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BACKGROUND The symptoms of hypopituitarism are not usually discussed in the clinical setting of oral surgery. CASE PRESENTATION We herein report a case of hypopituitarism that became evident after biopsy and extraction of several teeth in a 68-year-old man with tongue cancer. Three days after biopsy, the patient developed nausea and vomiting, and his serum sodium had fallen to 124 mEq/L. His serum cortisol concentration was low. buy AZD2811 Although the plasma concentration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was within the normal range, ACTH stimulation testing showed a lack of cortisol response. Given these findings, we suspected secondary adrenal insufficiency. To investigate the cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency, MRI of the head was performed, which revealed pituitary gland atrophy. The results of pituitary anterior lobe hormone-stimulation tests were compatible with hypopituitarism. Thirty days after biopsy, partial tongue resection was successfully performed under general anesthesia with perioperative hydrocortisone supplementation. CONCLUSIONS We must be aware of various signs of hypopituitarism when we perform invasive dental treatment.BACKGROUND While nitrogen and carbon stable isotope values can reflect ecological segregation, prey choice and spatial distribution in seabirds, the interpretation of bulk stable isotope values is frequently hampered by a lack of isotopic baseline data. In this study, we used compound-specific isotope analyses of amino acids (CSIA-AA) to overcome this constraint and to study interspecific differences, seasonal and historical changes in trophic positions of five seabird species, three penguins and two petrels, from a sub-Antarctic seabird community. RESULTS CSIA-AA allowed comparing trophic positions of seabirds with temperate and polar distributions. Gentoo and Magellanic penguins had the highest trophic positions during the breeding season (3.7 and 3.9), but decreased these (2.9 and 3.3) during the feed-up for moult. Intra-specific differences were also detected in Thin-billed prions, where carbon isotope values clearly separated individuals with polar and temperate distributions, both in the breeding and inopic baselines.BACKGROUND The burgeoning field of biomedical research involving the mixture of human and animal materials has attracted significant ethical controversy. Due to the many dimensions of potential ethical conflict involved in this type of research, and the wide variety of research projects under discussion, it is difficult to obtain an overview of the ethical debate. This paper attempts to remedy this by providing a systematic review of ethical reasons in academic publications on human-animal chimera research. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the ethical literature concerning human-animal chimeras based on the research question "What ethical reasons have been given for or against conducting human-animal chimera research, and how have these reasons been treated in the ongoing debate?" Our search extends until the end of the year 2017, including MEDLINE, Embase, PhilPapers and EthxWeb databases, restricted to peer-reviewed journal publications in English. Papers containing ethical reasons were analyzed,S We hope that our results, in revealing the conceptual and argumentative structure of the debate and highlighting some its most notable tendencies and prominent positions, will facilitate continued discussion and provide a basis for the development of relevant policy and legislation.BACKGROUND Interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) offers great potential to improve healthcare. Increases in IPCP will require educating learners in authentic IPCP settings and will generate opportunities and challenges. METHODS In January 2015, we implemented an IPCP model called Collaborative Care (CC) for hospitalized adult medical patients. We explored learner perspectives regarding their educational experiences. We deductively coded transcripts from semi-structured interviews with medical learners. Data related to educational experiences were thematically analyzed. RESULTS Twenty-four of 28 (85.7%) medical learners rotating on CC from January to May 2015 completed interviews. Subsequent inductive analysis of these interviews identified four themes Loss of Educational Opportunities during Rounds, Feelings of Uncertainty during New Situations, Strategies for Adaptation, and Improved Communication with Patients and the Team. CONCLUSIONS Increased implementation of IPCP will lead to a greater number of learners being exposed to authentic IPCP settings and will generate opportunities and challenges. Though learners perceived improved communication skills in an IPCP model, they also described loss of profession-specific learning opportunities and feelings of uncertainty. These findings corroborate the need for novel teaching methods aligned with IPCP clinical learning environments and educational assessment strategies that reflect attainment of both profession-specific and interprofessional competencies.BACKGROUND Hypoalbuminemia (HA) is a risk factor for the complications following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). This study aimed to explore the factors that affect HA following PD and evaluate the influence of HA on the short-term postoperative prognosis. METHODS Total 163 patients who underwent PD and met inclusion criteria were subdivided into two groups according to the status of HA. The relationships of postoperative albumin (ALB) level and exogenous ALB infusion with postoperative responses and complications were assessed by correlation analysis. RESULTS Preoperative ALB ≥35.0 g/L and postoperative complication grade were factors influencing HA after PD. Correlation analysis demonstrated significant negative correlation of postoperative ALB level with white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil count. Postoperative exogenous ALB infusion positively correlated with blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, complication grade, postoperative intraperitoneal hemorrhage and pancreatic fistula. No significant differences were observed between the complications and30-day mortality rates with and without postoperative HA. CONCLUSIONS HA after PD should not be considered as an indicator but rather a result of poor prognosis. WBCs, especially neutrophils, are involved in reducing postoperative ALB level. Infusion of exogenous ALB to maintain ALB > 30 g/L could not improve clinical outcomes.BACKGROUND Shenmai injection (SMI) has been used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as heart failure, myocardial ischemia and coronary heart disease. It has been found to have efficacy on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy. The aims of this study were to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of SMI treatment on CVD by using network pharmacology and its protective effect on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by in vitro and in vivo experiment based on network pharmacology prediction. METHODS Network pharmacology method was used to reveal the relationship between ingredient-target-disease and function-pathway of SMI on the treatment of CVD. Chemical ingredients of SMI were collected form TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM and HIT Database. Drugbank, DisGeNET and OMIM Database were used to obtain potential targets for CVD. Networks were visualized utilizing Cytoscape software, and the enrichment analysis was performed using IPA system. Finally, cardioprotective effects and predictive mechanism confirmatioPI3K/Akt pathway, as the downstream of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.BACKGROUND Knowing the opinions of patients with Progressive Neurological Diseases (PNDs) and their family members on end-of-life care can help initiate communication and the drawing up of a care plan. The aim of this paper is to describe the creation and psychometric properties of the newly developed APND-EoLC questionnaire (the Attitudes of Patients with Progressive Neurological Disease to End of Life Care questionnaire). METHODS Following focus group discussion, four main areas of interest were identified patients' and family members' attitudes towards end-of-life care, factors influencing decisions about treatment to prolong patients' life, concerns and fears regarding dying, and opinions on the system of care. The created questions were divided into domains based on factor analysis and psychometric properties were evaluated by sample of 209 patients with PND and 118 their family members. RESULTS The final version of the scale contains a total of 28 questions divided into six domains (end-of-life control, keeping patients alive, trust in doctors/treatment, trust in social support, sense of suffering, and dependence/loss of control) and five individual questions determining views of the care system with specified response options. Construct validity was verified by confirmatory factor analysis for each evaluated area individually. Appropriate psychometric properties were identified in the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS The APND-EoLC questionnaire can be recommended for use in both research and clinical practice.BACKGROUND Simultaneous bilateral femoral neck fractures are extremely rare without obvious injury. Herein, we report the case of a patient on dialysis presenting with bilateral femoral neck fractures, which is a condition with high complication and mortality rates according to a review of the pertinent literature. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case a 47-year-old female with a history of 8 years of haemodialysis due to polycystic kidney disease who presented with bilateral hip pain during walking. The clinical history and results of physical and radiographic examinations of this patient are shown. Single-stage bilateral hemiarthroplasty was performed after a multidisciplinary team consultation. Three days after the operation, she could ambulate with a walker. The woman gradually regained her previous ability to walk over 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS A multidisciplinary team consultation for perioperative management is necessary and effective in patients on dialysis. Early diagnosis with prompt surgical treatment could lead to favourable recovery.BACKGROUND Osler taught doctors to "have no teaching without a patient for a text, and the best teaching is that taught by the patient himself". Bedside teaching (BST) facilitates clinical practice of skills, teaches empathy, instils confidence and builds on patient-doctor relationships. link2 However, its use has declined dramatically due to concerns regarding privacy and autonomy. Most of the research in this area concentrates on medical student or academic opinion of BST using survey based methods. This qualitative study aimed to explore the patient's experiences and opinions of BST. METHODS With ethical approval a qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews which were examined using Thematic Analysis. Patients who had participated in a BST tutorial were invited to participate and gave written consent after discussion with a study researcher. RESULTS Twenty-two patients were interviewed (obstetrics ante-natal [n = 10], obstetrics post-natal [n = 5] and gynaecology [n = 7]) ranging from ages 24-80 yrs. Four major themes were identified, with 11 sub-themes. link3 The major themes included (i) Professional Mannerisms (ii) Privacy and Personal Wellbeing (iii) Quality of Patient Experience of BST and (iv) Clinical Experience and Learning Importance. The reaction of patients toward teaching at the bedside was altruistic and positive, with importance placed on learning. CONCLUSION This research supports the concept of patient focused learning, and can reassure faculty that patients largely support its continuation as an integral component in education. Future research aims to extend this assessment to other patient groups with the aim of learning from and improving their experience.
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