfer of Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 to proteins. This enzyme is an inhibitor target for anti-viral agents that interfere with the formation of essential glycoproteins required in viral assembly, secretion and infectivity. Of fundamental mechanistic interest for all oligosaccharide hydrolyzing enzymes is the stereochemical course of the reaction which can occur with either retention or inversion of anomeric configuration. The stereochemistry is used to categorize enzymes and is important in designing mechanism-based inhibitors. To determine the stereochemical course of the alpha-glucosidase I reaction, the release of glucose from a synthetic trisaccharide substrate, Glc(alpha1-2)Glc(alpha1-3)Glc alphaO(CH2)8COOCH3 was directly monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacto-N-tetraose