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Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry analysis<br>
Sweden is just one of the world's largest wood pellet fuel manufacturer and consumer. It's wood pellet manufacturing innovation, industry plan, and market design are prominent. In this flow, I will do thorough evaluation on Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry, and work out some helpful experiences.



Intro

In the 1970s, numerous nations have actually made policies to promote biomass energy as a way to deal with power crisis and also environment pollution. Ever since, biomass power industry has actually created swiftly, as well as the innovation maintain boosting.



Due to the lack of mineral sources, Sweden's economic climate endured fantastic loss in last century. To ensure nationwide power safety, Sweden federal government strive to develop renewable resource.



Biomass pellet fuel has the attributes of high burning efficiency, reduced ash content, no carbon exhaust, easy transportation, which has been prominent in Europe and North America. With bountiful forestry sources, Sweden pay much interest to the advancement of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden occupies 20% of the globe's biomass fuel consumption, which grows up at the speed of 8-10%.




Sweden forestry sources as well as biomass materials

Sweden has abundant forestry resources. The woodland covers 64% of the land area, with 51% possessed by individuals, 24% by large wood firms, and 25% by countries and other public organizations. Besides, the forestry expands by 100 million tons every year, and the logging quantity is 92.4 million lots. The major forestry markets are wood processing, paper handling, as well as power wood. The wood products for making biomass power mostly originated from the 3 sectors above, about 23.48 m3.



Raw materials of wood pellets

Of the raw products for making wood pellets, wood shavings occupy 53%, sawdust 35%, and wood chips 5%, others (barks, agriculture deposits, power forestry) uses up 7%. Some tiny wood pellet manufacturing facility are developed base upon chipboard, furniture and sawdust mills.



With more business taking part in biomass fuel production, the competitors on the raw materials come to be a lot more fierce. As the crop straws in Sweden remain in scattered circulation, they are difficult to gather as well as refine. So some producers and institutes are creating new products like peat and also power plants.



Wood pellet making innovation as well as devices

The pellet molding modern technology has matured in Sweden. Nowadays, it has attained industrial as well as market manufacturing. The production procedure features high automation, needing less operators. The picture below displayed the wood pellet manufacturing procedure.



Drying out: normally, the wetness content of sawdust is around 50%. A drum clothes dryer can reduce the wetness content to 9-12% to ensure that it is gotten making pellets.

Crushing: the dimension of basic materials must be under 5mm. They require a hammer mill to decrease the size.

Conditioning: include high-heat steam to the raw products as well as soften the cellulous in it. Majority of the pellet fuel producers have conditioning process in manufacturing.

Pellet molding: the majority of wood pellet factories use vertical kind ring die pellet maker. The production capability of one machine is 2-4ton/ h. The life span of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.

Cooling: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet machine go to the temperature of 100 ℃. Pellets under this condition are easy to break and troublesome for transport. A counter-flow cooler can cool the wood pellets in a moderate method.

Packaging: the cooled pellets require to be classified and also packaged according to customers' demand. Tiny bags are 16kg, big bags are 900kg. For big customers like nuclear power plant, the wood pellets are carried by vehicles and also ships wholesale.

Biomass pellets classification and application

In 1999, Sweden federal government published the requirement of wood pellet fuel, in which they are classified into 3 classes. The fabulous has top quality. They can be utilized in residential little heaters as well as stoves.The second and also third don't have high quality. They are used by huge industrial customers.



Presently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can fulfill this standard. Several of them can meet the EU standard, others are not created according to this standard.



Wood pellet fuel can be applied in little central heating boilers, medium-scale and large-scale home heating supply center and nuclear power plant. Currently, animal food pellet machine has 60% of wood pellet fuel for small as well as moderate heating boilers and local home heating supply center, and also 40% for big heating supply center and co-firing power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden local home heating plant adopt coal to change oil. After the establish of carbon dioxide exhaust tax obligation, these home heating plant count on biomass fuel from coal. In the last decade, the amount of biomass fuel for heating grows from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Presently, regarding 400 local heating plant has actually embraced wood pellet fuel.



Given that the mid 1990s, domestic wood pellet market has made excellent progress. In the last years, making use of domestic home heating wood pellets grows rapidly. Presently, Sweden has 200,000 households using wood pellet boilers, 40,000 families using wood pellet cooktops.



Sweden biomass power development objective as well as plan

To advertise the constant growth of biomass power, Sweden has actually made a series of regulations as well as policies. To ensure the apply of these plans, the government likewise made several feasible supervision actions and necessary industry standard.



Sweden not just satisfy the obligation stated Kyoto Method that cut greenhouse discharge by 8%, however additionally established its very own development goal of biomass power. In 2006, the Minister for lasting advancement division declared that Sweden will totally make use of biofuels and stop utilizing oil, and also come to be the initial country that completely count on renewable resource.




By 2020, Sweden will certainly increase its proportion of renewable resource to 50%, the use proportion of renewable resource in transport industry to 10%, energy performance by 20%, and also reduced the discharge of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel incentive policy

Sweden has accomplished high cost acquisition, investment subsidies, tax decrease as well as exemption, quota system and also various other biomass energy motivation policy.



Considering that 1975, Sweden spends 36 million Euro from government spending plan to support biomass technology advancement. From 1997 to 2002, the government supplied 25% investment aid to biomass cogeneration projects. From 2004-2006, the federal government supplied 1350 Euros for locals who make use of biomass furnace.



Sweden usually lay high tax on fuels, powers, CO2, SO2, etc. To promote the growth of biomass energy, to exempt all taxes on biomass jobs. In 1991, Sweden federal government begins to lay tax obligation on CO2 exhaust, which makes the rate of oil and also fossil fuel surge. A lot of warmth supply center and nuclear power plant changes from fossil fuel to biomass fuel.



To encourage the nuclear power plant to use biomass energy, Sweden federal government introduced electrical power quota system. This policy requires the power vendors to have particular section of electrical power produced by renewable resource. For poultry feed pellet machine , the federal government will provide tax alleviation based upon the biomass power quantity.



Sweden wood pellet fuel melting device

Sweden wood pellet melting innovation remains in the leading placement. There have actually mored than 20 pellet burner makers, over 50 types of wood pellet boilers, 120,000 collections of pellet boilers, 20,000 sets of pellet ranges. As there are still numerous households making use of electric heating, the pellet boilers have massive capacity.



Sweden pellet burning tools has central heating boiler and also biomass range 2 types.



Central home heating central heating boiler can be made use of in 1 or even more family members. The thermal send with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be readjusted by 30% -100% according to requirements. The main heating central heating boilers likewise has 2 kinds. The combined central heating boiler is connected by a pellet heater as well as a basic central heating boiler. The boiler can connect with numerous burners. The incorporated boilers are mainly imported from Austria as well as Germany, some generated by residential makers.



Biomass ranges or furnace

Biomass stoves additionally has 2 kinds. Independent pellet stove as well as Smokeshaft item type heating system. The former on is more preferred. The independent pellet cooktop has a pellet supply container inside, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day usage.



Biomass pellet cooktop can understand automated filling as well as burning. Based upon various feeding approach, pellet ranges has top feed, lower feed as well as straight feed 3 types. Leading feed pellet ranges are the most prominent. Owing to high benefit and sanitation, tiny pellet stoves market well in the last few years.



Functions of Sweden biomass fuel market

Sweden has rich forestry sources as well as bountiful forestry waste, which come to be the major resources for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet sector has actually been fully advertised. The majority of makers are huge as well as average companies, with mature technology. Small wood pellet manufacturing facilities are primarily improve chipboard, furniture and also saw mills.

The federal government has actually made thorough legislations and policies to drive the wood pellet manufacturing. This is why the wood pellet sector creates quickly considering that the 1990s.

Requirement for wood pellet fuel maintain enhancing. In the 1990s, Sweden released the criterion for wood pellets, as well as gauged the strategy date of pellet fuel and also heaters.

Mature burning innovation as well as equipment. In the last few years, Sweden's manufacturing of pellet central heating boiler and pellet home heating stoves keep raising.

Perfect quality assurance system. Sweden federal government stipulated that the wood pellet fuel as well as burning equipment must get third-party screening accreditations before getting in the market.



Verdict

Sweden is a significant wood pellet fuel producer and consumer worldwide. Biomass power plays a vital duty in its manufacturing as well as way of life. Around the world, biomass pellets are going to play a more vital duty in home heating supply, power generation, and industrial production.


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