Notes

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34%. In the hUC-MSC treatment group, the time to clinical improvement was shorter than that in the control group. Clinical symptoms of weakness and fatigue, shortness of breath, and low oxygen saturation obviously improved beginning on the third day of stem cell infusion and reached a significant difference on day 7. CRP and IL-6 levels were significantly lower from day 3 of infusion, the time for the lymphocyte count to return to the normal range was significantly faster, and lung inflammation absorption was significantly shorter on CT imaging in the hUC-MSC group than in the control group.

Intravenous transplantation of hUC-MSCs is a safe and effective method that can be considered a salvage and priority treatment option for severe COVID-19.

Chinese Clinical Trial Registration; ChiCTR2000031494; Registered on 2 April 2020; http// www.medresman.org.
Chinese Clinical Trial Registration; ChiCTR2000031494; Registered on 2 April 2020; http// www.medresman.org.
COVID 19-related quarantine led to a sudden and radical lifestyle changes, in particular in eating habits. click here Objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of quarantine on sleep quality (SQ) and body mass index (BMI), and if change in SQ was related to working modalities.

We enrolled 121 adults (age 44.9 ± 13.3years and 35.5% males). Anthropometric parameters, working modalities and physical activity were studied. Sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. At baseline, the enrolled subjects were assessed in outpatient clinic and after 40days of quarantine/lockdown by phone interview.

Overall, 49.6% of the subjects were good sleepers (PSQI < 5) at the baseline and significantly decreased after quarantine (p < 0.001). In detail, sleep onset latency (p < 0.001), sleep efficiency (p = 0.03), sleep disturbances (p < 0.001), and daytime dysfunction (p < 0.001) significantly worsened. There was also a significant increase in BMI values in normal weight (p = 0.023), in subjects grade I (p = 0.027) and II obesity (p = 0.020). In all cohort, physical activity was significantly decreased (p = 0.004). However, analyzing the data according gender difference, males significantly decreased physical activity as well as females in which there was only a trend without reaching statistical significance (53.5% vs 25.6%; p = 0.015 and 50.0% vs 35.9%, p = 0.106; in males and females, respectively). In addition, smart working activity resulted in a significant worsening of SQ, particularly in males (p < 0.001).

Quarantine was associated to a worsening of SQ, particularly in males doing smart working, and to an increase in BMI values.
Quarantine was associated to a worsening of SQ, particularly in males doing smart working, and to an increase in BMI values.
Fever in under-five children (U5) is the commonest presenting complaint in general practice and mothers' recognition is an entry point for fever treatment, including malaria. This study describes rural-urban disparity in fever prevalence in U5, mothers' malaria knowledge, care-seeking, testing for malaria before anti-malarial medication and the associated factors.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 630 mother-child pairs [rural (300) and urban (330)] selected randomly using a multi-stage sampling from 63 villages in Igabi LGA, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Trained female data collectors administered a pre-tested structured questionnaire to collect information on mother-child demographic profiles, malaria knowledge, fever episodes in birth order last child in two weeks prior to survey, blood testing before anti-malarial use, and delayed care-seeking defined as care sought for fever > 48h of onset. Malaria knowledge was categorized into good, average, and poor if the final scores were ≥ 75th, 50th-74tpractices by their mothers, and factors associated with delayed care-seeking and testing the fever for malaria before anti-malarial medication. Fever treatment for high impact malaria elimination in Nigeria needs a context-specific intervention rather than 'one-size-fits-all' approach.
Rural-urban disparities existed between fever prevalence in U5 children, care-seeking practices by their mothers, and factors associated with delayed care-seeking and testing the fever for malaria before anti-malarial medication. Fever treatment for high impact malaria elimination in Nigeria needs a context-specific intervention rather than 'one-size-fits-all' approach.
HMGCR, SCAP, SREBF1, SREBF2 and TBL2 are well-known genes that are involved in the process of lipid metabolism. However, it is not known whether epigenetic changes of these genes are associated with lipid metabolism. In this study, the methylation levels of the HMGCR, SCAP, SREBF1, SREBF2 and TBL2 genes were analyzed between samples from a hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (hyper-LDL) group and a control group to examine the association between the methylation levels of these genes and the risk of hyper-LDL.

In this study, a case-control approach was used to explore the association between DNA methylation and hyper-LDL. The DNA methylation levels of HMGCR, SCAP, SREBF1, SREBF2 and TBL2 genes and 231 CpG sites in the promoter regions of these genes were measured in 98 hyper-LDL participants and 89 participants without hypo-LDL.

Compared with participants without hyper-LDL, patients with hyper-LDL TBL2 gene had lower methylation levels (11.93 vs. 12.02, P = 0.004). The methylation haplotypes with significant abundance in the TBL2 gene are tcttttttttt (P = 0.034), ctttttttcct (P = 0.025), ctctttctttt (P = 0.040), ccttttttttt (P = 0.028), and tctttttttttttttt.

The study demonstrates that participants with hyper-LDL have lower methylation of TBL2. The results suggest that DNA methylation of TBL2 can decrease the risk for hyper-LDL in humans.
The study demonstrates that participants with hyper-LDL have lower methylation of TBL2. The results suggest that DNA methylation of TBL2 can decrease the risk for hyper-LDL in humans.
Hip dysplasia is one of the most common causes of hip arthritis. Its incidence is estimated to be between 3.6 and 12.8% (Canadian Institute for Health Information, Hip and knee replacements in Canada, 2017-2018 Canadian joint replacement registry annual report, 2019; Jacobsen and Sonne-Holm, Rheumatology 44211-8, 2004). The Periacetabular Osteotomy (PAO) has been used successfully for over 30 years (Gosvig et al., J Bone Joint Surg Am 921162-9, 2010), but some patients continue to exhibit symptoms post-surgery (Wyles et al., Clin Orthop Relat Res 475336-50, 2017). A hip arthroscopy, performed using a small camera, allows surgeons to address torn cartilage inside the hip joint. Although both procedures are considered standard of care treatment options, it is unknown whether the addition of hip arthroscopy improves patient outcomes compared to a PAO alone. To delay or prevent future joint replacement surgeries, joint preservation surgery is recommended for eligible patients. While previous studies found an ad health services utilization will be collected. A sub-group of patients (26 in each group) will receive a T1rho MRI before and after surgery to study changes in cartilage quality over time. A cost-utility analysis will be performed to compare costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) associated with the intervention.

We hypothesize that (1) concomitant hip arthroscopy at the time of PAO to address central compartment pathology will result in clinically important improvements in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) versus PAO alone, that (2) additional costs associated with hip arthroscopy will be offset by greater clinical improvements in this group, and that (3) combined hip arthroscopy and PAO will prove to be a cost-effective procedure.

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03481010 . link2 Registered on 6 March 2020. Protocol version version 3.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03481010 . Registered on 6 March 2020. Protocol version version 3.
To estimate the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Tibet Autonomous Region (China).

A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1458 residents of Luoma Town, Tibet Autonomous Region, who were aged ≥ 40 years old. We interviewed participants using questionnaires, and rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. The identification of RA in this study was on the basis of criteria issued by the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) guideline.

Herein, 782 participants completed all items of RA. The overall prevalence of RA was 4.86%, and the prevalence was higher in women than that in men (7.14% vs. link3 2.56%, p = 0.005). The age-standardized prevalence of RA was 6.30% (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.20-8.64%), which was 2.46% (95% CI 1.04%, 4.10%) and 9.59% (95% CI 5.93%, 13.77%) in men and women, respectively.

The prevalence of RA is relatively higher in the Tibet than that in other areas of China.
The prevalence of RA is relatively higher in the Tibet than that in other areas of China.
Suicidal behavior has a significant contribution to the global burden of disease that affects individuals, families and communities at different age groups. Sadly, up to 75% of suicides in the world occur in low-and- middle income countries which have no adequate resource to prevent it. The aim of this study was to assess suicidal behavior and associated factors among community residents with problematic substance use in South Gondar zone, northwest Ethiopia.

Community based cross-sectional survey was conducted by using a suicidal behavior revised questionnaire from January 15 to March 15,2019. A total of 4035 participants were screened for problematic substance use by using multi stage cluster sampling and 846 participants were positive for problematic substance use then asked for suicidal behavior. Multiple logistic regression analyses used to see adjusted odd rations (AOR). Multilevel binary logistic regression was used to account for the hierarchical structure of the two-level data within individual and districts level.

The prevalence of suicidal behavior over the last 12 months in problematic substance uses was found to be 41.4% with 95% of confidence interval (CI) (38.2-44.9). Perceived stigma, [AOR = 1.605, 95% CI (1.16-2.23)], family history of suicide [AOR = 3.22, 95% CI (1.46-7.10)], physical illness [AOR = 2.45 95% CI (1.157-3.84)], rural resident [AOR = 1.74, 95% CI (1.16-2.62)], depression [AOR = 4.44, 95% CI (3.15-6.27)] and living alone (AOR = 1.61, 95% CI (1.16-2.24) were risks factors for suicidal behavior.

Suicidal behavior in problematic substance uses found to be high. Health workers should pay attention to decrease suicidal behavior and to control amendable factors.
Suicidal behavior in problematic substance uses found to be high. Health workers should pay attention to decrease suicidal behavior and to control amendable factors.
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is an ultra-rare genetic disorder (prevalence 1150`000) characterized by instant painful phototoxic burn reactions in skin exposed to visible light. Afamelanotide is the first clinically tested therapy effectively increasing the time EPP patients can spend in direct sunlight without developing symptoms and reducing the number and severity of phototoxic reactions.

We report our data on real-world effectiveness of afamelanotide treatment in EPP and its phototoxic burn protection factor (PBPF).

We analysed clinical data collected between 2016 and 2018 in the Swiss EPP cohort (n = 39) on maximum phototoxic burn tolerance time (PBTT), i.e., maximum time spent in sunlight without phototoxic reaction, severity of phototoxic reactions as assessed by an 11-point Likert-type visual analogue scale (VAS), with 0 being no pain and 10 being the worst possible pain, and Quality of Life (QoL), as assessed with an EPP-specific instrument.

Before treatment, the PBTT was median 10 min (IQR 5-20).
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