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Mental health of college students in comparison to non-students through COVID-19 lockdown: your CONFINS review.
Growing evidence is showing that acetylation plays an essential role in cancer, but studies on the impact of KDAC inhibition (KDACi) on the metabolic profile are still in their infancy. Here, we analyzed, by using an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach, the changes in the proteome of KRAS-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells in response to trichostatin-A (TSA) and nicotinamide (NAM) under normoxia and hypoxia. Part of this response was further validated by molecular and biochemical analyses and correlated with the proliferation rates, apoptotic cell death, and activation of ROS scavenging mechanisms in opposition to the ROS production. Despite the differences among the KDAC inhibitors, up-regulation of glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid synthesis emerged as a common metabolic response underlying KDACi. We also observed that some of the KDACi effects at metabolic levels are enhanced under hypoxia. Furthermore, we used a drug repositioning machine learning approach to list candidate metabolic therapeutic agents for KRAS mutated NSCLC. Together, these results allow us to better understand the metabolic regulations underlying KDACi in NSCLC, taking into account the microenvironment of tumors related to hypoxia, and bring new insights for the future rational design of new therapies.As a hydrophilic renewable polymer, starch has been widely used in biocompatible plastics as a filler for more than two decades. The present study aimed at investigating the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG), as a plasticizer, on the physicochemical properties of a hybrid composite-polylactic acid (PLA) and thermoplastic starch (TPS). A solvent evaporation process was adopted to gelatinize the starch and disparate PEG contents ranging from 3 to 15 wt.% (with respect to the sample weight) were examined. It was revealed that the increase in the PEG content was accompanied by an increment in the starch gelatinization degree. Referring to the microstructural analyses, the TPS/PLA mixture yielded a ductile hybrid composite with a fine morphology and a uniform phase. Nevertheless, two different solvents, including acetone and ethanol, were used to assess if they had any effect on the hybrid's morphology, tensile strength and thermal properties. It was found that ethanol culminated in a porous hybrid composite with a finer morphology and better starch distribution in the PLA structure than acetone. As the result of PEG addition to the composite, the crystallinity and tensile strength were decreased, whereas the elongation increased. The hydrolytic degradation of samples was assessed under different pH and thermal conditions. Moreover, the microbial degradation of the PLA/TPS hybrid composite containing different PEG molar fractions was investigated in the soil for 45 days. The rate of degradation in both hydrolytic and biodegradation increased in the samples with a higher amount of PEG with ethanol solvent.Sargassum fusiforme, a plant used as a medicine and food, is regarded as a marine vegetable and health supplement to improve life expectancy. Here, we demonstrate that S. fusiforme extract (SFE) has antiviral effects against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in vitro and in vivo mouse model. Treatment of HEp2 cells with a non-cytotoxic concentration of SFE significantly reduced RSV replication, RSV-induced cell death, RSV gene transcription, RSV protein synthesis, and syncytium formation. Moreover, oral inoculation of SFE significantly improved RSV clearance from the lungs of BALB/c mice. Interestingly, the phenolic compounds eicosane, docosane, and tetracosane were identified as active components of SFE. Treatment with a non-cytotoxic concentration of these three components elicited similar antiviral effects against RSV infection as SFE in vitro. Together, these results suggest that SFE and its potential components are a promising natural antiviral agent candidate against RSV infection.This article analyzes the integrated effect of industrial by-products (spent fluidized bed catalytic cracking catalyst waste (FCCCw) and paper sludge waste (PSw) generated in paper manufacturing) combined with nano-SiO2 (NS) on the properties of cement binder, when a certain part of the binder is replaced with the said by-products in the cement mix. Standard testing methods were used to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of cement-based materials. For structure analysis, we used X-ray diffraction (XRD), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the replacement of cement by a combined additive of FCCCw, PSw and NS is important not only for ecological reasons (abatement of CO2 emissions and recovery of waste through secondary raw materials), but also in order to enhance the properties of cement-based binders. Presumably, higher amounts of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and calcium alumina silicate hydrate (CASH) in the compound binder are the result of the low content of portlandite and alite in the test specimens. The specimens modified with all three additives had the highest density (~2100 kg/m3), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) (~4160 m/s) and compressive strength (~105 MPa), which was ~40% higher than in the control specimens. The average pore diameter of the complex binder decreased by 21%, whereas the median pore diameter decreased by 47%.A study was undertaken in the villages of Korea and Bastar district (Chhattisgarh) during the years 2012-2015 to investigate the bionomics of malaria vectors and the prevalence of their sibling species complexes. Entomological surveys carried out every month included indoor resting collections, pyrethrum spray catches, light trap catches, and insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles culicifacies using World Health Organization (WHO) methods. Anopheles culicifacies and Anopheles fluviatilis species were assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of malaria parasite, and sibling species were identified using PCR and DNA sequencing. A total of 13,186 samples of Anopheles comprising 15 species from Bastar and 16 from Korea were collected. An. Culicifacies was recorded as the most dominant species and also the only active vector at both sites. This species was found to be resistant to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Malathion, showing signs of emerging resistance against pyrethroids. Among the sibling species of An. culicifacies, the group BCE was found in maximum numbers, while sibling species T of the An. fluviatilis was recorded to be dominant among its complex. The study provides a comprehensive view of the vector bionomics in the highly malarious regions of India that may have importance in developing vector control strategies.To date, managing salinity stress in agriculture relies heavily on development of salt tolerant plant varieties, a time-consuming process particularly challenging for many crops. Plant based biostimulants (PBs) that enhance plant defenses under stress can potentially address this drawback, as they are not crop specific and are easy to apply in the field. Unfortunately, limited knowledge about their modes of action makes it harder to utilize them on a broader scale. Understanding how PBs enhance plant defenses at cellular and molecular levels, is a prerequisite for the development of sustainable management practices utilizing biostimulants to improve crop health. In this study we elucidated the protective mechanism of copper chlorophyllin (Cu-chl), a PB, under salinity stress. Our results indicate that Cu-chl exerts protective effects primarily by decreasing oxidative stress through modulating cellular H2O2 levels. Cu-chl treated plants increased tolerance to oxidative stress imposed by an herbicide, methyl viologen dichloride hydrate as well, suggesting a protective role against various sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). RNA-Seq analysis of Cu-chl treated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings subjected to salt stress identified genes involved in ROS detoxification, and cellular growth.We explored online search interest in dieting and weight loss using big-data analysis with a view to its potential utility in global obesity prevention efforts. We applied big-data analysis to the global dieting trends collected from Google and Naver search engines from January 2004 to January 2018 using the search term "diet," in selected six Northern and Southern Hemisphere countries; five Arab and Muslim countries grouped as conservative, semi-conservative, and liberal; and South Korea. Using cosinor analysis to evaluate the periodic flow of time series data, there was seasonality for global search interest in dieting and weight loss (amplitude = 6.94, CI = 5.33~8.56, p less then 0.000) with highest in January and the lowest in December for both Northern and Southern Hemisphere countries. Seasonal dieting trend in the Arab and Muslim countries was present, but less remarkable (monthly seasonal seasonality, amplitude = 4.07, CI = 2.20~5.95, p less then 0.000). For South Korea, seasonality was noted on Naver (amplitude = 11.84, CI = 7.62~16.05, p less then 0.000). Our findings suggest that big-data analysis of social media can be an adjunct in tackling important public health issues like dieting, weight loss, obesity, and food fads, including the optimal timing of interventions.In this study, we fabricated a nanoporous oxide layer by anodization to improve corrosion resistance of type 304 stainless steel (SS) gas tungsten arc weld (GTAW). Subsequent heat treatment was performed to eliminate any existing fluorine in the nanoporous oxide layer. Uniform structures and compositions were analyzed with field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) measurements. The corrosion resistance of the treated SS was evaluated by applying a potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Surface morphologies of welded SS with and without treatment were examined to compare their corrosion behaviors. All results indicate that corrosion resistance was enhanced, making the treatment process highly promising.Is it possible to improve the efficiency of bioremediation technologies? The use of mixed cultures of bacteria and fungi inoculated at the rhizosphere level could promote the growth of the associated hyperaccumulating plant species and increase the absorption of metals in polluted soils, broadening new horizons on bioremediation purposes. read more This work investigates interactions between Ni-tolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi (BF) isolated from the rhizosphere of a hyperaccumulating plant. The aim is to select microbial consortia with synergistic activity to be used in integrated bioremediation protocols. Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf), Streptomyces vinaceus (Sv) Penicilliumochrochloron (Po), and Trichoderma harzianum group (Th) were tested in mixes (Po-Sv, Po-Pf, Th-Pf, and Th-Sv). These strains were submitted to tests (agar overlay, agar plug, and distance growth co-growth tests), tailored for this aim, on Czapek yeast agar (CYA) and tryptic soy agar (TSA) media and incubated at 26 ± 1 °C for 10 days.
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