Notes

Listeria monocytogenes sensitivity to be able to antimicrobial treatments depends on mobile origins.
Good local control of multiple brain metastases was demonstrated by SIMT SRS, irrespective of distance from the isocenter.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered a leading cause of death in patients with haemophilia. Recent advances in the treatment of unresectable HCC with molecular-targeted agents (MTAs) have led to better clinical outcomes. However, the tolerability of MTAs by haemophilic patients with HCC remains unclear.

This study aimed to compare the tolerability of MTAs in such patients.

From January 2011 to October 2020, five haemophilic patients with HCC were treated with MTAs. Adverse events were assessed in comparison with 265 non-haemophilic patients with HCC.

The prevalence of hand-foot skin reaction was not higher in the haemophiliacs than in the non-haemophiliacs, whereas the rate of haemorrhagic events was higher in the haemophiliacs (6.0% versus 40.0%, p=0.037).

Haemophiliacs tolerate long-term MTA use, without the occurrence of life-threatening complications. However, careful observation and prevention are needed for MTA-related gastrointestinal bleeding in haemophiliacs.
Haemophiliacs tolerate long-term MTA use, without the occurrence of life-threatening complications. However, careful observation and prevention are needed for MTA-related gastrointestinal bleeding in haemophiliacs.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) on treatment outcomes by comparing the mortality of patients with DILD induced by different pharmacological types of anticancer drugs.

Japanese patients with lung cancer who had received chemotherapy at Fujita Health University Hospital were enrolled. The primary outcome was the short-term mortality rate from the administration of chemotherapy that might have caused DILD.

Eleven, 16, and 20 patients with DILD were assigned to the kinase inhibitor (KI), immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), and cytotoxic anticancer drug groups, respectively. The 90-day mortality rate after the DILD event in the group treated with cytotoxic anticancer drugs was significantly higher than in the KI and ICI groups.

Patients with DILD induced by cytotoxic anticancer drugs have poorer prognoses than those with DILD induced by KIs or ICIs.
Patients with DILD induced by cytotoxic anticancer drugs have poorer prognoses than those with DILD induced by KIs or ICIs.
Regorafenib (REG) and trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) have have been shown to improve overall survival in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of these agents administered in sequence in real world practice.

Clinical data of patients treated beyond the 2°line with REG or FTD/TPI between January 2016 and August 2020, were retrospectively collected from eight institutes in the Lazio Region.

We included 49 patients treated with both drug sequences. A total of 28 G3/G4 toxicity events (53.8%) were recorded in the FTD/TPI-to-REG sequence vs. 24 (46.1%) in the reverse sequence. Median overall survival for the patients included in the FTP/TPI-to-REG group was 20 months (95%CI=16.7-23.3) vs. 27 months in the reverse group (95%CI=17.8-36.2). The disease control rate was 45.0% for patients treated with the REG-to-FTD/TPI sequence vs. 24.1% in those treated with the FTD/TPI-to-REG sequence (p=0.18).

The sequence REG-to-FTD/TPI and vice versa can extend survival, whereas only REG-to-FTD/TPI stabilizes cancer growth.
The sequence REG-to-FTD/TPI and vice versa can extend survival, whereas only REG-to-FTD/TPI stabilizes cancer growth.
Maspin is a tumor-suppressor protein expressed in >90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of subcellular localization of maspin.

Ninety-two resected PDAC specimens were immunohistochemically analyzed. Cytoplasmic-only expression observed in >10% of the tumor was defined as maspin-positive.

The maspin-positive status (21.7%) was inversely correlated with well-differentiated histological type and indicated a shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Cox's multivariate analysis showed that maspin-positive status was an independent factor for shorter RFS and OS. Maspin was localized to cytoplasm in AsPC-1 cells, but to both nucleus and cytoplasm in BxPC-3 cells. In AsPC-1 cells, cell invasion was significantly reduced in response to maspin suppression via transfection with siRNA targeting maspin, whereas no reduction was observed in BxPC-3 cells.

Cytoplasmic-only expression of maspin could be an independent unfavorable prognostic indicator for patients with PDAC.
Cytoplasmic-only expression of maspin could be an independent unfavorable prognostic indicator for patients with PDAC.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) lymph node metastasis [IMALN (+)] on prognosis in left-sided colorectal cancer (LCRC).

A total of 285 patients with stage III LCRC and 118 patients with stage IV LCRC who underwent resection of primary tumor between 2005 and 2016 were included.

IMALN (+) patients (n=10) had worse overall survival (OS) than patients without IMA lymph node metastasis [IMALN (-); n=275] in stage III LCRC (p=0.007). Multivariate analysis revealed that IMALN (+) was a prognostic factor in stage III LCRC (OS, HR=3.09, p=0.043). Conversely, there was no difference between the OS of IMALN (+) and stage IV LCRC with distant lymph node metastasis only [stage IV LCRC (LYM); n=21; p=0.434].

The prognosis of IMALN (+) was worse than that of IMALN (-); it was similar to that of stage IV LCRC (LYM).
The prognosis of IMALN (+) was worse than that of IMALN (-); it was similar to that of stage IV LCRC (LYM).
To compare five radiotherapy methods for prostate cancer.

During 2005-2018, the data of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer were retrospectively analysed. see more Patients were treated with high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT); low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT); or external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT), including conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT), moderate-hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHRT), and ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy (UHRT).

In total, 496 patients (149, HDR-BT; 100, LDR-BT; 100, CFRT; 97, MHRT, and 50, UHRT) with a median follow-up of 4.3 years were enrolled. The incidence of grade ≥2 acute genitourinary toxicities was significantly lower with HDR-BT (p<0.001) than with any other radiotherapy. The cumulative incidence of late grade ≥2 genitourinary toxicities was the highest with UHRT and significantly higher (p=0.005) with UHRT than with HDR-BT. Higher symptom score peaks were noted 4 weeks after therapy for LDR-BT than for EBRT.

Physician-recorded toxicities were slightly lower with HDR-BT and patient-reported outcomes tended to be worse with LDR-BT.
Physician-recorded toxicities were slightly lower with HDR-BT and patient-reported outcomes tended to be worse with LDR-BT.
This study aimed to elucidate the detailed characteristics of CYP3A5 expression and the association between CYP3A5 expression and clinical outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

This study retrospectively enrolled 124 Japanese patients with RCC treated at the Okayama University Hospital. The commonest CYP3A5 gene polymorphism, CYP3A5*3, and expression levels of CYP3A5 mRNA and protein in each tissue were examined.

Expression of CYP3A5 mRNA and protein in RCC tissues was significantly down-regulated compared to that in adjacent normal tissues. High level of CYP3A5 mRNA expression significantly extended cancer-specific survival (p=0.004) and overall survival (p=0.002). The CYP3A5 mRNA expression level was identified as a significant independent prognostic factor for both cancer-specific survival and overall survival.

CYP3A5 could serve as a potential marker for prognostication and treatment planning for patients with RCC.
CYP3A5 could serve as a potential marker for prognostication and treatment planning for patients with RCC.
Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC) is a rare and aggressive tumor that is resistant to treatment. The expression and prognostic value of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its association with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PPC remains unclear.

The expression of PD-L1 and EMT markers, such as E-cadherin, vimentin, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB-1), and cellular mesenchymal-epithelial transition (c-Met) was evaluated by immuno - histochemistry in 16 patients with PPC who underwent surgical resection.

The expression of PD-L1 varied between carcinomatous and sarcomatous areas. Positive correlations between PD-L1 and vimentin expression in carcinomatous areas (r=0.668, p=0.005) and PD-L1 and ZEB-1 expression in sarcomatous areas (r=0.562, p=0.023) were found. High PD-L1 and ZEB-1 expression in sarcomatous areas predicted poor survival (p=0.045 and p=0.012, respectively).

PD-L1 expression associated with ZEB1 expression in the sarcomatoid component of patients with PPC may be useful for predicting patient prognosis.
PD-L1 expression associated with ZEB1 expression in the sarcomatoid component of patients with PPC may be useful for predicting patient prognosis.
Sino-nasal cancer is rare and often diagnosed at advanced stages. Some patients cannot receive curative treatment and are treated with palliative irradiation. We aimed to identify prognostic factors for survival to facilitate treatment personalization for this group.

Twelve patients treated with palliative radiotherapy for locally advanced sino-nasal cancer were retrospectively analyzed for survival. Ten characteristics were evaluated including age, gender, Karnofsky performance score (KPS), pre-radiotherapy hemoglobin, tumor site, lymph node involvement, histology, equivalent dose in 2 Gy-fractions, completion of radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy.

On univariate analysis, KPS ≥70 (p<0.001) and completion of radiotherapy (p<0.001) were significantly associated with better survival. Chemotherapy showed a trend (p=0.097). In the multivariate analysis, KPS ≥70 was significant (p=0.025), and completion of radiotherapy showed a trend (p=0.080).

KPS is an independent predictor of survival for palliative irradiation of sino-nasal cancer. Patients require close monitoring and care for side effects, since completion of radiotherapy is important for survival.
KPS is an independent predictor of survival for palliative irradiation of sino-nasal cancer. Patients require close monitoring and care for side effects, since completion of radiotherapy is important for survival.
Most patients with breast cancer are assigned to radiotherapy, which may cause fears leading to sleep disorders. Very few data are available regarding the prevalence of sleep disorders and corresponding risk factors.

Data of 175 patients with breast cancer presenting for adjuvant radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-three patient and tumor characteristics were investigated for associations with pre-radiotherapy sleep disorders.

Seventy-eight patients (44.6%) stated sleep disorders prior to radiotherapy. These were significantly associated with higher distress score (p<0.0001); greater number of emotional (p<0.0001), physical (p<0.0001) or practical problems (p<0.001); and request for psycho-oncological support (p<0.001). Trends were found for worse performance status (p=0.062) and higher comorbidity index (p=0.059).

Sleep disorders prior to radiotherapy for breast cancer are common. This applies particularly to patients with risk factors including distress due to emotional, physical or practical problems.
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