Notes

Considering digging in xylooligosaccharides straight into alginate-gelatin hydrogels.
Thus, in the case of SnO2/AgNPs reference sample the chemical sensitization mechanism is more possible, while for SnO2/AgL1 and SnO2/AgL2 composites the electronic sensitization mechanism contributes more in gas sensor properties. The obtained results show that composites based on nanocrystalline SnO2 and Ag(I) organic complexes can enhance the selective detection of H2S.Polysilazane-based double layer composite coatings consisting of a polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) bond-coat and a PDC top-coat that contains ceramic passive and glass fillers were developed. To investigate the environmental protection ability of the prepared coatings, quasi-dynamic corrosion tests under hydrothermal conditions were conducted at 200 °C for 48-192 h. The tested PDC coatings exhibited significant mass loss of up to 2.25 mg/cm2 after 192 h of corrosion tests, which was attributed to the leaching of elements from the PDC coatings to the corrosion medium. Analysis of corrosion solutions by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) confirmed the presence of Ba, Al, Si, Y, Zr, and Cr, the main component of the steel substrate, in the corrosion medium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the corroded surfaces revealed randomly distributed globular crystallites approximately 3.5 µm in diameter. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) of the precipitates showed the presence of Ba, Al, Si, and O. The predominant phases detected after corrosion tests by X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD) were monoclinic and cubic ZrO2, originating from the used passive fillers. In addition, the crystalline phase of BaAl2Si2O8 was also identified, which is in accordance with the results of EDXS analysis of the precipitates formed on the coating surface.The biocompatibility and degradation behavior of pure molybdenum (Mo) as a bioresorbable metallic material (BMM) for implant applications were investigated. In vitro degradation of a commercially available Mo wire (ø250 µm) was examined after immersion in modified Kokubo's SBF for 28 days at 37 °C and pH 7.4. For assessment of in vivo degradation, the Mo wire was implanted into the abdominal aorta of female Wistar rats for 3, 6 and 12 months. Microstructure and corrosion behavior were analyzed by means of SEM/EDX analysis. After explantation, Mo levels in serum, urine, aortic vessel wall and organs were investigated via ICP-OES analysis. Furthermore, histological analyses of the liver, kidneys, spleen, brain and lungs were performed, as well as blood count and differentiation by FACS analysis. Levels of the C-reactive protein were measured in blood plasma of all the animals. In vitro and in vivo degradation behavior was very similar, with formation of uniform, non-passivating and dissolving product layers wite control group. The C-reactive protein levels were similar between all the groups, indicating no inflammation processes. These findings suggest that dissolved Mo from a degrading implant is physiologically transported and excreted. Furthermore, radiographic and µCT analyses revealed excellent radiopacity of Mo in tissues. These findings and the unique combination with its extraordinary mechanical properties make Mo an interesting alternative for established BMMs.Following the fourth Industrial Revolution, electronic and data-based technology is becoming increasingly developed. However, current research on enhancing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and the physical protection performance of structures incorporating these technologies is insufficient. Therefore, in this study aiming for the improvement of EMI shielding and structural performance of structures, twelve concrete walls were fabricated and tested to determine their shielding effectiveness and drop-weight impact resistance. Concrete walls strengthened by three thickness types of high-strength, high-ductility concrete (HSDC) have been considered. The test results showed that the shielding effectiveness with strengthening thickness increased by approximately 35.6-46.2%. Specimens strengthened by more than 40% and 10% of the strengthening area ratio of single- and double-layer, respectively, exhibited more than 20 dB of shielding effectiveness. Moreover, the relationship between the damaged area ratio and shielding effectiveness was evaluated by means of the drop-weight impact test. The structural performance and EMI shielding effectiveness improved as the HSDC thickness increased.The paper studies nanoparticle formation in a glowing wire generator (GWG), in which the gas carrier flows around heated metal wire, producing aerosols from a vapor released from the surface. The device has been customized, enabling the use of a double-wire in different orientations in regard to the gas flow. Such alterations provided different effective distances between wires enabling investigation of their mutual influence. Concentration of particles produced in the GWG at different parameters (applied voltage and a gas flow) was carefully measured and analysed. Different regimes of a nanoparticle nucleation were identified that resulted from the applied voltage variation and the gas flow direction. In particular, independent nucleation of nanoparticles on both parts of the wire occurred in the wire plane's configuration perpendicular to the gas flow, whilst dependent nucleation of nanoparticles was observed at a certain specific set of parameters in the configuration, in which the wire plane was parallel to the gas flow. Two corresponding functions were introduced in order to quantify those nucleation regimes and they tend to zero when either independent or dependent nucleation occur. The peculiarities found ought to be considered when designing the multi-wire GWGs in order to further extend the device's range for industrial applications.As lignin is becoming more and more attractive to industry and the circular economy continues to grow, the utilization of a byproduct that, to date, has been underrated by the wood industry is investigated as an abundantly available source of lignin. Bark from spruce, larch and beech tress is extracted using the organosolv process with and without prior hot water extraction. The influence of the treatment on chemical properties of the lignin was determined by spectrophotometric, chromatographic, and vibrational spectroscopy. It was found that hot water extraction prior to organosolv extraction influences the chemical composition, antioxidative properties and molecular weight distribution of the obtained extracts. While hot water extracts are rich in flavonoids, organosolv fractions can contain high amounts of organic acids depending on whether they are from a hardwood or softwood source. This investigation lays the foundation for further research into the utilization of byproducts to generate high-value resources.This research aimed to confirm the ability to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by novel composite production using plantation waste on the example of lignocellulosic particles of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.). Furthermore, to characterize the particles produced by re-milled particleboards made of the above-mentioned alternative raw materials in the light of further recycling. As part of the research, particleboards from wooden black chokeberry and raspberry were produced in laboratory conditions, and select mechanical and physical properties were examined. In addition, the characterization of raw materials (particles) on the different processing stages was determined, and the fraction share and shape of particles after re-milling of the produced panels was provided. The tests confirmed the possibility of producing particleboards from the raw materials used; however, in the case of boards with raspberry lignocellulose particles, their share cannot exceed 50% so as to comply with the European standards regarding bending strength criterion. In addition, the further utilization of chips made of re-milled panels can be limited due to the significantly different shape and fraction share of achieved particles.Graphene has numerous outstanding physical properties such as excellent electron mobility, extremely high thermal conductivity, high flexibility, remarkable mechanical strength, and high transparency [...].Aluminium steel clad materials have high potential for industrial applications. Their mechanical properties are governed by an intermetallic layer, which forms upon heat treatment at the Al-Fe interface. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to identify the phases present at the interface by selective area electron diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Three phases were identified orthorhombic Al5Fe2, monoclinic Al13Fe4 and cubic Al19Fe4MnSi2. An effective interdiffusion coefficient dependent on concentration was determined according to the Boltzmann-Matano method. The highest value of the interdiffusion coefficient was reached at the composition of the intermetallic phases. Afterwards, the process of diffusion considering the evaluated interdiffusion coefficient was simulated using the finite element method. Results of the simulations revealed that growth of the intermetallic phases proceeds preferentially in the direction of aluminium.Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are integral to today's industries. Curing or consolidation are vital processes for manufacturing CFRP components. Microwave processing has many advantages compared with conventional processing technologies using ovens or autoclaves; however, the uneven temperature distribution caused by the non-uniform microwave field has a significant influence on the quality of the cured products. In this study, we propose a new idea to solve this problem, i.e., limiting the absorption of hot areas. Under such circumstances, cold ones can catch up with them more easily. To adjust the absorbing capability of the CFRP laminate, periodically arranged metallic resonance structures supported by a dielectric spacer are introduced on its surface. The dielectric spacer, made of epoxy matrix and strontium titanate particles, is designed to possess a dielectric constant positively related to temperatures. In this situation, the microwave absorption (2.45 GHz) of the metal-dielectric-CFRP configuration is changed from 97.6% at room temperature to 55.9% at 150 °C continuously. As a result, a reduction of 43.1% in maximum temperature difference and 89% in standard deviation has been achieved.Several titanium alloys, i.e., grade 2 Ti, Ti6Al4V and NiTi alloy, prepared by selected deformation procedures were subjected to abrasive water jet (AWJ) cutting and subsequently analysed. The study describes samples' preparations and respective material structures. The impact of deformation processing of the selected alloys on the declination angle during cutting, and the results of measurements of surface wall quality performed for the selected samples at the Department of Physics of Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, are presented and discussed, as are also the influences of structural features of the processed titanium alloys on surface qualities of the investigated samples. selleck chemicals The results showed that the highest resistance to AWJ machining exhibited the Ti6Al4V alloy prepared by forward extrusion. Its declination angle (recalculated to the thickness 10 mm to compare all the studied samples) was 12.33° at the traverse speed of 100 mm/min, pumping pressure of 380 MPa, and abrasive mass flow rate of 250 g/min.
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