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Will crude rating give rise to witnessed unidimensionality involving emotional constructs? An illustration together with DSM-5 alcohol consumption dysfunction.
A highly sensitive temperature and strain sensor based on an antiresonant hollow core fiber (ARHCF) probe with the Vernier effect is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The ARHCF probe is used as a reference interferometer by sandwiching an ARHCF, which is insensitive to temperature, strain, and refractive index, between a single-mode fiber (SMF) and a polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF). The polarization mode interferometer (PMI), fabricated by splicing a section of PMF with a fiber polarizer at a 45-degree angle, works as a sensing interferometer. The Vernier effect is introduced by connecting the reference interferometer and the PMI in parallel. The experimental results show that by introducing the Vernier effect, the temperature sensitivity is improved from -1.68 to -15.7nm/∘C and the strain sensitivity is improved from 5.09 to 47.65 pm/µε. The magnification is consistent with the theoretical results. The reference segment of the proposed sensor is not affected by ambient factors, which provides a new strategy and idea for the development of multiparameter sensors based on the Vernier effect.Spatially resolved reflectance measurements are a standard tool for determining the absorption and scattering properties of turbid media such as biological tissue. However, in literature, it was shown that these measurements are subject to errors when a possible rough surface between the turbid medium and the surrounding is not accounted for. We evaluated these errors by comparing the spatially resolved reflectance measured on rough epoxy-based samples with Monte Carlo simulations using Lambertian surface scattering, the Cook-Torrance model, and the generalized Harvey-Shack model as surface scattering models. To this aim, goniometric measurements on the epoxy-based samples were compared to the angularly resolved reflectance of the three surface models to estimate the corresponding model parameters. Finally, the optical properties of the phantoms were determined using a Monte Carlo model with a smooth surface.Plasmonic lasers, which use the strong confinement of surface plasmon polaritons, are key parts to realize ultracompact coherent light sources at deep subwavelength scales. We propose a plasmonic laser composed of a silicon substrate, ZnO nanowire, dielectric layer, metal layer, and electrode. In this structure, the superimposed coupling of the surface plasmon mode at the metal interface with the high refractive index gain nanowire mode makes the electric field in the spacer layer significantly enhanced. The ZnO nanowire is used as gain material to provide gain compensation. The optical and electrical properties are simulated with the geometric parameters and dielectric layer material. The results show that the structure has strong confinement of the optical field and can realize a deep subwavelength constraint at a lower threshold level. It provides theoretical support for realizing ultracompact coherent light sources.The Padparadscha sapphire is attracting increasing interest due to its unique color combination of pink and orange. However, some Padparadscha sapphires exhibit an unstable orange color component; the stone turns from pink to orangey pink after longwave ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and the orange color fades out under a room light or halogen light source. This is of interest and concern since accuracy and consistency are important in colored stone identification services. This study investigates the UV visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectra of photochromic Padparadscha sapphires under illumination of different wavelengths between 250 and 600 nm. Our results show that shortwave UV induces the orange color more effectively than longwave UV, and Vis light near 450 nm reduces the orange color more effectively than a halogen light source. Based on these findings, we developed a prototype UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy device with two fiber-coupled light-emitting diodes at 265 and 455 nm. It can perform rapid screening of photochromic Padparadscha sapphires and has faster color recovery compared to current techniques.The optical characterization of metasurfaces and nanostructures that alter the polarization of light is tricky and can lead to unphysical results, such as reflectance beyond unity. We track the origin of such pitfalls to the response of some typical optical components used in a commercial microscope or a custom-made setup. In particular, the beam splitter and some mirrors have different responses for both polarizations and can produce wrong results. A simple procedure is described to correct these erroneous results, based on the optical characterization of the different components in the optical setup. With this procedure, the experimental results match the numerical simulations perfectly. The methodology described here is simple and will enable the accurate spectral measurements of nanostructures and metasurfaces that alter the polarization of the incoming light.Tunable lenses (TLs) are optical devices that can change their optical power in response to an electrical signal. In many applications, they are often pushed to or beyond their temporal limits. Fast periodic and/or abrupt variations of the optical power induce undesired distortions in their transient response and produce a decrease in their performance. A low-cost focimetry system, along with a custom closed-loop iterative optimization algorithm, was developed to (1) characterize a TL's response at high speed and (2) optimize their performance in realistic TL working conditions. A significant lens performance improvement was found in about 23 iterations with a decrease in the area under the error curve and an improved effective time. Applying the closed-loop optimization algorithm in a depth scanning experiment enhanced the image quality. Quantitatively, the image quality was evaluated using the structural similarity index metric that improves in individual frames, on average, from 0.345 to 0.895.Dark-field scattering imaging is an imaging method with high contrast and high sensitivity. It has been widely employed in optical components evaluation, biomedical detection, semiconductor manufacturing, etc. However, useless background information causes data redundancy, which increases unnecessary time-space costs in processing. Furthermore, the problem is particularly serious in high-resolution imaging systems for large-aperture components. The dark-field scattering image compression (DFSIC) based on the compressed sparse row is proposed to solve this problem. The compression method realizes local data access for a sparse matrix. The result of the experiments shows that the average time-space consumption of the DFSIC is reduced to less than 2%, compared with the raw image structure, and is still kept below 68% in dense cases. This method provides a more efficient program implementation for the dark-field scattering imaging and exhibits potential in the application of the optical detection with large scale.The periscope phone lens has a bright application prospect; however, the problem of a large chipping size in the grinding process for the periscope phone lens module components seriously limits its development. We address the problem of the large edge chipping size in the grinding process of small-sized module components of periscope mobile phone cameras by investigating the influence of the grinding speed, feed speed, and grinding depth on the chipping size through theoretical simulation analysis and single-factor variable experimental verification. The optimal grinding process parameters were preferred, and yield experiments were conducted using the preferred process parameters. The results show that increasing the grinding speed and decreasing the feed speed and grinding depth can effectively suppress the chipping size of the component grinding edge.A broadband and ultra-compact polarization splitter-rotator based on diagonally overlapped bi-layer architecture and an asymmetrical directional coupler is proposed on a silicon-on-insulator platform. By leveraging the structure over supermode theory, a 1-dB bandwidth of 220 nm, extinction ratio (ER) of less then 19dB, and cross talk (XT) of less then -15.85dB within the span of 1400-1700 nm and coupling length of 4.62 µm are achieved. In addition, TM0-TE0 conversion loss of ∼0.19dB, ER of 35.88 dB, and XT of -30.46dB can be obtained at 1550 nm. The fabrication tolerances are also analyzed, indicating that the insertion losses remain below 1 dB over 1460-1620 nm in terms of width errors and layer-to-layer misalignments within ±10nm. The results show that the proposed device is very suitable to utilize between fibers and for polarization diversity of on-chip systems for broadband operation as well as ultra-compact integration.The structure of silica single-mode fiber (SMF) must be modified in order to develop optical fiber-based biosensors. To reduce the diameter of the optical fiber, a low-cost chemical etching method is very popular. The proposed chemical etching method is a simple, rapid, and cost-effective technique for removing the silica cladding up to a desired diameter. In the laboratory, hydrofluoric acid (HF acid, 40% concentration) is used for etching. A variation on etching is also proposed and tested with 40% HF as well as with magnetic stirring at the different speeds. The etching experiments are also carried out at different temperatures. The etching results of silica fiber are presented through a step-by-step procedure using a rapid and resource-efficient method for the fabrication of optical fiber-based biosensors. The etched diameter characterization is done using a calibrated compound microscope. The sensing experiment with unetched and etched optical fiber is also performed for the detection of different concentrations of glucose biomolecules.Structured light is a non-contact three-dimensional shape measurement method. The structured light system based on diffractive optical elements (DOEs) is widely used due to its low cost and compact structure. However, compared with a time sequence coded structured light system based on a digital projector, its projector cannot change the content, so it cannot be calibrated with a phase-shift-based method. This paper proposes a calibration method based on the pseudo-camera method and digital image correlation (DIC). It is suitable not only for the calibration of systems based on time series coding but also for the calibration of a speckle structured light system based on DOEs. Validation experiments were conducted in which our method achieved a reprojection error of 0.68 pixels in calibration and a radius error of less than 1% in a measurement of a cylinder in a 20cm×10cm field. Compared with existing calibration methods, this method does not need to set a datum plane, takes fewer photos, operates simply, and has higher calibration efficiency.A specular suppression model on reflective material figures based on polarization information and figure grayscale information is built. Inflammation chemical The model can optimize the imaging effect of reflective material in a strong light environment to restore the information characteristics of the figure. Taking the workpiece surface of reflective material as the experimental object, figure surfaced information restoration and visual measurement effect analysis were carried out. The experimental results show that the method offered can achieve good suppression of the large-area light spot phenomenon in the imaging of reflective material. The texture contours of the figures are significantly improved, and the imaging indicators in all aspects are further optimized, which verifies the feasibility of the offered method to a certain extent.
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