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Diffusion
Osmosis
Active Transport
WHAT ARE THE SUBSTANCES MOVED?
In Diffusion, particles move down the concentration gradient until they are evenly distributed; for particles to move like this they need to be a gas or a particle of a dissolved substance. Diffusion is seen throughout nature and allows substances to pass into or out of cells across the cell membrane but they must be dissolved and there must be a concentration gradient that they can move from high concentration to low concentration.
In Osmosis, it is very similar to diffusion but just for water, it is the movement of water into or out of the cell. Water moves from a high to a low concentration across a partially permeable membrane and down a concentration gradient.
In Active Transport, substances move against the concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process is “active” because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP). It is the opposite of passive transport.
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