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Removal associated with Pounding Shear Failure Using Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer bonded (GFRP) A fishing rod.
316L Stainless Steel (SS) has been widely used in many medical applications, such as orthopedic prostheses and cardiovascular implants due to its good mechanical properties and resistance to corrosion. Despite its superior features, SS has bio-functionality problems. In this study, niobium oxynitride coatings were deposited onto 316L SS substrates to improve their biocompatibility using a reactive radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique. The nitrogen flow was fixed, and the nitrogen to oxygen flow ratio was set to 2, 5 and 10 to investigate the effect of oxygen concentration on biocompatibility and the antibacterial behavior of the oxynitride films. The microstructure, morphology and wettability properties of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and an optical tensiometer. The antibacterial activities of coated and uncoated 316L substrates were tested against S. aureus and E. coli bacterial strains. The cytotoxic effects of NbOxNy-coated and uncoated substrates were evaluated on human fibroblast cells. The results showed that niobium oxynitride coatings were not cytotoxic and exhibited more antibacterial activity in comparison to the uncoated ones.Synthetic oligopeptides are a promising alternative to natural full-length growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in tissue regeneration and therapeutic angiogenesis applications. In this work, angiogenic properties of dual and triple compositions containing RGD, GHK peptides and copper (II) ions (Cu2+) were for the first time studied. To reveal specific in vitro effects of these compositions in three-dimensional scaffold, adamantyl group bearing peptides, namely Ada-Ahx-GGRGD (1) and Ada-Ahx-GGGHK (2), were effectively immobilized in bioinert pHEMA macroporous cryogel via host-guest β-cyclodextrin-adamantane interaction. The cryogels were additionally functionalized with Cu2+ via the formation of GHK-Cu complex. Angiogenic responses of HUVECs grown within the cryogel ECM model were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the combination of RGD with GHK and further with Cu2+ dramatically increases cell proliferation, differentiation, and production of a series of angiogenesis related cytokines and growth factors. Furthermore, the level of glutathione, a key cellular antioxidant and redox regulator, was altered in relation to the angiogenic effects. learn more These results are of particular interest for establishing the role of multiple peptide signals on regeneration related processes and for developing improved tissue engineering materials.Biomaterials to be used for vascular tissue engineering must allow attachment, proliferation, and functionalization of vasoactive cells especially endothelial cells. In this study, decellularized L929 fibroblast cell-derived ECM containing electrospun scaffolds were fabricated and their biological response was investigated using rat glomerulus endothelial cells (rGECs). The L929 cells were grown for one week to get cell sheets on PCL membranes followed by decellularization of whole cell sheet-PCL membrane (PCL-ECM) using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/triton X-100 (TX) or freeze/thaw (F/T)/Deoxyribonuclease cycle to yield the corresponding mechanically stable scaffold. The nucleic acids and structural proteins quantification were performed on various membranes before and after decellularization process. Seeded rGECs on PCL, PCL-ECM (SDS/TX) and PCL-ECM (F/T) membranes were investigated through immunofluorescence and cell proliferation assay. The bio-macromolecules contents on decellularized scaffolds showed diverse outcome because of different decellularization methods used. The hydrophilic PCL-ECM (F/T) scaffold showed the best result by ensuring stability, good cytocompatibility, and interconnections among endothelial cells as was further confirmed by endothelial gene expression analysis. In short, the outcomes of this study may pave the way for the construction of new cell-derived ECM based vascular tissue engineering scaffolds as well as for the development of in vitro models to study endothelial cell function.In this paper, we propose a method of obtaining multi-component surface coatings on PEEK polymer, which is becoming increasingly interested in a very wide branch of medicine - orthopedics. Thanks to the plasma techniques used and due to the presence of chitosan, the materials obtained are characterized by sterility, antisepticity, can accelerate wound healing, and serve as a drug delivery system directly to the tissues in need. In addition, the use of ternary Langmuir-Blodgett (lipid-sterol, peptide) films has resulted in significant change of surfaces polarity. The physico-chemical properties of the ternary Langmuir films obtained on the water subphase were tested exploiting Langmuir trough and a Brewster angle microscope. Then they were transferred to the modified surfaces of the solid PEEK polymer, where changes in wettability as well as surface free energy were determined by the type of substrate/coating and the hybrid composition. Additionally, surface chemistry was studied applying time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry.Core-shell scaffolds offer a promising regenerative solution to debilitating injuries to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) thanks to a unique biphasic structure. Nevertheless, current core-shell designs are impaired by an imbalance between permeability, biochemical and mechanical cues. This study aimed to address this issue by creating a porous core-shell construct which favors cell infiltration and matrix production, while providing mechanical stability at the site of injury. The developed core-shell scaffold combines an outer shell of electrospun poly(caprolactone) fibers with a freeze-dried core of type I collagen doped with proteoglycans (biglycan, decorin) or glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin sulphate, dermatan sulphate). The aligned fibrous shell achieved an elastic modulus akin of the human ACL, while the porous collagen core is permeable to human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC). Doping of the core with the aforementioned biomolecules led to structural and mechanical changes in the pore network. Assessment of cellular metabolic activity and scaffold contraction shows that hMSCs actively remodel the matrix at different degrees, depending on the core's doping formulation. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining and mRNA transcript levels show that the collagen-chondroitin sulphate formulation has the highest matrix production activity, while the collagen-decorin formulation featured a matrix production profile more characteristic of the undamaged tissue. Together, this demonstrates that scaffold doping with target biomolecules leads to distinct levels of cell-mediated matrix remodeling. Overall, this work resulted in the development of a versatile and robust platform with a combination of mechanical and biochemical features that have a significant potential in promoting the repair process of ACL tissue.Hydroxyapatite (HA) combined with antimicrobial agents for biomedical application can effectively avoid the bacteria infection, while HA have the good performance. In this study, we prepared silver-hydroxyapatite (Ag-HA) nanocomposites using a one-pot method consisting of three sequential steps of wet chemical precipitation, ion exchange, and a silver mirror reaction. The HA nanoparticles used as the precursor for Ag ion doping were first synthesised by wet chemical precipitation. Next, Ag+ absorbed on HA surface through ion exchange reaction. Glucose was then added to initiate the silver mirror reaction, which made the Ag+ ions reduce to Ag0 and Ag nanoparticles in situ formed on HA nanoparticles. Subsequently, Ag-HA nanocomposites with different Ag content were prepared. X-ray diffraction, SEM, EDX mapping and TEM imaging confirmed that spherical Ag nanoparticles ~20-40 nm in diameter were adhered to the surface of HA nano-rods (0.4-0.8 μm in length and 15-40 nm in diameter). The Ag content (1.9-15.2 wt%) in the Ag-HA nanocomposites was adjusted by varying the feeding Ag/Ca molar ratio (2.0-20%). The cell viability evaluation in vitro proved that Ag-HA nanocomposites had low cytotoxicity to L929 normal cells. Meanwhile, the antibacterial examinations in vitro demonstrated that Ag-HA nanocomposites had obvious antibacterial effects on Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungus. The antibacterial results were dose-dependent on the accumulation of silver content. The Ag-HA nanocomposites loaded PMMA resins also demonstrated a potential antibacterial activity against S. mutans. This paper presents a convenient and bio-friendly approach for preparing Ag-HA nanocomposites with adjustable Ag content, which are a promising material for biomedical applications.Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are one of the most extensively studied materials for theranostic applications. IONPs can be used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), delivery of therapeutics, and hyperthermia treatment. Silk is a biocompatible material and can be used for biomedical applications. Previously, we produced spheres made of H2.1MS1 bioengineered silk that specifically carried a drug to the Her2-overexpressing cancer cells. To confer biocompatibility and targeting properties to IONPs, we blended these particles with bioengineered spider silks. Three bioengineered silks (MS1Fe1, MS1Fe2, and MS1Fe1Fe2) functionalized with the adhesion peptides F1 and F2, were constructed and investigated to form the composite spheres with IONPs carrying a positive or negative charge. Due to its highest IONP content, MS1Fe1 silk was used to produce spheres from the H2.1MS1MS1Fe silk blend to obtain a carrier with cell-targeting properties. Composite H2.1MS1MS1Fe1/IONP spheres made of silks blended at different ratios were obtained. Although the increased content of MS1Fe1 silk in particles resulted in an increased affinity of the spheres to IONPs, it decreased the binding of the composite particles to cancer cells. The H2.1MS1MS1Fe1 particles prepared at a ratio of 82 and loaded with IONPs exhibited the ability to bind to the targeted cancer cells similar to the control spheres without IONPs. Moreover, when exposed to the alternating magnetic field, these particles generated 2.5 times higher heat. They caused an almost three times higher percentage of apoptosis in cancer cells than the control particles. The blending of silks enabled the generation of cancer-targeting spheres with a high affinity for iron oxide nanoparticles, which can be used for anti-cancer hyperthermia therapy.Demand of bioactive materials that may create a bacteria-free environment while healing and regenerating the defect area is increasing day by day. Zirconia is a very interesting material because of its biocompatibility and high fracture toughness. In this research work, zirconia nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized using sol-gel method. Molarity of sols is varied in the range of 25 to 125 mM. The effect of acidic and basic nature of sols is studied by maintaining acidic (2) and basic (9) pH. As-synthesized NPs are made soluble in deionized (DI) water using tangerine drops. Dissolved NPs are spin coated onto glass substrate prior to characterization. Pure tetragonal phase, observed under all conditions using basic medium (pH 9), is accompanied by smaller crystallite size and unit cell volume. Presence of stabilized zirconia phase leads to higher value of density and higher mechanical strength. Nanodendrites with distinct features are observed for the sample prepared with high molarity using basic medium. Whereas, soft agglomerated nanodendrites are observed using acidic medium.
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