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The median duration of follow-up was 251 days. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In an appropriate clinical setting, placement of temporary tracheostomy tubes following multi-level airway surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome is a useful strategy to manage postoperative airway obstruction, carrying a low mortality rate, and with a complication rate similar to that found in previous reports. © 2020 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.OBJECTIVES Almost 1 million older and disabled adults who require long-term care reside in assisted living (AL), approximately 40% of whom have a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). States vary in their regulations specific to dementia care that may influence the presence of residents with ADRD in AL and their outcomes. The objectives of this study were to describe the state variability in the prevalence of ADRD among Medicare beneficiaries residing in larger (25+ bed) ALs and their healthcare utilization. DESIGN Retrospective observational national study. PARTICIPANTS National cohort of 293,336 Medicare fee-for-service enrollees residing in larger (25+ bed) ALs in 2016 and 2017 including 88,867 (30.3%) residents with ADRD. We compared this cohort's characteristics and healthcare utilization with that of individuals with ADRD who resided in nursing homes (NHs; n = 602,521) and the community (n = 2,074,420). METHODS Medicare enrollment data, claims, and the NH Minimum Data Set were ueriatrics Society.BACKGROUND Acne is a common, economically burdensome condition that can cause psychological harm and, potentially, scarring. Apabetalone Topical benzoyl peroxide (BPO) is a widely used acne treatment; however, its efficacy and safety have not been clearly evaluated. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of BPO for acne. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases up to February 2019 the Cochrane Skin Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS. We also searched five trials registers and checked the reference lists of relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs that compared topical BPO used alone (including different formulations and concentrations of BPO) or as part of combination treatment against placebo, no treatment, or other active topical medications for clinically diagnosed acne (used alone or in combination with other topical drugs not containing BPO) on the face or trunk. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological pry be linked to tolerability rather than to safety. Risk of mild to moderate adverse events may be higher with BPO compared with clindamycin. Further trials should assess the comparative effects of different preparations or concentrations of BPO and combination BPO versus monotherapy. These trials should fully assess and report adverse effects and patient-reported outcomes measured on a standardised scale. Copyright © 2020 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Leaf nitrogen concentration often is higher in leguminous plants, which associate with dinitrogen-fixing bacteria, compared to non-legume plants. However, the range of nitrogen concentrations in legumes is wide, likely related to the range of nitrogen fixation strategies. We evaluated how carbon and nitrogen allocation to roots, stems and leaves is influenced by the type of strategy of nitrogen fixation regulation. We grew herbaceous annual legumes (Medicago truncatula, Hymenocarpus circinnatus, and Vicia palaestina) under two nitrogen availability treatments (none/sufficient), with and without bacterial inoculation. We found facultative downregulation of the rate of nitrogen fixation when nitrogen was available in H. circinnatus, and an obligate similar fixation rate in both nitrogen treatments in M. truncatula and V. palaestina. Uninoculated plants invested more biomass in roots and contained lower nitrogen concentrations. However, nitrogen concentration in the entire plant and in the leaves was lower and more plastic in the species with a facultative fixation strategy, whereas species with an obligate fixation strategy also maintained high nitrogen concentrations. Our results suggest a suite of functional traits associated with the strategies of allocation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. This suite of traits probably shapes successional and functional niches of different leguminous species in specious plant communities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PURPOSE In this study, we examined the association between specific birth-related variables and postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms. DESIGN AND METHODS In this descriptive study, data were collected using a personal information form, the City Birth Trauma Scale, and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. FINDINGS The findings revealed that 8.5% of participants met all the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. The risk of developing depression was 9.7 times higher among women who met all the criteria for PTSD than among those who did not meet all the criteria. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS During the postpartum period, at-risk mothers should be followed and screened for PTSD and depressive symptoms. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Despite worldwide proliferation of seaweeds of the genus Caulerpa and subsequent effects on benthic communities, little is known about the nutritional physiology of Caulerpales. Here, we investigated the uptake rates of ammonium, nitrate, amino acids and phosphate through the fronds and rhizoids + stolon, the internal translocation of nitrogen, and developed a nitrogen budget for the rapidly spreading Caulerpa prolifera in Ria Formosa lagoon, southern Portugal. C. prolifera acquired nutrients by both above and belowground parts at similar rates, except nitrate, for which fronds showed 2-fold higher uptake rates. Ammonium was the preferential nitrogen source (81% of the total nitrogen acquisition), and amino acids, which accounted for a significant fraction of total N acquisition (19%), were taken up at faster rates than nitrate. Basipetal translocation of 15 N incorporated as ammonium was nearly 3-fold higher than acropetal translocation, whereas 15 N translocation as nitrate and amino acids was smaller but equal in either direction.
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