Notes

Biomass pellet burner, wood pellet burning system<br>
Biomass pellet burners can be used in heating, cooking, drying and also other fields by matching with central heating boilers, heating systems or hot-blast cooktops. A properly designed wood pellet heaters can raise the burning efficiency of biomass pellets as much as more than 86%. As richi machinery have uniform size and also thickness, they can realize automatic feeding as well as continuous burning.



Classifications of biomass pellet heaters

According to various feeding method, the pellet burners can be classified into 3 types: upper feed kind, bottom feed kind, and perspective feed kind.




Upper feed kind pellet heater

Upper feed type pellet heaters are one of the most commonly made use of in boilers and stoves. The majority of upper feed kind burning gadget has blanking network on the inner wall, which the pellet gas go through as well as get into the burning chamber. The main air as well as the warm air required for automated ignition can be found in via the bottom of the burning chamber. The additional air come in through the holes on the wall surface of the combustion chamber.



Upper feed type pellet heater is typically outfitted with a blower to provide burning air and promote heat exchange between ranges as well as bordering air. To promote richi pellet mill removing, the grate is made to be hand-operated or automatic, to ensure that the ash comes under the dust enthusiast with the grate movement.



Base feed type pellet burner

Bottom feed kind burners are originally utilized for the burning of timber chips, after that they gradually come to be usable for biomass pellet fuel. The pellet fuels are fed to the combustion bed through the pipe at the end of the pellet heater by the feed conveyor. The primary air get involved in the burning chamber via the holes on the feeding device or the burning bed. And the second air get involved in the burning chamber with the holes above the burning bed. The bottom feed kind pellet heater doesn't need a separate dust collector. The ash after melting are pressed into the dirt collector or ash transmission system under.



Perspective feed kind pellet heater

The working concept of horizon feed type pellet burner coincides with lower kind feed type. The only different is the form of the combustion bed. Besides, horizon feed type pellet burner need additional dust collection agency.



Feed conveyor in the pellet burning system

In many cases, the combustion heater is divided with the supply bin, so there must be a feed system between them. The feed system serves to feed the timber pellet fuel to the combustion chamber. The feeding speed is figured out by the warmth demand. The most common feeding methods are spiral conveyor as well as air movement conveying system.



Spiral conveyor

Spiral conveyor is the most typical sort of feeding tool. It has simple framework, little quantity and portable design. It is easy to run and handle, with high security and also good securing. It is suitable for short-distance communicating. The price is reduced however the power consumption is relatively high. It is sensitive to the metals, minerals and also other contaminations, so it needs the biomass pellet gas are consistent, tidy and also under specific dimension.



Air flow communicating system

If the pellet burner has big range with the stock bin, air flow sharing system is more suitable. The operation of air flow conveyor is comparable with vacuum cleaner. Under strong suction of the pneumatically-driven tool, the timber pellets enter into the burning chamber with the pipe.



The air flow sharing system can understand long-distance and continual sharing of tiny pellets as well as small-size block materials. It can understand horizontal and also likely sharing. The air movement conveyor features simple structure, great securing, easy installation and also upkeep. But the transmission speed is not uniform as well as consistent, the exhaust sound is large, and also the price is reasonably high.



The procedure and control of pellet burners

Ignition

Pellet heaters adopt 2 ways of ignition: electronic ignition tool as well as pilot flam. Electric ignition is a lot more easy to manage, with much less toxin exhaust than pilot flam.



Warmth performance

To ensure the cleanliness of pellet burner, you should prevent multiple launching or using pilot flam, and make sure the burning condition is stable. Well-designed pellet burner can attain more than 90% efficiency at rated warmth. Even under low tons or unsteady tons, the heat efficiency is above 86%.



Combustion control

The pellet heater can readjust the feed amount or combustion air quantity to control the burning process. According to the warmth demand, the pellet heater normally has numerous various output gears. When the output warm is lower than the established degree, the pellet burner will run instantly up until it attains the set level.



The pellet heater is generally furnished with a temperature level sensor to check the heat outcome. The combustion air is supplied by wind blower as well as kept an eye on and regulated by a sensor. Small pellet burners adopts thermostat to control the warmth output, while huge heaters adopts extra complex approaches.



Running modes

Pellet heaters has 2 primary running modes. The first setting is represented by Sweden. The pellet heater is an independent device. It normally matches with a common boiler. The feeding, ignition and also combustion are automatic. But the warm output is uncontrollable or only has 2 qualities, full output as well as half outcome.



The various other mode is stood for by Austria. The feeding, ignition, burning and also ash cleaning are automated. The heat result can be adjusted within a certain array, as an example, 30% -100%. It is easy to use, yet the cost is 50% more than the first mode.



Ash elimination gadget

The ash getting rid of method of a wood pellet burner are mechanical scratching and also mechanical resonance. Some pellet burners are outfitted with ash compressor to ensure long time running. Well-designed pellet heater require little maintenance. Many ash removal device in pellet burners can meet the requirement of cleansing once a week.



Pollutant discharge

The smoke of biomass pellet heater primarily contains CxHy and CO. They are produced by the insufficient burning of timber pellets, affected by the make-up of the timber pellets. The smoke from pellet heater is bit, particularly those with inlet and exhaust gadgets. As the nitrogen as well as sulfur web content in the biomass pellet gas is low, so the NOx and Sox exhaust is far lower than coal.




Problems of biomass pellet burner

The modern technology of pellet burner is getting fully grown with the increasing application of biomass pellet fuel. However presently, the wood pellet heater still have some problems: the varieties are not broad, the application areas are limited.



High ash deposition and also slagging rate

The Si web content is high in straw products. The contortion temperature level of straw ash is generally 750 ~ 1000 ℃, so the ash deposition speed is more than wood pellets.



Ash elimination is a problem that can not be disregarded in biomass pellet burner. The ash deposit usually includes big quantities of alkaline elements and also chloride. The range and also slag will not just influence the heat effectiveness of the burner, yet also endanger the safety and security of melting devices.



According to research study, the potassium, chloride and sulfur elements has wonderful effect on slagging. The slagging rate increase along with the temperature level, the dimension of fireplace, and the density of fuels.



Chlorine rust

Straw pellets contains high alkali steel as well as chlorine web content. In burning process, almost all the chlorines have vaporize. They turn into HCL, CL2 as well as antacid chloride. As the smoke obtain cooled, the alkali chloride congeal externally of warm exchanger. They have response and generate sulfate and also chloride, which has strong oxidizing ability. They can speed up the deterioration of steels, and lower the heat transfer efficiency. In this regard, straw pellets has even more damages to the pellet burner than wood pellets. To put it simply, straw pellets has higher demand on the burning tool.



Reduced level of automation

Previously, a huge section of pellet burners still take on hands-on feeding and also half-automatic feeding system. The reduced degree of automation prevents the massive application of timber pellet gas.



Several tiny pellet heaters aerate normally, so they typically have the troubles of not enough combustion as well as high contaminant discharge.



Conclusion

Biomass pellet burners have actually been commonly used in warm supply, biomass central heating boiler and also biomass power generation. Properly designed pellet burner can raise the home heating efficiency, minimize slag as well as pollutant exhaust, as well as save labor work. With the enhancing application of biomass energy, it has higher requirement on the pellet burning modern technology.


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