Notes

A manuscript way for your noninvasive evaluation regarding heart failure productivity along with brachial oscillometric numbers with an evaluation regarding arterial conformity.
all rights reserved).Purpose and Objective Psychological distress is known to contribute to recovery following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and there is a need to understand the mechanisms that contribute to this relationship. The present study examined psychological flexibility, as a hypothesized psychological mechanism, in 169 treatment-seeking adults with mTBI. Research Method/Design Participants completed self-report measures of postconcussion symptoms, psychological distress (anxiety, stress, and depression) and functional status within four weeks of entry to an mTBI outpatient clinic. A general measure (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire), as well as a context-specific (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Acquired Brain Injury) measure of psychological flexibility were administered. Results Simple linear regression analysis showed that psychological flexibility made a significant contribution to the prediction of postconcussion symptoms and functional status. A series of multiple mediation analyses also found that psychological flexibility had a significant indirect effect on the relationships between psychological distress and postconcussion symptoms, and functional status. The context-specific, rather than the general measure of psychological flexibility, was consistently shown to contribute to these findings. Conclusions/Implications These results suggest that psychological flexibility is a psychological mechanism that contributes to recovery outcomes in individuals with mTBI and could therefore be an important treatment target in mTBI interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
The current study aimed at investigating the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Italian individuals with a preexisting medical condition. Specifically, the study analyzed (a) if different conditions were associated with different levels of distress, different levels of worry, and different emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression); and (b) if distress levels were associated with levels of worry about COVID-19, emotion regulation strategies, and changes to medical treatment due to the pandemic.

This cross-sectional study involved 124 individuals (79.8% female; mean age = 48.88 years; SD = 14.95) with a diagnosis of chronic disease. The questionnaires, administered during the peak of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (April-May 2020), comprised the Perceived Stress Scale, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, a COVID-19 worry questionnaire, and a questionnaire designed to collect anamnestic and sociodemographic data.

Higher levels of expredistress, in order to offer them specific and remotely delivered psychological support. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Chronic back pain (CBP) is responsible for considerable suffering across the world and is frequently associated with decreased functional capacity, quality of life, and substantial health care costs. Fear avoidance beliefs (FAB) comprise cognitions and fears about the potential for physical activities to produce pain and harm and are common among people with CBP. Collectively, research shows that FAB are frequently associated with low levels of physical activity, poorer work outcomes, and disability. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to systematically locate and synthesize the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of psychological interventions on fear avoidance beliefs and fear avoidance behavior in patients with CBP.

A systematic literature search was conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and included the databases Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Medline, and PsycINFO.

A total of 5,052 records were i as to which psychological interventions are most effective to treat FAB among people with CBP. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Customer sexual harassment (CSH) is a persistent problem that harms worker well-being in many service industries. ACY-241 In turn, bystander intervention in the workplace is critical for preventing and stopping customers' inappropriate behaviors as well as mitigating the detrimental effects of such harassment on workers. However, previous research has rarely examined what can facilitate bystander employees' intervention behaviors in CSH incidents. Drawing from the empathy-prosocial behavior research and the arousal Cost cost-reward model in social psychology literature, this research examines whether frequent observation of CSH at work is related to bystander employees' empathy toward the targets, which then positively relates to bystander intervention behaviors. This research also tests two moderating factors to determine whether empathy is more strongly associated with bystander interventions among employees who have a higher level of moral idealism and/or less reliance on customer tipping. Two online survey studies with three measurement points were conducted to test the hypotheses (i.e., n 1 = 287 service workers; n 2 = 264 service workers). The path modeling results supported the study hypotheses. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, along with limitations and a future research agenda. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Transitioning into leadership remains a distinct, common career experience that may have implications for employee health and wellbeing, yet these effects are not well understood. We draw upon role theory (role transitions and role expansion) to frame leadership as a dynamic career phenomenon with implications that change as individuals become socialized into their leadership role. This study adds clarity by focusing on changes over time and in response to the novel transition into leadership, and by exploring gender as a moderator of these relationships. We examine the impact of first-time leadership transitions on negative (tension, depression) and positive (emotional wellbeing, job satisfaction) indicators of wellbeing, and self-concept (self-esteem, locus of control). We used data collected every 1 to 2 years from 184 individuals (Youth Development Study Waves 12 through 19, Mortimer, 2011) to conduct two-level (time nested within person) discontinuous growth modeling. Results suggest taking on a leadership role is associated with tension at the time of transition, consistent with role theory and empirical data on macro role transitions. Over time, transitioning into a leadership role bolsters emotional wellbeing and self-esteem in a lasting way, consistent with role expansion propositions. Unexpectedly, men experienced a significant drop in self-esteem at the point of transition compared to women, but otherwise, there were no significant gender differences at the time of, or following, a leadership transition. We show transitioning into leadership is a time-sensitive double-edged sword, such that temporary tensions at the time of transition may pay off over following years in self-concept gains. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Acknowledging increasing demands for workforce health, new theoretical concepts of health-oriented leadership (HoL) have been introduced, emphasizing the supervisor's direct and explicit engagement in workplace health by focusing on their self- and staff-care. However, empirical evidence of the effectiveness of HoL interventions for supervisors and their staff is still scarce. We developed a mindfulness- and skill-based HoL intervention and investigated its effectiveness in a quasi-experimental multisite field study including supervisor and employee ratings from 12 German companies. A total of n = 117 supervisors and their employees (n = 744) completed assessments on mental distress and perceived HoL before and after the intervention as well as during the 3-month follow-up period. The intervention group was compared to a passive control cohort based on propensity score matching. Hierarchical linear models showed that the supervisors who had participated in the HoL intervention experienced a significantly larger decrease in mental distress and an increase in health-oriented self-care as well as staff-care than did their matched controls (g = 0.18-0.59). These results were confirmed by intent-to-treat analyses. The effect on supervisors' mental distress was mediated by an increase of their health-oriented self-care and moderated by the frequency of their mindfulness practice. No significant effects appeared between groups regarding outcomes at the employee level. Overall, these findings indicate how HoL can be effectively trained to increase supervisors' self- and staff-care and reduce their mental distress. Future research should explore additional moderator variables, linkages to established work stress models, and improvements of these interventions to increase their effectiveness for employees. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).In real-world tasks visual attention is rarely aimed at a single object. Humans rather "forage" the visual scene for information, dynamically switching attentional templates. Several visual search studies have found that observers often use suboptimal attentional control strategies, possibly to avoid effort. Here, we investigated with a foraging paradigm if observers' reluctance to switch between attentional templates increases with template specificity. To that end, we manipulated the feature context of displays in which participants "foraged" moving stimuli on a tablet-PC. Experiment 1 (N = 35) revealed a decline in switching tendency and foraging efficiency with increasing feature-space distance between target alternatives. Experiment 2 (N = 36) found even lower flexibility with distractor color close to target colors and strongest impairments with distractor color in between target colors. Our results demonstrate that visual information sampling is most flexible when broad (instead of very specific) templates and relational search strategies are possible (e.g., attending to "redder" objects), with implications for both attention research and applications, especially in visual-foraging-like tasks, such as baggage screening or medical image assessment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).A hypothesis gaining increasing popularity is that laypeople's representations of physical phenomena might be driven by internalized physical laws. In three experiments, we tested if such hypothesis holds true for the representation of gravitational motion. Participants were presented with realistic, real-scale virtual spheres falling vertically downward from about 2 m high. The spheres appeared to be made of either polystyrene or wood. In Experiment 1, participants adjusted the falling motion pattern until it appeared to be natural. In Experiment 2, they compared the perceived naturalness of vertical free falls in a vacuum with the perceived naturalness of more realistic falls characterized by the presence of air drag. In Experiment 3, they estimated the position of the sphere after a variable interval of time from the beginning of the fall. Inconsistently with predictions from physics, results showed that representations of gravitational motion were strongly affected by the implied masses of the falling objects and did not account for air drag.
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