Notes

The latest near-infrared light-activated nanomedicine to detail cancer treatments.
37%, 269.9 kg/m3, 115.2 s and 26.2%, respectively.
To explore the conceptualisation of healthy food by citizens and how they judge the healthiness of ultra-processed foods.

Four focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured discussion guide. Focus group discussions were held about the concept of healthy food, what characterise a healthy product and healthiness perception of ultra-processed products. Transcripts of the focus groups were analysed following an inductive coding approach.

Uruguay, one of the Latin American countries with the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity.

Fifty-two adult Uruguayan participants, diverse in terms of gender, age, educational level and socio-economic status.

In agreement with previous studies on lay perceptions of healthy eating, the conceptualisation of healthy food was mainly focused on food characteristics. Although participants regarded lack of processing as a cue for healthiness, they did not categorise all ultra-processed products as unhealthy. Albeit some product categories were automatically regarded as unhealthy, participants considered that other categories could include healthy and unhealthy products. In such cases, they explicitly referred to several simplified cognitive strategies to judge whether an ultra-processed product is healthy or not. Results showed that participants tended to rely on simple cues, such as label design, nutrient claims, brand, price and country of origin as indicators of product healthiness.

Healthiness perception of ultra-processed products seems to be largely influenced by heuristics, which stresses the need to implement policies that make the potential negative effects of ultra-processed products salient.
Healthiness perception of ultra-processed products seems to be largely influenced by heuristics, which stresses the need to implement policies that make the potential negative effects of ultra-processed products salient.
This study aimed to identify and meta-analyse the neuroimaging data and hence synthesise a brain map showing the neural correlates of watching food commercials.

Published studies were retrieved and included into the analysis if they evaluated brain responses to food commercials with functional MRI and reported results based on whole-brain analysis in standard brain coordinates.

No additional restriction was placed on the search, such as the publication year and age of participants.

Seven papers that composed of a total of 442 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All of them recruited children or adolescents.

Food commercials caused larger brain responses than nonfood counterparts in the cuneus on both hemispheres, which played a role in dietary self-control and modulation of food craving. Other brain regions involved in food commercials processing included the left culmen, left middle occipital gyrus and the right superior parietal lobule, which could be related to reward, emotional responses and habit formation.

These neural correlates may help explain the food choice and eating behaviours of children and adolescents that might be relevant to the development of obesity.
These neural correlates may help explain the food choice and eating behaviours of children and adolescents that might be relevant to the development of obesity.
To estimate the prevalence of unmet needs for assistance among middle-aged and older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in the US and to evaluate whether unmet needs were associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Cross-sectional.

US - 50 states, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

Community-dwelling adults aged 45 years and older who completed the Cognitive Decline module on the 2015--2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System reported experiencing SCD and always, usually, or sometimes needed assistance with day-to-day activities because of SCD (n = 6,568).

We defined SCD as confusion or memory loss that was happening more often or getting worse over the past 12 months. Respondents with SCD were considered to have an unmet need for assistance if they sometimes, rarely, or never got the help they needed with day-to-day activities. We measured three domains of HRQOL (1) mental (frequent mental distress, ≥14 days of poor mental health in the past 30 days), (2) physicalid not have those needs met, which could negatively impact their mental health. Interventions to identify and meet the unmet needs among people with SCD may improve HRQOL.We report a 10-month-old girl with KCNT1 (c1420C > T; p. Arg474Cys, R474C) mutation-associated epileptic encephalopathy, systemic-to-pulmonary artery "collateralopathy", and intermittent QTc prolongation. Spontaneous regression of systemic-to-pulmonary artery collateral-mediated left heart dilation was noted in this patient, a finding which was ominous as it heralded the onset of severe pulmonary hypertension. The structural and electrical phenotypic features of KCNT1 mutation-associated heart disease, including the novel findings noted in our patient, are discussed in detail.In response to the Ebola outbreak of 2014-2016, the US Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR) established 10 regional treatment centers, called biocontainment units (BCUs), to prepare and provide care for patients infected with high-consequence pathogens. Many of these BCUs were among the first units to activate for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient care. The activities of the Johns Hopkins BCU helped prepare the Johns Hopkins Health System for COVID-19 in the 3 domains of containment care (1) preparedness planning, education and training, (2) patient care and unit operations, and (3) research and innovation. Here, we describe the role of the JH BCU in the Hopkins COVID-19 response to illustrate the value of BCUs in the current pandemic and their potential role in preparing healthcare facilities and health systems for future infectious disease threats.The symptoms of functional neurological disorder (FND) are a product of its pathophysiology. The pathophysiology of FND is reflective of dysfunction within and across different brain circuits that, in turn, affects specific constructs. In this perspective article, we briefly review five constructs that are affected in FND emotion processing (including salience), agency, attention, interoception, and predictive processing/inference. Examples of underlying neural circuits include salience, multimodal integration, and attention networks. Ponatinib The symptoms of each patient can be described as a combination of dysfunction in several of these networks and related processes. While we have gained a considerable understanding of FND, there is more work to be done, including determining how pathophysiological abnormalities arise as a consequence of etiologic biopsychosocial factors. To facilitate advances in this underserved and important area, we propose a pathophysiology-focused research agenda to engage government-sponsored funding agencies and foundations.
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