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Building up Psychosocial Arousal from the Treating Kids with Serious Serious Malnutrition: Knowledge From your Diet Treatment Center.
dgment data makes it possible to estimate the directionality of changes in variability and to see the full distribution of different variants. Copyright © 2020 Gerasimova and Lyutikova.Color is a significant interior element with the power to influence emotions and behaviors in a particular environment. Numerous studies have investigated the impact of a single color on emotion; however, the collective emotional, cognitive, and behavioral effect created by combinations of colors applied to a space has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study involving both a survey as well as eye-tracking technology, we explored shaping the concept of spatial color efficacy by examining different applications of the same color combination in a space to determine whether they may cause different emotional responses, thereby impacting viewers' perception of luxury and intention to stay. A total of 26 interior design students at a university in Korea participated in the study. An environment simulating a hypothetical retail store was developed using a 3D rendering program, and six variations of spatial applications were created for each high luxury color combination and low luxury color combination to bel in preference to stay than extreme or minimal contrast. Results expand the understanding of human behavior in relation to spatial color efficacy based on the spatial color combination and potential decision-making process in a retail setting. Copyright © 2020 Cho and Suh.The abnormal allocation of nodules of grey matter in areas of the brain or spinal cord that should physiologically be occupied by white matter characterizes a neural defect called Grey Matter Heterotopia (GMH). The improvement of MRI techniques has enabled a deeper understanding of the neuropathological bases and epidemiology of such a condition. Among its major manifestations, there is the onset of epileptic seizures, mild intellectual disability, impairments in executive functioning, neurodevelopmental disorders; less frequently GMH has been found associated with depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. Despite the clinical interest in GMH, no studies have considered the possible forensic and criminological implications of this condition. In the current study, we present a case of GMH in a young male defendant accused of having seriously injured a schoolmate as a reaction to bullying behavior. Neuropsychological and instrumental evidence converge in showing prevalence for the defendant's adoption of repressive responses to stressors, and difficulties to inhibit undesirable behavior at the long run. In the case at hand, the massive stress induced by the exposition to bullying behavior undermined inhibitory control, hence an impulsive and disproportionate reaction took place. Without appropriate therapeutic control, this reactive behavior might take place again. As a consequence, the forensic assessment recommended that the defendant was held partially liable only but that there was likelihood of recidivism. We discuss this single-case evidence for a possible role of GMH in the adoption of dyscontrolled responses to stressors, and the relevance of GMH diagnosis in forensic proceedings. Copyright © 2020 Curci and Rampino.Background During the postpartum period, new parents frequently experience emotional stress and exhibit symptoms of depression and anxiety, accompanied by substantial endocrine changes. However, evidence predominantly exists from parents of full-term infants, while data on parents of preterm infants are scarce. In this exploratory, cross-sectional study, we compared psychological well-being and endocrine parameters in parents of very preterm and term born infants. Methods Mothers (N = 28) and fathers (N = 30) of full-term infants as well as mothers (N = 18) and fathers (N = 21) of very or extreme preterm infants ( less then 32nd gestational week) were recruited in the days following birth. Anxiety, depression, and perceived stress were assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), respectively. Physiological measures included serum levels of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (mothers pharmacological and psychological interventions may help to ameliorate postpartum affective symptoms. Copyright © 2020 Weigl, Schneider, Stein, Felderhoff-Müser, Schedlowski and Engler.Background The efficacy or tolerability of paliperidone extended release (ER) in the treatment of methamphetamine (METH)-associated psychosis (MAP) is unknown. This study was designed to assess the tolerability and efficacy of paliperidone ER and risperidone for the treatment of MAP in China. Methods This 25-day randomized clinical trial involved 120 patients with acute MAP symptoms who were randomized to receive either paliperidone ER or risperidone from baseline to day 25 of an inpatient hospital stay. The primary outcome was changes in the severity of psychosis, which were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score changes from baseline to endpoint. Results Overall, 84% of the patients completed the entire study protocol. Tanshinone C price The PANSS total score, the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale (CGI-S) score, and a METH craving score assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) showed statistically significant improvements from baseline for the patients in both groups (p less then 0.01). link2 The Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS) and the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS) scores increased from baseline during treatment in both groups (p less then 0.01); there were statistically significant differences between the treatment groups in the SAS scores (p less then 0.01). Measures of hypermyotonia, salivation, and dizziness were significantly higher in the risperidone-treated patients than in the paliperidone ER-treated patients (all p less then 0.05). Conclusion Paliperidone ER and risperidone had similar efficacy and were generally tolerable in the treatment of MAP; however, paliperidone ER had a more favorable adverse event profile than risperidone, particularly regarding extrapyramidal and prolactin-increasing effects. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01822730. Full date of first registration03/28/2013. Copyright © 2020 Wang, Ding, Chawarski, Hao, Liu, Deng and Ouyang.Background Negative symptoms and social dysfunction are core features of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). Negative symptoms have been conceptualized as pathology of goal-directed-behaviors. Moreover, goal-directed-behaviors also appear to be a crucial step of social interactions. However, in 22q11DS, the extent to which goal-directed-behavior could be linked to social functioning difficulties and negative symptoms has never been examined. Method Verbal and nonverbal initiation was measured using the verbal fluency and figural fluency tasks in 93 individuals with 22q11DS and 57 healthy controls aged between 8 and 30 years in order to assess goal-directed-behavior ability. The associations between initiation scores and social functioning/negative symptoms were investigated. In addition, the effect of COMT Val/Met polymorphism on initiation competences was examined. Results Results revealed diminished verbal and nonverbal initiation ability in 22q11DS individuals compared to controls. A positive correlation between verbal initiation and social functioning was found as well as between verbal initiation and negative symptoms, in particular social anhedonia. No differences in terms of initiation scores were found between individuals with 22q11DS carrying Met and Val polymorphism. Conclusion Results indicate impaired goal-directed-behavior in the 22q11DS population. These deficits seem to support social functioning impairments frequently observed in the 22q11DS and to a lesser extent the expression of negative symptoms. Copyright © 2020 Dubourg, Maeder, Pouillard, Eliez and Schneider.Depression is a major public health problem that affects approximately 4.4% of the global population. Since conventional pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies are only partially effective, as demonstrated by the number of patients failing to achieve remission, alternative treatments are needed. Mindfulness meditation (MM) and psilocybin represent two promising novel treatments that might even have complementary therapeutic effects when combined. Since the current literature is limited to theoretical and empirical underpinnings of either treatment alone, the present review aimed to identify possible complementary effects that may be relevant to the treatment of depression. To that end, the individual effects of MM and psilocybin, and their underlying working mechanisms, were compared on a non-exhaustive selection of six prominent psychological and biological processes that are well known to show impairments in patients suffering from major depression disorder, that is mood, executive functioning, social skillsintegration. It is suggested that, when used in combination, MM and psilocybin could exert complementary effects by potentiating or prolonging mutual positive effects, for example, MM potentially facilitating psilocybin-induced peak experiences. Future placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trials focusing on psilocybin-assisted mindfulness-based therapy will provide knowledge about whether the proposed combination of therapies maximizes their efficacy in the treatment of depression or depressive symptomatology. Copyright © 2020 Heuschkel and Kuypers.Background Structural and functional alterations in the cerebellum have been consistently reported in addiction literatures. However, evidence implicating the resting-state cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in methamphetamine (MA) use disorder still remains limited. link3 Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were obtained from 34 MA dependent individuals with about six months abstinence and 31 healthy controls (well matched for age, gender and education) in this study. Seed-based functional connectivity analysis was employed to investigate the differences in cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity between two groups. The correlations between significant functional connectivity and each clinical characteristic were also explored. Results Compared to healthy controls, MA dependent individuals showed disrupted functional connectivity between the cerebellum and several cerebral functional networks, including the default-mode, affective-limbic, and sensorimotor networks. Within the MA group, functional connectivity of the right cerebellar lobule VI-precuneus coupling was negatively correlated with addiction severity. Conclusion The present study suggests that cerebellar dysfunction, in particular aberrant cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity, might involve in neurobiological mechanism of MA dependence, which supply a potential target for therapeutic interventions in the future. Copyright © 2020 Li, Su, Zhong, Chen, Du, Xiao, Xu, Song, Jiang and Zhao.Background The impact of the comorbidity between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Bipolar Disorder Spectrum (BDS) remains to be clarified. The objective of this study was to examine the lifetime prevalence of OCD, the strength of the association of OCD with comorbid BDS and the role of comorbidity of OCD with BDS in the impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in an Italian community survey. Methods The study is a community survey. The sample (N = 2,267; women 55.3%) was randomly selected after stratification by sex and four age groups from the municipal records of the adult population of one urban, one suburban, and at least one rural area in six Italian regions. Physicians using a semi-structured interview (Advanced Tools and Neuropsychiatric Assessment Schedule, ANTAS-SCID) made Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 4th revision (DSM-IV) diagnoses of OCD, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder (BD). HR-QoL was measured by the Health Survey Short Form (SF-12).
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