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Quantitative Evaluation of Women Pattern Hair Loss inside Chinese Women: An initial Examine.
In recent years, the biomass was directly used extensively in agriculture due to its low cost and convenience. Increasingly serious soil pollution of heavy metals may pose threats and risks to human health. Directly addition of biomass to soil may affect the bioavailability and content of heavy metals. Here, we reviewed the impact of direct application of oil cake, manure, sewage sludge, straw and municipal waste to soil on the form and concentration of heavy metals in soil, and also emphasized the role of biomass in soil heavy metals remediation. Heavy metals can be activated in a short term by the content of heavy metals in biomass, the production of low-molecular-weight organic acids by biomass application, and the oxidation of sulfides (except for ammoniation). However, heavy metals in soil can be immobilized by humic substances. These can be produced by biomass during a long-term application to soil. Moreover, the degree of immobilization depended on the kind of biomass. Biomass contaminated by heavy metals cannot be returned to the field directly. Therefore, Mitigating the activation of heavy metals in the early stage of biomass application is meaningful, especially for application of these biomass such as straw, sewage sludge and municipal waste. Future researches should focus on the heavy metal control on direct use of biomass in agricultural.Isoflavones (ISOs) are naturally occurring endocrine-disrupting compounds. EGF816 mw Few human studies have evaluated the effects of ISO exposure on neonatal anthropometry. This study aimed to examine the associations of maternal soy product consumption and urinary ISO concentrations, including genistein, daidzein, glycitein, and equol, with neonatal anthropometry, based on a Chinese cohort study. In Shanghai-Minhang Birth Cohort Study, pregnant women at 12-16 weeks of gestation were recruited, and they completed a structured questionnaire to assess soy product consumption during pregnancy. They also provided a single spot urine sample for the ISO assay. Neonatal anthropometric indices (birth weight; arm, waist, and head circumference; and triceps, back, and abdominal skinfold thickness) were measured at birth. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed among the 1188 mother-infant pairs to examine the associations between maternal soy product consumption and neonatal anthropometry. The same statistical model was applied to examine the associations between maternal ISO exposure and neonatal anthropometry among 480 mother-infant pairs. Neonate girls born to mothers who "sometimes" and "frequent" consumed soy products had 169.1 g (95% confidence interval [CI], -68.9-407.1) and 256.5 g (95% CI, 17.1-495.8) higher birth weight, respectively, than those born to mothers who "never" consumed soy products during pregnancy. We observed consistent associations between higher maternal urine ISO concentrations and increased anthropometric indices (birth weight, arm and waist circumference, and triceps and abdominal skinfold thickness) in neonate girls, while no association was observed among boys. The findings suggested that maternal dietary ISO intake during pregnancy is associated with fetal development in a sex-specific pattern. In addition, follow-up studies are required to evaluate whether the observed changes in anthropometric indices at birth are associated with health conditions later in life.Wild organisms are increasingly exposed to multiple anthropogenic and natural stressors that can interact in complex ways and lead to unexpected effects. In aquatic ecosystems, contamination by trace metals has deleterious effects on fish health and commonly co-occurs with pathogens, which affect similar physiological and behavioral traits. However, the combined effects of metal contamination and parasitism are still poorly known. In addition, the sensitivity to multiple stressors could be highly variable among different fish populations depending on their evolutionary history, but this intraspecific variability is rarely taken into account in existing ecotoxicological studies. Here, we investigated i) the interactive effects of metal contamination (i.e., realistic mixture of Cd, Cu and Zn) and immune challenge mimicking a parasite attack on fish health across biological levels. In addition, we compared ii) the physiological and behavioral responses among five populations of gudgeon fish (Gobio occitaniae) hapredict the effects of environmental contaminants on aquatic wildlife.Biomonitoring of aquatic environments requires new tools to characterize the effects of pollutants on living organisms. Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) from the same site in north-eastern France were caged for two months, upstream and downstream of three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the international watershed of the Meuse (Charleville-Mézières "CM" in France, Namur "Nam" and Charleroi "Cr" in Belgium). The aim was to test 1H-NMR metabolomics for the assessment of water bodies' quality. The metabolomic approach was combined with a more "classical" one, i.e., the measurement of a range of energy biomarkers lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipase, acid phosphatase (ACP) and amylase activities, condition index (CI), total reserves, electron transport system (ETS) activity and cellular energy allocation (CEA). Five of the eight energy biomarkers were significantly impacted (LDH, ACP, lipase, total reserves and ETS), without a clear pattern between sites (Up and Down) and stations (CM, Nam and Cr). The metabolomic approach revealed variations among the three stations, and also between the upstream and downstream of Nam and CM WWTPs. A total of 28 known metabolites was detected, among which four (lactate, glycine, maltose and glutamate) explained the observed metabolome variations between sites and stations, in accordance with chemical exposure levels. Metabolome changes suggest that zebra mussel exposure to field contamination could alter their osmoregulation and anaerobic metabolism capacities. This study reveals that lactate is a potential biomarker of interest, and 1H-NMR metabolomics can be an efficient approach to assess the health status of zebra mussels in the biomonitoring of aquatic environments.Organosilicon has been widely used in various fields of industry and agriculture due to its excellent properties, such as high and low temperature resistance, flame retardant, insulation, radiation resistance and physiological inertia. However, organosilicon toxicity in aquatic animals is seldom known. In this research, two typical silicone or silane coupling agents (KH-560 (3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) and KH-570 (3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane)) were used in a hydroponic experiment to evaluate the effects on survival rate, antioxidant response and gene expression in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Crayfishes were grown in black aquaculture boxes containing different concentrations (0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg L-1) of KH-560 and KH-570 for 72 h, and then crayfish samples were harvested and separated into tissues of carapace, gill and muscle for analysis. The results showed that silicone significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in muscle by 17%-38% except for the treatment of 100 mg L-1 KH-570, and reduced the survival rate of crayfish. Additionally, silicone KH-570 increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) by 15%-31%, 17%-35%, and 9%-46%, as well as the contents of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) by 19%-31%, and 23%-29% respectively, in muscle tissue, and similar results occurred in KH-560. In the carapace, however, SOD activity was significantly decreased at high concentrations level of both silicone treatments. Moreover, silicon (Si) content was higher in the abdominal muscle of crayfish after silicone treatment. Assay of gene expression showed an obvious increasing expression of antioxidant related genes (Sod1, Sod2, Cat1, Cat2, and Pod1, Pod2) under silicone stress. The above results suggested that silicone caused an obvious stress response in crayfish in both biochemical and molecular levels.Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one of the most refractory organic environmental pollutants that ubiquitous existence in nature. Due to the polymorphism of their metabolic pathway and corresponding downstream metabolites, PCBs' toxicities are complicated and need extended investigation. In the present study, we discovered a novel regulatory mechanism of PCB quinone metabolite-driven programmed cell death (PCD), namely, necroptosis. We first confirmed that PCB quinone induces cancerous HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells necroptosis via the phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like MLKL (p-MLKL). Then, we found that PCB quinone-stimulated p-MLKL enhances exosome biogenesis and secretion. Exosome interacts with p-MLKL and releases p-MLKL to the outside of the cell, and ultimately alleviating PCB quinone-induced necroptosis. The inhibition of exosome secretion by GW4869 significantly elevated necroptotic level, indicating the establishment of a short negative feedback loop of MLKL-exosome secretion upon PCB quinone challenge. Since exosome-mediated signaling showed great implications in various human diseases, this work may provide a new mechanism for PCBs-associated toxicity.In this study, functional microbial sequencing, quantitative PCR, and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) were employed to understand the microbial mechanisms related to the effects of bamboo charcoal (BC) and bamboo vinegar (BV) on the degradation of organic matter (OM) and methane (CH4) emissions during composting. BC + BV resulted in the highest degradation of OM. BV was most effective treatment in controlling CH4 emissions and it significantly reduced the abundance of the mcrA gene. Methanobrevibacter, Methanosarcina, and Methanocorpusculum were closely related to CH4 emissions during the thermophilic composting period. PICRUSt analysis showed that BC and/or BV enhanced the metabolism associated with OM degradation and reduced CH4 metabolism. Structural equation modeling indicated that BC + BV strongly promoted the metabolic activity of microorganisms, which had a positive effect on CH4 emissions. Together these results suggest that BC + BV may be a suitable composting strategy if the aerobic conditions can be effectively improved during the thermophilic composting period.Tropospheric ozone is a highly oxidative pollutant with the potential to alter plant metabolism. The direct effects of ozone on plant phenotype may alter interactions with other organisms, such as pollinators, and, consequently, affect plant reproductive success. In a set of greenhouse experiments, we tested whether exposure of plants to a high level of ozone affected their phenological development, their attractiveness to four different pollinators (mason bees, honeybees, hoverflies and bumblebees) and, ultimately, their reproductive success. Exposure of plants to ozone accelerated flowering, particularly on plants that were growing in autumn, when light and temperature cues, that commonly promote flowering, were weaker. Simultaneously, there was a tendency for ozone-exposed plants to disinvest in vegetative growth. Plant exposure to ozone did not substantially affect pollinator preference, but bumblebees had a tendency to visit more flowers on ozone-exposed plants, an effect that was driven by the fact that these plants tended to have more open flowers, meaning a stronger attraction signal.
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