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11 Strategies To Completely Redesign Your Planar Magnetic
How a Planar Magnetic Diaphragm Headphone Driver Works

Typically, dynamic drivers feature a voice coil attached to the center of the conical diaphragm. When an electrical signal passes through a voice coil the diaphragm is moved.

The force is applied to a small part of the diaphragm, so it is difficult to move multiple points at the same moment. This can lead to breakup patterns which can cause distortion.

Sound Detail

Many audiophiles want to hear an accurate sound through their headphones. A great way to achieve this is by using a planar magnetic diaphragm. This type of headphone driver works similarly to cone drivers with dynamic characteristics however with more advanced technology behind it.

A planar diaphragm is a flat piece of material embedded in the headphone's frame and made of a thin, light material. It's designed to be as flat and uniform as it is possible. This allows for an even distribution of pressure across the entire surface.

The flat design of a planar magnetic diaphragm also allows for a more controlled soundstage. A more focused wavefront can result in better sound staging which helps you identify the exact location of an instrument or vocal on the track. This is an advantage over the more spherical waves that are typical of dynamic drivers.

Unlike traditional dynamic drivers, which make use of a voice coil located close to the center of a plastic or paper cone, a planar diaphragm utilizes magnets that are placed on its flat face. The diaphragm is vibrating and emits sound when the current that flows through the voice coil interacts these magnets. The entire diaphragm can be driven at the same time. This eliminates breakup modes, mechanical filters, transmission delays, and local resonances that can have a negative effect on the sound quality.

A diaphragm that is flat and uniform can also accelerate more quickly than the thicker and heavier ones that are used in dynamic drivers. Physics laws state that force is proportional to mass and acceleration so the faster a diaphragm can move, the more force it exerts. This results in planar magnetic drivers more precise bass response and superior detail retrieval.

Of course, the advantages of the planar magnetic driver do not come without a price. Because they have a complicated motor system and large diaphragm, they typically cost more than dynamic drivers, are heavier and require a stronger amplifier to function properly. However, many manufacturer of planar magnetic headphones can make the most of their technology to produce high-quality headphones at a reasonable price. Audeze LCD-4, HiFiMAN Susvara are some examples.

High Sensitivity

Planar drivers differ from moving coil drivers used in most headphones or IEMs in that they use a flat membrane instead of a traditional dome or cone shaped membrane. As an electrical signal moves through it, it interacts with the magnets and the diaphragm, generating sound waves. The flat nature of the diaphragm permits it to react quickly to sound and is capable of generating many different frequencies, ranging from bass to highs.

A key benefit of the planar magnetic design is that it's more sensitive than other types of headphone driver, which can use a diaphragm that is up to a few times more powerful than a typical planar headphone. This lets you listen to all the details of your music.

Planar magnetic drivers also create an extremely consistent driving force across the diaphragm. This prevents breakup, and creates a smooth, distortion-free sound. This is particularly important for high-frequency sounds, where the presence of breakup can be very audible and distracting. This is accomplished in the FT5 by using a material called polyimide which is both ultralight and extremely durable, as well as a sophisticated design of conductors that eliminates distortion in intermodulation caused by inductance.

OPPO's planar magnetic drivers also have better phase coherence, which means that when a wavefront strikes the ear canal, it's a perfectly flat and unaltered shape. Dynamic drivers however are spherical in their wavefront that disturbs the coherence, resulting in less-than-perfect signal peak reconstructions, especially in high frequencies. OPPO headphones sound extremely natural and authentic.

Wide Frequency Response

Planar magnetic diaphragms are able to reproduce sounds at higher frequencies than traditional drivers. This is because their diaphragms are thin and light. is very precise in its movement. They can provide a high-quality transient response. This makes them a perfect choice for audiophiles looking for speakers and headphones that reproduce the most precise details of music.

This flat design also allows them to have a more uniform soundstage than regular headphones that have coiled dynamic drivers. In addition they are less prone to leakage that is the sound that escapes the headphone cups and enters the environment around you. In some instances this can be a problem because it can distract listeners and disrupt their focus when listening to music. In other instances however, it can be beneficial because it lets listeners enjoy their music in public areas without worrying about disturbing people near by.

Instead of using an underlying diaphragm that's shaped like a cone the planar magnetic headsets feature an array of printed patterns on a thin film of the actual diaphragm. This conductor is suspended between two magnets. When an electrical signal is applied to it, it becomes electromagnetic and causes the magnetic forces on the opposite side of the diaphragm interact with each other. This is the reason why the diaphragm begins to vibrate, resulting in the sound wave.

The uniform motion of the diaphragm that is light, and the fact that force is evenly distributed over its surface, means that distortion is incredibly low. This is a significant improvement over traditional dynamic drivers that are known to produce distortion at high listening levels.


Some high-end headphones still use the old school moving coil design, however most HiFi audio enthusiasts are now using a technology that was long forgotten and a new generation of amazing sounding planar magnetic headphones. Some of these models are extremely expensive and require a top-of-the-line amplifier to power them however, for those with the money, they provide an incredible experience that's unrivalled by any other headphone. They provide a rich and clear sound without the distortion that comes with other kinds of headphones.

Minimal Inertia

Because of their design, planar magnetic diaphragms are extremely light and can move much more quickly than conventional drivers. They can reproduce audio signals with greater accuracy and can be tuned to a wider range. They also provide a natural sound with less distortion than traditional loudspeakers.

The dual rows in a planar driver generate an equal and uniform magnetic force across the entire diaphragm surface. This will eliminate any unnecessary and unwanted distortion. The diaphragm's weight is more manageable since the force is evenly dispersed. This allows the diaphragm to move in a precise pistonic motion, leading to smooth and accurate music reproduction.

Planar magnetic drivers are capable of achieving very high levels of performance at the smallest weight, making them ideal for headphones that can be carried around. They can also be made to produce a range in frequencies, from low-frequency sounds to high-frequency ones. Audio professionals love them for their broad frequency response and precise sound.

Planar magnetic drivers are different from dynamic drivers that utilize coils to push the diaphragm. They do not have any mechanical parts which can cause distortion. planar vs dynamic is due to the fact that the conductors' flat array sits directly on the diaphragm instead of in a coil behind it.

A planar magnetic driver in contrast can drive a light and thin diaphragm with an extremely powerful magnetic force with no loss of energy. As planar magnetic closed back headphones , the diaphragm is driven by an even pressure, preventing it from deforming and causing distortion.

The moment of inertia describes the resistance to the rotation of an object. It is calculated using the formula I = mr2. The shape of an object influences its moment of inertia minimum. Longer and smaller objects have lower moments of inertia.

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