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Effect of Covid-19 crisis upon traveler travel risk as well as management views.
The maximum diameter and vascular density were greater in congenital hemangiomas. Elastography demonstrated that the congenital hemangiomas were softer than the infantile hemangiomas. The maximum diameter (including of visible vessels), thickness, vascular density, venous blood flow velocity and elasticity scores were greater for rapidly and partially involuting congenital hemangiomas than for non-involuting ones. The density of visible vessels in congenital hemangiomas decreased in the order of non-involuting, partially involuting and rapidly involuting. In conclusion, congenital hemangiomas have distinctive US imaging characteristics, including a greater maximum diameter, vascular density, number of visible vessels, visible vessels involving muscle, calcifications and elasticity score. © 2020 Japanese Dermatological Association.BAP1-inactivated melanocytic tumors typically present with distinctive histopathological changes and loss of nuclear BAP1 protein expression. Rare cases exhibit the typical morphology but with preserved expression of BAP1. In the current issue of Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Linos et al. describe such a case and provide a comprehensive molecular-genetic exploration to explain such a phenomenon. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.The field of prenatal screening and diagnosis for fetal anomalies has been marked by a rapid succession of technological advances, including most notably, chromosomal microarray analysis and next generation sequencing. Despite the diagnostic advantages of these technologies, their incorporation into prenatal testing has created additional challenges of revealing genomic variants of unknown or uncertain significance, and secondary findings. While detailed post-test counselling about uncertain variants is best performed by medical geneticists, many of the screening and diagnostic tests that lead to this information are actually ordered by general maternity health care professionals (HCPs), such as obstetricians, midwives and family physicians. Maternity HCPs support pregnant women through to the conclusion of their pregnancy and the postpartum period, and thus are close observers of the psychosocial impart of fetal genomic uncertainty on women and their families. Whilst there have been many studies exploring the handling of genomic uncertainty by genetics HCPs there has been relatively less attention paid to maternity HCPs without speciality training in genetics. This review explores the current literature surrounding non-genetic maternity HCPs' views and experiences of genomic uncertainty and returning uncertain results in the prenatal setting. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Recently, Schuwirth and Durning advocated for liberal and limited ethical review for health professions education (HPE)-research. They question the value/process of ethical reviewing1 , because of its supposed incapability to "detect harm" and to "cure the disease" of identifying non-merit research. Moreover, they doubt the prevalence of harmful studies in HPE research and believe that the benefits of ethical reviewing are minimal compared to the effort. We understand their concerns, but do not recognize all of them. Therefore, in this reaction we underline the potential and necessity of ethical reviewing of HPE-research. FSEN1 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVE To discuss a recurring education problem of the high fidelity simulation myth. In the current instantiation, educators erroneously believe that trainees benefit from authentic uncertainty and surprise in simulation-based training. We explore the origins of this myth within experiential learning and social constructivism theories and propose an evidence-based solution of transparent and guided instruction in simulation. BACKGROUND Constructivist theories highlight meaning making as the benefit of inquiry and discovery learning strategies. Inappropriate translation of this epistemology into an element of curriculum design, creates unfortunate unintended consequences. We propose that the translation of constructivist theories of learning within simulation-based education has resulted in a pervasive myth that scenarios must introduce realistic tension or surprises to encourage exploration and insightful problem solving. We argue that this myth is masquerading as experiential learning. In this narrative review, we interpret our experiences and observations of simulation-based education through our expertise in education science and curriculum design. We offer anecdotal evidence along with a review of selected literature to establish the presence of this previously undetected myth. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Fungal contamination in food products leads to mustiness, biochemical changes, and undesirable odors, which result in lower food quality and lower market value. To develop a rapid method for detecting fungi, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was applied to identify five fungi inoculated on plates (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus ochraceus). Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, and an electronic nose (E-nose) were applied to detect and identify freeze-dried Agaricus bisporus infected with the five fungi. RESULTS Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were used to distinguish the HSI spectra of the five fungi on the plates. The A. ochraceus group had the highest calibration performance coefficient of calibration (Rc 2 ) = 0.786, root mean-square error of calibration (RMSEC) = 0.125 log CFU g-1 . The A. flavus group had the highest prediction performance coefficient of prediction (Rp 2 ) = 0.821, root mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) = 0.083 log CFU g-1 . The ratio of performance deviation (RPD) values of all of the models was higher than 2.0 for the NIR, MIR, and E-nose results for freeze-dried A. bisporus infected with different fungi. The fungal species and degree of infection can be distinguished by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) using NIR, MIR, and E-nose, as the discrimination accuracy was more than 90%. The NIR methods had a higher recognition rate than the MIR and E-nose methods. CONCLUSION Principal component analysis (PCA) and PLSR models based on full spectra of HSI can achieve good discrimination results for these five fungi on plates. Moreover, NIR, MIR, and the E-nose were proven to be effective in monitoring fungal contamination on freeze-dried A. bisporus. However, NIR could be a more accurate method. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.A new species of Megaleporinus is described from the Rio de Contas, a coastal drainage of eastern Brazil, and its phylogenetic relationships are studied using molecular data. The new species is unique among Anostomidae by possessing two exclusive features an irregular dark longitudinal stripe from supracleithrum to second midlateral blotch and anterior cranial fontanel partially closed. In addition, the new species is diagnosed by having three premaxillary teeth, three dentary teeth, 37 or 38 scales in lateral line, 16 scale rows around caudal peduncle, three dark midlateral blotches on body, and red fins in life. The new species is closely related to M. obtusidens from the São Francisco basin, corroborating previous studies that indicated that the latter represents a species complex as currently defined. link2 The new species exhibits the first rib enlarged in mature males, a feature described for some congeners. The new species is herein considered to be Endangered under the IUCN criteria. © 2020 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether a peptide-based coating can prevent the adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a key human pathogen associated with periodontitis and peri-implantitis. BACKGROUND Nonsurgical and surgical interventions have been used for the treatment of peri-implantitis; however, the effectiveness of these approaches is usually unsatisfactory. The main reason is that dental plaque on the surface of the implant is difficult to remove due to its rough surface and thread design. Recently, a peptide-based coating for implant surfaces that can reject the adhesion of Escherichia coli and improve the attachment of host cells was developed. METHODS A salivary pellicle was created on the surfaces of peptide-coated bare discs and verified with anti-human immunoglobulin G, A and M, and anti-fibrinogen. Early colonizers, Veillonella parvula and Streptococcus sobrinus, and the later colonizer, Porphyromonas gingivalis, were labelled with green and red fluorescent dyes, respectively, and seeded on the discs. Bacterial attachment was semi-quantified by fluorescence intensity. RESULTS The salivary pellicle was evenly distributed on the discs, with or without the peptide coating, with an average thickness of 3.84 µm. A multi-species dental biofilm was created on the salivary pellicle. The peptide coating resulted in an approximate 25% reduction in the attachment of Veillonella parvula and Streptococcus sobrinus, and a 50% reduction in Porphyromonas gingivalis, when compared to control, uncoated implant discs. link3 CONCLUSION The novel peptide-based coating can inhibit the attachment of Porphyromonas gingivalis. It may have the potential to impede the development of peri-implantitis. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.OBJECTIVE There is a critical need for safe and effective analgesic treatments to address pain resulting from surgical husbandry procedures in livestock. Piglet castration results in acute pain and stress to the animal; however, it is performed globally on millions of piglets annually, often without any analgesia what-so-ever. Tri-Solfen® (Animal Ethics Pty Ltd, Yarra Glen, Victoria, Australia) is a combination local anaesthetic and antiseptic formulation which, applied topically to wounds, has proven effective, and is registered for use to alleviate pain associated with castration (and other wounds) in lambs and calves in Australia and New Zealand. It is also reported to be effective to reduce pain in piglets following castration. DESIGN This randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled study examined the safety and efficacy of the formulation, administered via an adapted wound instillation method, to control pain both during and following piglet castration. METHOD Piglets received Tri-Solfen or placebo, instilled to the wound immediately following skin incision. A 30 s wait period was then observed prior to completing castration. Pain mitigation was assessed by grading nociceptive resistance movements and piglet vocal response during castration, as well as by grading response to mechanical sensory stimulation of the wound (von Frey and needlestick) following castration. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in nociceptive motor and vocal response during castration and in response to mechanical sensory wound stimulation up to and including 2 h following castration. There were no adverse events. CONCLUSION Administered via this method, Tri-Solfen is effective to mitigate acute peri-operative castration pain in piglets. © 2020 The Authors. Australian Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian Veterinary Association.
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