Notes

TGFβ signalling is needed to preserve pluripotency involving human being naïve pluripotent base cells.
5%, 14.3%, and 14.3% (p=0.822), respectively at the end of the first day after intubation; it was 83.3%, 12.5%, 28.6%, and 25.7% (p=0.001), respectively, at the end of the second day; it was 83.3%, 12.5%, 42.9%, and 42.9% (p=0.015), respectively, until the end of the fourth day; it was 100%, 25%, 61.9%, and 65.7% (p=0.007), respectively, until the end of the seventh day. Admission to intubation time interval was 0.91±0.99, 3.12±1.95, 4.09±2.44, and 4.74±2.62 days, respectively (p less then 0.001). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the use of etomidate may be associated with higher mortality in COVID-19 patients. Further studies are needed to verify the results of this study.Background Dietary patterns and diet quality index (DQI) are widely discussed in relation with different health conditions and have recently been taken into consideration for all cancer types. Since chronic inflammation has been recognized as an important biologic risk factor for cancer occurrence, especially in epithelial tissues, proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory characteristics of diet has become the center of attention. In the present study, we aimed to identify whether a specific dietary pattern, Mediterranean dietary score (MDs), and dietary inflammatory index (DII) were associated with overall cancer risk in Iranian population. Methods This study was performed in the context of the Golestan cohort study. Participants with extreme daily energy intake or those who did not answer more than 30 question of the Food Frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were excluded. Dietary patterns, MDs, and DII were measured from FFQ. Age, sex, total energy, place of residence, smoking, wealth score, ethnicity, opiate use, BMter further adjustments ((HRs =1.19, CI 1.05-1.35, P trend less then 0.001). Conclusion Cancer is highly correlated to dietary intake and dietary patterns, such as the Western dietary pattern, while the Mediterranean diet score was inversely associated with cancer risk. Further investigations are required to get a broader insight into cancer determinants in population.Background Despite studies about anxiety in the older adult, the prevalence of anxiety in this age group is not exactly clear, which may be due to the use of tools and criteria that were not born for this age group. One of the instruments designed to assess anxiety in the elderly is the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI). The aim of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-PV) and its short form (GAI-PV-SF) in a sample of older adults in Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 150 community-dwelling and a psychogeriatric sample of 48 adults older than 60 years completed the GAI-PV and GAI-PV-SF, the anxiety sub-scale of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Different types of validity and reliability were evaluated for GAI-PV and GAI-PV-SF using SPSS and the LISREL software. Results Both the GAI-PV and GAI-PV-SF exhibited excellent internal consistency (over 80 %) and desirable concurrent validity against GHQ-28 and GDS-15. The optimal cutpoint score to detect current generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was 10/11 and 13/14 for GAI-PV in the community-dwelling and psychogeriatric samples, respectively, and 3/4 for GAI-PV-SF in both study samples. Good test-retest reliability (correlation coefficient 0.96 and 0.88 for GAI-PV and GAI-PV-SF, respectively) and a single-factor structure were also demonstrated. Conclusion Sound psychometric properties of the GAI-PV in both subsamples suggest that the instrument could be used successfully as an accurate screening instrument in the elderly Iranian population.Background Tuberculosis (TB) is still a serious health problem with a remarkable global burden. In this study, we aimed to assess the trend of TB mortality in Asian and North African countries in the period 1990-2017 and provide a new classification according to TB mortality trend. Methods TB mortality rates from 1990 to 2017 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease website for 55 Asian and North African countries. Trend analysis of TB mortality rates for males, females, and the total population was performed using the marginal modeling approach. Moreover, the latent growth mixture modeling (LGMM) framework was applied to classify these 55 countries based on their trend of TB mortality rate. Results In the period between 1990 and 2017, South Asia and High Income Asia-Pacific regions had the highest and lowest death rates due to TB, respectively. The marginal modeling results showed that the Asian and North African countries had experienced a downward trend with an intercept of 28.79 (95%CI 19.64, 37.94) and a slope (mean annual reduction) of -0.67 (95%CI -0.91, -0.43) per 100,000 the study period. Finally, the LGMM analysis classified these 55 countries into four distinct classes. Conclusion In general, our findings revealed that although the countries in Asia and North Africa super region experienced a descending TB mortality trend in the past decades, the slope of this reduction is quite small. Also, our new classification may be better suited for combating TB through future healthcare planning in lieu of the commonly used geographic classifications.Background Happiness, a factor in social, political, and economic development, leads to higher performance, increase in production, and great efficiency. The goal of this study was to assess the level of happiness in Iran's work communities. Methods In this cross-sectional survey study, we randomly selected 13842 people from 380 workplaces in 31 provinces of Iran. Trained interviewers based on structured questionnaires collected data. Reliability of the questionnaire determined by using internal consistency. Collected data were analyzed through SPSS 16 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and the charts and tables were prepared to indicate each province's happiness level and the national mean. Results Average age of employees was 35.4±7.78 years. The majority of the respondents were male(n=11835, 85.5%), had finished middle/secondary school (n=7142, 51.6%) and were married (n=11323, 81.8%). The level of happiness varied from the highest value 148.97±21.49 in Boushehr Province and the lowest 130.39± 25.28 in Hormozgan Province. The mean ± SD value of happiness in the work communities of Iran was 141.22±22.89. Conclusion Policymakers should consider workers' happiness as an effective factor in production and efficiency.Background Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the most prevalent digestive system- related cancer and has become one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. Given the poor prognosis of CRC, it is of great importance to make a more accurate prediction of this disease. Early CRC detection using computational technologies can significantly improve the overall survival possibility of patients. Hence this study was aimed to develop a fuzzy logic-based clinical decision support system (FL-based CDSS) for the detection of CRC patients. Methods This study was conducted in 2020 using the data related to CRC and non-CRC patients, which included the 1162 cases in the Masoud internal clinic, Tehran, Iran. The chi-square method was used to determine the most important risk factors in predicting CRC. Furthermore, the C4.5 decision tree was used to extract the rules. Finally, the FL-based CDSS was designed in a MATLAB environment and its performance was evaluated by a confusion matrix. Results Eleven features were selected as the most important factors. After fuzzification of the qualitative variables and evaluation of the decision support system (DSS) using the confusion matrix, the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of the system was yielded 0.96, 0.97, and 0.96, respectively. Conclusion We concluded that developing the CDSS in this field can provide an earlier diagnosis of CRC, leading to a timely treatment, which could decrease the CRC mortality rate in the community.Background eHealth has a notable potential to help in prevention, diagnosis, treatment, screening, management, and control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Since ehealth is considered here broadly, as an umbrella term, it also covers subsets like telehealth and mhealth. This study aimed to review the literature to identify and classify subdomains of eHealth solutions that have been utilized, developed, or suggested for the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed using the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane library databases in April 2020, with no time limitation. The search strategy was built based on 2 concept domains of eHealth solutions and covid-19. For each concept domain, the search query comprised a combination of free text keywords identified from reference papers and controlled vocabulary terms. Obtained results were classified, graphically presented, and discussed. Results Of the 423 studies identified initially, 35 were included in this study. From related papers, gene used for a better understanding of current ehealth solutions provided or recommended in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive and common autoimmune disease with multifactorial etiology. Several pieces of research show that genetic factors play a major role in the incidence of RA. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified the tumor necrosis factor alpha inducible protein 3 (TNFAIP3) genes as one of the candidate loci. The TNFAIP3 gene encoding ubiquitin-editing protein A20 witch restricts B cell survival and prevents autoimmunity. Previous studies have indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNFAIP3 gene are correlated with several autoimmune disorders. In the present study, we assessed the possible association between SNP rs5029937 (intronic variant) in the TNFAIP3 gene with RA risk in the Iranian population. Methods A case-control study using 50 RA patients and 50 control subjects was undertaken to evaluate rs5029937 (G>T) genotypes using real-time PCR high resolution melting method (HRM). Crenolanib The SPSS22 was used for statistical analyses and the significance level was set at PT) polymorphism and RA risk in Iranian population.Background Estimation of the survival of very preterm infants is necessary to make decisions and design interventions in order to improve their quality of care. This survey aimed to estimate the survival of very preterm infants born at 23 up to 33 weeks of gestational age (GA) in Iran. Methods This population-based retrospective cohort study included 8536 infants born before 33 weeks of GA, from March 21st to December 22nd 2013 in Iran. The primary data were extracted from the Iranian national maternal and neonatal registration network (IMAN). All infants who have been discharged alive, followed up by telephone contact up to one year after birth. The Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests were performed to estimate survival and to compare survivals, respectively, using SPSS version 26 and R 3.5.2 softwares. Results The overall survival was estimated at 56.70% (95% C.I 55.60%-57.80%) at the end of the follow-up period. Total death rate was estimated at 43.30% and was significantly decreased with increasing birth weight (p less then 0.
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