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Discovering mislabelled biological materials: Machine understanding versions go beyond individual functionality.
Four fungal and one bacterial isolates were isolated from a liquid waste sample of Nuclear Material Authority. Those dried biomasses were screened for uranium (U) and thorium (Th) adsorption efficiency where the most potent isolate was identified according to sequence similarities and phylogenetic analysis as Aspergillus niger LBM 134. Using U or Th synthetic solutions many factors were investigated for controlling the biosorption process to conduct the optimum process conditions (the solution pH, contact time, elemental initial concentration, biomass dosage, and sorption temperature). A. niger LBM 134 dried biomass was examined ESEM-EDX and the FTIR techniques before and after the sorption process, also the data were handled by different kinetics and isothermal models. Application on the real liquid waste revealed that the bio-uptake capacities were 18.5 and 11.1 mg/g for U and Th respectively.The Generator Maintenance Schedule model is formulated mathematically as a highly constrained combinatorial optimization problem and it is obligatory to implement a suitable optimization tool to determine the best feasible maintenance schedule. The maintenance schedule obtained has to meet a number of power system constraints. There is increased research in the development of approximate solution methodologies such as heuristic and meta-heuristic techniques [1]. Unlike mathematical methods, metaheuristics can obtain an optimal solution to a complex problem fast and are not subjected to limitations such as linearity, continuity, differentiability and convexity that are faced by mathematical programs [2]. This work presents the application of Exchange Market Algorithm (EMA) to find an optimal maintenance schedule. The algorithm is customized to achieve the following•Selecting the initial population within the maintenance window constraint to enable faster convergence.•Adapt the algorithm to give discrete solutions.•Penalty function included for constraint handling.The paper proposes Bayesian analysis as an alternative approach for the conventional frequentist approach in analyzing social data. A step-by-step protocol of how to implement Bayesian multilevel model analysis with social data and how to interpret the result is presented. The article used a dataset regarding religious teachings and behaviors of lying and violence as an example. An analysis is performed using R statistical software and a bayesvl R package, which offers a network-structured model construction and visualization power to diagnose and estimate results.•The paper provides guidance for conducting a Bayesian multilevel analysis in social sciences through constructing directed acyclic graphs (DAGs, or "relationship trees") for different models, basic and more complex ones.•The method also illustrates how to visualize Bayesian diagnoses and simulated posterior.•The interpretations of visualized diagnoses and simulated posteriors of Bayesian inference are also discussed.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most lethal malignant cancers worldwide. HCC mouse models are widely used to explore the molecular pathogenesis of HCC and to test novel drug candidates. The advantages of this mouse model are as follows•This method developed a H11LNL-Myc knock-in HCC mouse model by crossing H11LNL-Myc heterozygous mice with (albumin (Alb))-cre transgenic mice to generate c-Myc/Alb-cre double positive mice.•The c-Myc/Alb-cre double-positive mice exhibited a typical HCC phenotype, and showed accelerated tumor initiation and rapid HCC progression. Early stage HCC tumors (2-3 mm in diameter) were observed in male mice at the age of 47 days and in female mice at the age of 60 days.•Approximately 3 months later, the HCC tumors had progressed to a late stage (> 1 cm in diameter), and 100% of the male and female mice had HCC.Vulvar varicose veins (VVs) are seen in 4% of women, most of them secondary to pregnancy and usually regressing spontaneously. The treatment of choice during pregnancy is conservative and symptomatic. Management of vulvar varicosities in non-pregnant women consists of various techniques, including phlebectomy, endovascular embolization or surgical ligation of contributing veins, sclerotherapy and, recently, conservative treatment with the venoactive agent MPFF (micronized purified flavonoid fraction). We report an unusual case of a large hematoma of the right labium majus following bilateral vulvar phlebectomy and embolization of the left ovarian vein. The patient was a non-pregnant woman, who underwent incision and drainage of this rare complication. At follow-up almost a year after this procedure the patient reported comfort and cosmetic satisfaction regarding her vulvar symptoms. A multidisciplinary team approach to vulvar varicosities is important, with the involvement of gynecologists, angiologists, interventional radiologists and vascular surgeons.Introduction Ectopic pregnancy after hysterectomy is a rare event, with 72 cases being reported since 1895. Concomitant use of reliable contraception at the time of hysterectomy makes pregnancy extremely unlikely, but, as this case illustrates, does not completely rule out the possibility of post-hysterectomy ectopic pregnancy. Case A 30-year-old woman experienced a ruptured fallopian tube ectopic pregnancy four weeks after a laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy and left salpingo-oophorectomy. At the time of her hysterectomy, a copper intrauterine device was in place. Conclusion Women with ovaries who present with abdominal or pelvic pain should be evaluated for pregnancy regardless of contraceptive use or history of hysterectomy.Medicinal plants are considered two-edged swords. They are pharmacologically beneficial and sometimes toxic when abused. The health benefit of medicinal plant is due to their abundant phytochemical endowment. The present study is aimed at evaluating the biosafety potentials of methanol extracts/fractions of Tapinanthus bangwensis (T. bangwensis) and Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves using Allium cepa (A. cepa) model. Cytotoxicity assay was carried out by A. epa model. The cytotoxicity parameters studied were number of dividing cells, percentage mitotic index (% MI), root tip growth length and chromosomal aberrations. The phytochemistry was determined by UV-spectrophotometry while 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) were used to assay antioxidant activity. IKK inhibitor The A. cepa assay result showed that the inhibitory effect of M. oleifera on root tip growth length was higher compared to T. bangwensis at 60-100mg/100ml concentrations. Decreased number of dividing cells and percentage mitotic index as concentrations increased observed indicate cytotoxicity however the acetone fractions were most cytotoxic. The frequently occurring chromosomal aberrations observed were vagrant, bridged, attached and sticky chromosomes while C-mitosis and binuclear chromosomes were not observed. Therefore cytotoxic effect was significant at 100mg/100ml. The phytochemical screening of methanol extracts/fractions of T. bangwensis and M. oleifera leaves revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins and tannins however saponins were significantly abundant in both plants compared to others. Alkaloid content was found to be low but was not detected in the acetone fractions of the plants. Methanol extracts/fractions of the plants' leaves exhibited antioxidant activities but was more prominent in the ethylacetate fraction of T. bangwensis and acetone fraction of M. oleifera. In conclusion, administration at 100mg/100ml could be unsafe for the biological system.Chromium is considered the most detrimental pollutant to the aquatic organisms. The present experiment was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of chromium in view of its effects on hemato-biochemical parameters and the structure of erythrocytes in striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Fish were exposed to seven different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mg/L) of chromium, each with three replications for 96 h. After 96 h of exposure, the survived fish were sacrificed to measure hemato-biochemical parameters (hemoglobin, Hb; red blood cell, RBC; white blood cell, WBC; packed cell volume, PCV; mean corpuscular volume, MCV; the mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCH and blood glucose). In addition, erythrocytic cellular abnormalities (ECA) and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) of peripheral erythrocytes were assayed. No mortality was observed up to 10 mg/L, but 90% and 100% mortality was observed at 50 mg/L and 60 mg/L, respectively after a 96 h exposure period. The 96 h LC50 value through probit analysis was 32.47 mg/L. Hb (%), RBC (×106/mm3) and PCV (%) significantly decreased at 20, 30 and 40 mg/L of chromium, whereas WBC (×103/mm3), MCV (μm3) and MCH (pg) showed the opposite scenario. Blood glucose (mg/dL) levels significantly increased at 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/L of chromium compared to 0 mg/L. Frequencies of ECA and ENA significantly increased with increasing chromium concentrations. This study indicates that chromium is highly toxic to striped catfish.Living organisms have an innate ability to regulate the synthesis of inorganic materials, such as bones and teeth in humans. Cadmium sulfide (CdS) can be utilized as a quantum dot that functions as a unique light-emitting semiconductor nanocrystal. The increased use in CdS has led to an increased inhalation and ingestion rate of CdS by humans which requires a broader appreciation for the acute and chronic toxicity of CdS. We investigated the toxic effects of CdS on cerebellar cell cultures and rat brain. We employed a 'green synthesis' biosynthesis process to obtain biocompatible material that can be used in living organisms, such as Viridibacillus arenosi K64. Nanocrystal formation was initiated by adding CdCl2 (1 mM) to the cell cultures. Our in vitro results established that increased concentrations of CdS (0.1 μg/mL) lead to decreased cell viability as assessed using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS). The in vivo studies showed that exposure to CdS (1 mg/kg) glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were increased. Collectively, we describe a model system that addresses the process from the synthesis to the neurotoxicity assessment for CdS both in vitro and in vivo. These data will be beneficial in establishing a more comprehensive pathway for the understanding of quantum dot-induced neurotoxicity.Intralesional mitomycin C after direct visual internal urethrotomy for recurrent urethral stricture disease in patients suboptimal for open urethroplasty is an established option. We report a case of urethro-cavernosal-spongiosal fistula after intralesional mitomycin C into an area of previous dorsal inlay urethroplasty. The patient presented with pus draining from the urethral meatus ten days after treatment. Sterile abscesses developed within the corporal and spongious bodies, draining freely into the urethra. Complete spontaneous healing followed short-term transurethral catheterization and antibiotic prophylaxis.
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