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Alpha-ketoglutarate attenuates dangerous outcomes of salt nitroprusside as well as bleach within Drosophila melanogaster.
RESULTS Increase in emotional vitality was associated with a lower mean level of AL, while the AL slope was not markedly affected. Among the included risk markers, only IL-6 was weakly associated with changes in emotional vitality, with a 7% reduced risk of high levels of IL-6 pr. one-unit increase in emotional vitality. CONCLUSION This study found that an increase in emotional vitality was associated with subsequent lower levels, but not rate of change, of AL over time. Further research is needed to address the relationship between trajectories of psychological well-being and physiological dysregulation.OBJECTIVE To examine associations among race, the accumulation of multiple forms of discriminatory experiences (i.e., "pervasive discrimination") and allostatic load (AL) in African-Americans and Whites in mid-life. METHODS Using data collected in 2004-2006 from 226 African-American and 978 White adults (57% female; mean age=54.7 years (SD=0.11)) in the Midlife in the United States II (MIDUS II) Biomarker Project, a pervasive discrimination score was created by combining three discrimination scales, and an AL score was created based on 24 biomarkers representing 7 physiological systems. Linear regression models were conducted to examine the association between pervasive discrimination and AL, adjusting for demographics and medical, behavioral, and personality covariates. A race by pervasive discrimination interaction was also examined in order to determine whether associations varied by race. RESULTS African-Americans had higher pervasive discrimination and AL scores than Whites. In models adjusted for demographics, socioeconomic status, medications, health behaviors, neuroticism and negative affect, a pervasive discrimination score of 2 vs. 0 was associated with a greater AL score (b=0.30; SE=0.07, p less then .001). While associations appeared to be stronger among African-Americans as compared to Whites, associations did not statistically differ by race. CONCLUSIONS More pervasive discrimination was related to greater multisystemic physiological dysregulation in a cohort of African-American and White adults. Measuring discrimination by combining multiple forms of discriminatory experiences may be important for studying the health effects of discrimination.BACKGROUND Diabetes self-management and glycemic control are suboptimal among Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes with a large proportion of patients identified with metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVES Based on social cognitive theory, this study examines the effect of selected personal, behavioral, and environmental factors on self-management behaviors, glycemic control, metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 207 Chinese with Type 2 diabetes living in a suburban area of Beijing, China. Regression models were applied to examine the effect of selected personal, behavioral, and environmental factors on self-management behaviors, glycemic control, and metabolic syndrome. The relationship among individual self-management behaviors, glycemic control, and metabolic syndrome was also examined. RESULTS Self-efficacy was significantly associated with all self-management behaviors. Social support was related to overall self-management, diabetes knowledge was related to diet, and depressive symptoms was related to self-monitoring. Problem-solving and self-management behaviors related to medication adherence and diet were significant correlates of glycemic control. Health literacy and self-management behaviors related to physical activity were correlates of metabolic syndrome. DISCUSSION Findings suggest that a multifactorial approach may be beneficial when providing care for Chinese with Type 2 diabetes. In addition, these findings provide support for developing and testing tailored interventions that address problem-solving, health literacy, and self-efficacy, among other factors, to help patients achieve optimal glycemic control and thereby reduce their risk for metabolic syndrome and related complications.BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment frequently represents a predementia stage of Alzheimer's disease. Although obstructive sleep apnea is increasingly recognized as a common comorbidity of mild cognitive impairment, most apnea research has focused on middle-aged adults with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea. Mild obstructive sleep apnea, defined as 5-14 apneas or hypopneas per hour slept, is common in older adults. Little is known about the effect on cognition of adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in older adults with mild obstructive sleep apnea and mild cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the effect of CPAP adherence on cognition in older adults with mild obstructive sleep apnea and mild cognitive impairment. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of data from Memories 1, a 1-year quasiexperimental clinical trial on the effect of CPAP adherence in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and obstcipants improved on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, whereas six worsened or were unchanged. LY2880070 order Twelve participants rated themselves as improved on the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression of Change Scale, whereas three reported their status as worsened or unchanged. The mild cognitive impairment + CPAP group had greater than an eightfold increased odds of improving on the Clinical Dementia Rating and greater than a ninefold increased odds of improving on the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression of Change Scale, compared to the mild cognitive impairment - CPAP group. DISCUSSION CPAP adherence may be a promising intervention for slowing cognitive decline in older adults with mild obstructive sleep apnea and mild cognitive impairment. A larger, adequately powered study is needed.OBJECTIVE Intermittent hypoxia (IH)-a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-enhances lung cancer progression in mice via altered host immune responses that are also age and sex-dependent. link2 However, the interactions of menopause with IH on tumor malignant properties remain unexplored. Here, we aimed to investigate lung cancer outcomes in the context of ovariectomy (OVX)-induced menopause in a murine model of OSA. METHODS Thirty-four female mice (C57BL/6, 12-week-old) were subjected to bilateral OVX or to Sham intervention. Six months after surgery, mice were pre-exposed to either IH or room air (RA) for 2 weeks. Then, 10 lung carcinoma (LLC1) cells were injected subcutaneously in the left flank, with IH or RA exposures continued for 4 weeks. Tumor weight, tumor invasion, and spontaneous lung metastases were assessed. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were isolated and subjected to flow cytometry polarity evaluation along with assessment of TAMs modulation of LLC1 proliferation in vitro. To determine the effect of IH and OVX on each experimental variable, a two-way analysis of variance was performed. RESULTS IH and OVX promoted a similar increase in tumor growth (∼2-fold; P = 0.05 and ∼1.74-fold; P  less then  0.05, respectively), and OVX-IH further increased it. Regarding lung metastasis, the concurrence of OVX in mice exposed to IH enhanced the number of metastases (23.7 ± 8.0) in comparison to those without OVX (7.9 ± 2.8; P  less then  0.05). The pro-tumoral phenotype of TAMS, assessed as M2/M1 ratio, was increased in OVX (0.06 ± 0.01; P  less then  0.01) and IH (0.06 ± 0.01; P  less then  0.01) compared with sham/RA conditions (0.14 ± 0.03). The co-culture of TAMS with naive LLC1 cells enhanced their proliferation only under IH. CONCLUSION In female mice, both the IH that is characteristically present in OSA and OVX as a menopause model emerge as independent contributors that promote lung cancer aggressiveness and seemingly operate through alterations in the host immune response.Climate change is known to impact men and women differently and yet how it will change the health impact of menopause, specifically hot flashes, has not been well researched or understood. Given the duration of symptoms, the high number of women suffering from them, and the associated consequences, any marginal change in incidence due to climate change could result in a very large number of women being affected. Global health systems need to be prepared for this and ensure that gendered issues like menopause do not fall through the cracks as we prepare for our future climate. Video Summaryhttp//links.lww.com/MENO/A549.OBJECTIVE We designed a survey study to assess the presence and severity of climacteric symptoms, in addition to better understand patients' knowledge and understanding of hormone therapy (HT). METHODS We administered a 23-question survey during a patient's clinic visit or over the phone. Study enrollment spanned from March, 2019 to May, 2019. link3 The primary outcomes were severity of menopausal symptoms and willingness to try HT, calculated as a summarized overall score. Chi-square and logistic regression were used for analysis. RESULTS Our response rate was 38% (n = 34). Our participants were diverse-67% women were black and 21% women were Hispanic. Stage 1 and 2 disease was reported in 32% and 41% of women. Also, 82% and 94% of women reported ever receiving any chemotherapy or radiation therapy. There was no association between willingness to try HT for relief of menopausal symptoms and income (χ [1, 29] = 0.56, P = 0.81) or education level (χ [1, 29] = 2.78, P = 0.10). The most common climacteric symptoms experienced were hot flushes (85%) and decreased libido (77%). Neither symptom severity (odds ratio [OR] 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-1.94) nor concern for side effects (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.82-1.36) of HT significantly predicted willingness to try HT. CONCLUSIONS Menopausal symptoms were prevalent in this population. Our data indicate that women are experiencing climacteric symptoms, but are overall unmotivated to address symptoms using HT. Factors such as symptom severity, fear of side effects, income level, or education level were not associated with acceptability of HT for premature menopause.OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of interferential current (IC) in the sexual function of women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) using systemic hormone therapy (HT), compared to topical estriol. METHODS A randomized clinical trial with 40 women with POI using systemic HT, who were sexually active and referred for dyspareunia and reduction of lubrication. The women were divided into two treatment groups for 4 weeks IC group (eight electrotherapy sessions twice a week); or E group (estriol vaginal cream, daily application, 0.5 mg/d). The Female Sexual Function Index was used to evaluate pre-/posttreatment sexual function. RESULTS Mean age was 37.13 ± 7.27 years and mean treatment time with HT was 8.20 ± 8.73 years, similar data for both groups. There was an improvement in global sexual function, lubrication, and pain domains for both treatments. The differences between the pre-/posttreatment lubrication scores were respectively 0.75 ± 3.31 (P = 0.014) for IC and 1.16 ± 1.22 (P  less then  0.
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