Notes

Performance of an nurse-led hospital-to-home transitional attention input pertaining to older adults along with multimorbidity as well as depressive signs: A pragmatic randomized governed tryout.
Patients with at least one complication had higher overall AFG volume (median, 200 vs.130ml, p=0.03) and number of sessions (mean, 2.4 vs.1.8, p=0.009) compared to those without any postoperative complication.

The decision for which processing system to use for autologous fat grafting should be based on surgeon preference as overall complication rates were comparable between two commonly used commercially available systems. Future studies are underway to decipher whether either system has superior graft retention, cosmetic or patient reported outcomes.
The decision for which processing system to use for autologous fat grafting should be based on surgeon preference as overall complication rates were comparable between two commonly used commercially available systems. Future studies are underway to decipher whether either system has superior graft retention, cosmetic or patient reported outcomes.Low mobility during hospitalization poses risks of functional decline and other poor outcomes for older adults. Given the pervasiveness of this problem, low mobility during hospitalization was first described as 'dangerous' in 1947 and later described as an epidemic. Hospitals have made considerable progress over the last half-century and the last two decades in particular, however, the COVID-19 pandemic presents serious new challenges that threaten to undermine recent efforts and progress towards a culture of mobility. In this special article, we address the question of how to confront an epidemic of immobility within a pandemic. We identify 4 specific problems for creating and advancing a culture of mobility posed by COVID-19 social distancing and policies restricting patient movement, personnel constraints, PPE shortages, and increased patient hesitancy to ambulate. We also propose 4 specific solutions to address these problems. These approaches will help support a culture of healthy mobility during and after hospitalization and help patients to keep moving during the pandemic and beyond.
Microbial derived-bile acids can modulate host gene expression, and their fecal abundance is decreased in active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We analyzed the impact of endoscopic inflammation on microbial genes involved in bile acid biotransformation, and their interaction with host transcriptome in the intestinal mucosa of IBD patients.

Endoscopic mucosal biopsies were collected from non-inflamed and inflamed terminal ileum, ascending and sigmoid colon of IBD patients. Prediction of imputed metagenome functional content from 16S rRNA profile and real-time qPCR were utilized to assess microbial bile acid biotransformation gene abundance, and RNA-seq was used for host transcriptome analysis. Linear regression and partial Spearman correlation accounting for age, sex and IBD type were used to assess the association between microbial genes, inflammation and host transcriptomics in each biopsy location. A Bayesian network (BN) analysis was fitted to infer the direction of interactions between IBD traits, microbial and host genes.

Inferred microbial gene pathway involved in secondary bile acid biosynthesis (ko00121 pathway) was depleted in inflamed terminal ileum of IBD patients compared to non-inflamed tissue. In non-inflamed sigmoid colon, the relative abundance of bile acid-inducible (baiCD) microbial genes was positively correlated with the host Angiopoietin-like 4 (Angptl4) gene expression. The BN analysis suggests that the microbial baiCD gene abundance could affect Angptl4 expression, and this interaction appears to be lost in the presence of inflammation.

Endoscopic inflammation affects the abundance of crucial microbial bile acid-metabolizing genes and their interaction with Angptl4 in intestinal mucosa of IBD patients.
Endoscopic inflammation affects the abundance of crucial microbial bile acid-metabolizing genes and their interaction with Angptl4 in intestinal mucosa of IBD patients.
Secondary metabolites are integral to multiple key plant processes growth regulation, pollinator attraction, interactions with conspecifics, competitors and symbionts, yet their role in plant adaptation remains an underexplored area of research. Carnivorous plants use secondary metabolites to acquire nutrients from prey, but the extent of the role of secondary metabolites in plant carnivory is not known. We aimed to determine the extent of the role of secondary metabolites in facilitating carnivory of the Cape sundew, Drosera capensis.

We conducted metabolomic analysis of 72 plants in a time-series experiment before and after simulated prey capture. We used UHPLC-MS/MS and retention time index to identify compounds in the leaf trap tissue which changed up to 72 hrs following simulated prey capture. We identified associated metabolic pathways, and cross-compared these compounds to metabolites previously known to be involved in carnivorous plants across taxa.

For the first time in a carnivorous plant, we in plant carnivory to an extent greater than previously thought-we found a whole metabolome response to prey capture. Plant carnivory, at the metabolic level, likely evolved from at least two distinct functions-attraction and defence. Findings of this study support the hypothesis that secondary metabolites play an important role in plant diversification and adaptation to new environments.
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is recommended for patients with type 1 diabetes; observational evidence for CGM in patients with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes is lacking.

To estimate clinical outcomes of real-time CGM initiation.

Exploratory retrospective cohort study of changes in outcomes associated with real-time CGM initiation, estimated using a difference-in-differences analysis. A total of 41 753 participants with insulin-treated diabetes (5673 type 1; 36 080 type 2) receiving care from a Northern California integrated health care delivery system (2014-2019), being treated with insulin, self-monitoring their blood glucose levels, and having no prior CGM use were included.

Initiation vs noninitiation of real-time CGM (reference group).

Ten end points measured during the 12 months before and 12 months after baseline hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c); hypoglycemia (emergency department or hospital utilization); hyperglycemia (emergency department or hospital utilization); HbA1c levels lower than 7%, g compared with noninitiators had significant improvements in hemoglobin A1c and reductions in emergency department visits and hospitalizations for hypoglycemia, but no significant change in emergency department visits or hospitalizations for hyperglycemia or for any reason. Because of the observational study design, findings may have been susceptible to selection bias.
In this retrospective cohort study, insulin-treated patients with diabetes selected by physicians for real-time continuous glucose monitoring compared with noninitiators had significant improvements in hemoglobin A1c and reductions in emergency department visits and hospitalizations for hypoglycemia, but no significant change in emergency department visits or hospitalizations for hyperglycemia or for any reason. Because of the observational study design, findings may have been susceptible to selection bias.Circular RNA (circRNA) plays an important role in the progression of sepsis. Circ_0091702 has been found to be an important regulator of sepsis progression, so its role and mechanism in sepsis progression deserve to be further explored. LPS could suppress cell viability, while enhance cell apoptosis and inflammation to induce cell injury. Circ_0091702 was downregulated in LPS-induced HK2 cells, and its overexpression alleviated LPS-induced cell injury. MiR-182 could be sponged by circ_0091702. Moreover, miR-182 inhibitor could relieve LPS-induced cell injury, and its overexpression also reversed the inhibition of circ_0091702 on LPS-induced cell injury. PDE7A was a target of miR-182, and its expression was reduced in LPS-induced HK2 cells. Additionally, silencing of PDE7A reversed the suppressive effect of circ_0091702 on LPS-induced cell injury. Our data suggested that circ_0091702 sponged miR-182 to regulate PDE7A, thereby alleviating LPS-induced cell injury in sepsis.Amyloid beta (Aβ) 42 peptide accumulated in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients' brain, often colocalized with serine protease inhibitor family A member 3 (SERPINA3). Being a chaperon, SERPINA3 accelerated Aβ42 fibrillization. While analyzing chaperon activity of human SERPINA3 polymorphisms, we found SERPINA3-R124C played a role in protecting cells from Aβ42 cytotoxicity. SH-SY5Y cells exposed to Aβ42 preincubated with wild-type SERPINA3 (SERPINA3-WT) resulted in extended toxicity leading cell death whereas Aβ42 with SERPINA3-R124C resulted in less cytotoxicity. Transmission electron microscope and thioflavin T assay revealed that SERPINA3-R124C shortened lifetime of small soluble oligomer and maintained β-sheet rich protofibril-like aggregates for longer time compared to that of with SERPINA3-WT. Western blot assay confirmed that SERPINA3-R124C converted Aβ42 mostly into high molecular aggregates. read more Here, we demonstrate first time that polymorphic SERPINA3 acts as a benign chaperon by modulating the transition states of Aβ42, which may contribute to the reduction of AD risk.
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to be beneficial for adults with type 2 diabetes using intensive insulin therapy, but its use in type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin without prandial insulin has not been well studied.

To determine the effectiveness of CGM in adults with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin without prandial insulin in primary care practices.

This randomized clinical trial was conducted at 15 centers in the US (enrollment from July 30, 2018, to October 30, 2019; follow-up completed July 7, 2020) and included adults with type 2 diabetes receiving their diabetes care from a primary care clinician and treated with 1 or 2 daily injections of long- or intermediate-acting basal insulin without prandial insulin, with or without noninsulin glucose-lowering medications.

Random assignment 21 to CGM (n = 116) or traditional blood glucose meter (BGM) monitoring (n = 59).

The primary outcome was hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level at 8 months. Key secondary outcomes were CGvere hypoglycemic events occurred in 1 participant (1%) in the CGM group and in 1 (2%) in the BGM group.

Among adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin without prandial insulin, continuous glucose monitoring, as compared with blood glucose meter monitoring, resulted in significantly lower HbA1c levels at 8 months.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03566693.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03566693.XynR is a thermophilic and alkaline GH10 xylanase, identified in the culture broth of alkaliphilic and thermophilic Bacillus sp. strain TAR-1. We previously selected S92E as a thermostable variant from a site saturation mutagenesis library. Here, we attempted to select the alkaliphilic XynR variant from the library and isolated T315N. In the hydrolysis of beechwood xylan, T315N and S92E/T315N exhibited a broader bell-shaped pH-dependent activity than the wild-type (WT) XynR and S92E. The optimal pH values of T315N and S92E/T315N were 6.5-9.5 while those of WT and S92E were 6.5-8.5. On the other hand, T315N and S92E/T315N exhibited a narrower bell-shaped pH dependence of stability the pHs at which the activity was stable after the incubation at 37 °C for 24 h were 6.0-8.5 for T315N and S92E/T315N, but 6.0-10.0 for WT and S92E. These results indicated that the mutation of Thr315 to Asn increased the alkaliphily but decreased the alkaline resistance.
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