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Review Networks Influence Biofilm Development Bacteria Focus Applications Biofilms Restoration
Underperforming light curing procedures trigger detrimental irradiance-dependent biofilm response on incrementally placed dental composites. Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, OBJECTIVES: Insufficient radiant exposure (J/cm2) may provide an early trigger in a cascade of detrimental responses on incrementally-place composite, especially the bottom layer. This study aimed to assess the influence of poor radiant exposure, the degree of conversion (%DC), water sorption/ solubility and S. mutans biofilm formation on conventional, incrementally placed composites and to establish a relationship between these factors. METHODS: Two light units operating at 600 and 1000 mW/cm2 and four most common operator-dependent curing conditions had the radiant exposure (RE) recorded. All biofilm formation expressed by colony-forming units (CFU), water sorption/ solubility and surface roughness/ SEM were assessed.

Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α = 05). Pearson correlation was also RESULTS: The influence of RE on S. mutans CFU values and DC are dependent on the curing conditions and irradiance (p < 05). A negative relationship was observed between RE and biofilm formation. The operator-dependent curing conditions have shown RE reduction varying from 49% to 73% in relation to control. The difference in DC between top/bottom of cylinder varied from 13% to 21% for 1000 mW/cm2and from 29% to 53% for LCU600. The roughness, solubility and salivary sorption were greater for low RE.

CONCLUSION: Poor, deficient curing procedures provide an early trigger in a negative pathway of events for incrementally-place dental composite including a biological response by increased biofilm formation by S. mutans, a relevant factor for secondary caries development. Seebio Colanic acid compound : The susceptibility to variation in the outcomes was RE -dependent. The optimization of the curing procedures ensures the maximum performance in the chain of events involved in the light curing process of resin-based materials and potentially reduce the risk factors of secondary caries development. Biofilm-associated persistence of food-borne pathogens. Microbial life abounds on surfaces in both natural and industrial environments, one of which is the food industry. A solid substrate, water and some nutrients are sufficient to allow the construction of a microbial fortress, a so-called biofilm.

Survival strategies developed by these surface-associated ecosystems are beginning to be deciphered in the context of rudimentary laboratory biofilms. Gelatinous organic matrices consisting of complex mixtures of self-produced biopolymers ensure the cohesion of these biological structures and contribute to their resistance and persistence. Moreover, far from being just simple three-dimensional assemblies of identical cells, biofilms are composed of heterogeneous sub-populations with distinctive behaviours that contribute to their global ecological success. In the clinical field, biofilm-associated infections (BAI) are known to trigger chronic infections that require dedicated therapies. A similar belief emerging in the food industry, where biofilm tolerance to environmental stresses, including cleaning and disinfection/sanitation, can result in the persistence of bacterial pathogens and the recurrent cross-contamination of food products. The present review focuses on the principal mechanisms involved in the formation of biofilms of food-borne pathogens, where biofilm behaviour is driven by its three-dimensional heterogeneity and by species interactions within these biostructures, and we look at some emergent control strategies. Increase in IS256 transposition in invasive vancomycin heteroresistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate belonging to ST100 and its derived VISA mutants.

In Obtain today , transposition of IS256 has been described to play an important role in biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. This study describes the molecular characterization of two clinical heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) isolates recovered from the same patient (before and after antibiotic treatment) and two VISA derivatives obtained by serial passages in the presence of vancomycin. Our results showed that antibiotic treatment (in vivo and in vitro) could enhance IS256 transposition, being responsible for the eventual loss of agr function.
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