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Hepatitis W vaccination insurance coverage inside Indonesia: organized assessment.
The pandemic of COVID-19 has put forward the public health system across countries to prepare themselves for the unprecedented outbreak of the present time. Recognition of the associated risks of morbidity and mortality becomes not only imperative but also fundamental to determine the prevention strategies as well as targeting the high-risk populations for appropriate therapies.

We reviewed, collated and analysed the online database i.e. Pubmed, Google scholar, Researchgate to highlight the demographic and mechanistic link between obesity and associated risks of severity in COVID-19.

We observed a changing dynamic in the reporting from the time of initial pandemic in China to currently reported research. While, initially body mass index (BMI) did not find a mention in the data, it is now clearly emerging that obesity is one of the profound risk factors for complications of COVID-19.

Our review will help clinicians and health policy makers in considering the importance of obesity in making the prevention and therapeutic strategies of COVID-19. An extra attention and precaution for patients with obesity in COVID-19 pandemic is recommended.
Our review will help clinicians and health policy makers in considering the importance of obesity in making the prevention and therapeutic strategies of COVID-19. An extra attention and precaution for patients with obesity in COVID-19 pandemic is recommended.
Overweight and obesity are important risk factors for chronic disorders. Fat accumulation is one of the central manifestations; it occurs via a complex mechanism where multiple metabolic signals converge. Sirtuins are an enzyme family with deacetylase functions that are implicated in the regulation of several genes. Sirt1 and its upstream regulator (miR-34a) are elements of a converging mechanism that integrates the dynamic metabolic state. In this work, we hypothesized that elevated levels of miR-34a in overweight/obese group inhibits Sirt1 activity. Therefore, we studied the miR-34a/Sirt1 axis in mononuclear cells obtained from adipose tissue.

Adipose tissue samples were collected from 36 subjects, and they were categorized according to body mass index (BMI) as overweight/obesity and normoweight. Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were enzymatically dissociated, and mononuclear cells from adipose tissue were isolated by Ficoll Hypaque. Sirt1-positive cells and relative Sirt1 expression were determined s adipose tissue. Additionally, these results suggest altered sirtuin function in overweight/obese patients and open the possibility for new therapies that involve these metabolic targets.
Short stature has been linked with the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, only one study has been conducted in Latin American adults. We aimed to assess the association between short stature and MetS in workers of a private educational institution in Peru. In addition, we evaluated the association between height and surrogate markers of insulin resistance (IR).

We performed an analytical cross-sectional study. We categorized the height in tertiles and evaluated MetS according to the Latin American Diabetes Association statement. We used the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index and the triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol (TG/HDL-c) ratio as IR markers. We elaborated crude and adjusted Poisson generalized linear models to evaluate the association between height tertiles and MetS. For the IR markers, we carried out crude and adjusted linear regressions.

We analyzed 1080 participants and the overall prevalence of MetS was 16.2%. In the adjusted Poisson generalized linear model, using the high representative samples to define the threshold of short stature with better sensitivity and specificity for the screening of MetS.
Cholesterol and ketone bodies are synthesized in liver from a common precursor acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). Statins by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis may lead to accumulation of acetyl-CoA in hepatocytes and its diversion towards ketogenesis. Ketone bodies may act as alternative energy source thus sparing blood glucose and contributing to hyperglycemia. The present study aims to assess the effect of Atorvastatin therapy on blood ketone levels and glycemic control in patients with T2DM.

Study included 24 statin naïve subjects with T2DM. They were prescribed tablet Atorvastatin at dose of 10mg once daily at bedtime. read more Ongoing anti-diabetic medications were not changed. Estimation of blood ketones, urine ketones, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post-prandial plasma glucose (PPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid parameters was carried out at baseline and at 3 months after starting Atorvastatin.

There was moderate but significant increase in blood ketones (0.16±0.08mmol/L vs. 0.26±0.07mmol/L; p-value=0.0000), FPG (133.8±17.91mg/dL vs. 143.3±22.99mg/dL; p-value=0.0016) and PPG (193.0±36.54mg/dL vs. link2 211.0±49.51mg/dL; p-value=0.0344) after 3 months of Atorvastatin therapy. This was associated with significant reduction in serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Three months therapy with Atorvastatin at the dose of 10mg once daily at bedtime in patients with T2DM resulted in moderate rise in blood ketone levels, FPG and PPG in addition to improvement in lipid parameters.
Three months therapy with Atorvastatin at the dose of 10 mg once daily at bedtime in patients with T2DM resulted in moderate rise in blood ketone levels, FPG and PPG in addition to improvement in lipid parameters.
Associated with severe complications and morbidity, Diabetes Mellitus is a significant public health burden. The need for regular monitoring and adherence to treatment and lifestyle changes have a high impact on the quality of life of the patients. This study attempts to assess the effect of smartphone-based lifestyle modification intervention in the quality of life of patients with type 2 Diabetes through a randomized filed trial.

A randomized field trial was performed among the patients attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Mysuru city. A mobile application named DIAGURU, mainly focusing on the lifestyle modification and medication management was used for a period of 6 months from April 2019 to September 2019 by 150 patients in the intervention group while another 150 participants served as controls. The quality of life was assessed using the WHO QOL BREF questionnaire at the beginning of the study and after six months.

The change in the quality of life in a positive direction was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the non-intervention group after six months. The differences in the change in scores of quality of life of participants recruited in intervention and non-intervention groups were statistically significant in all the four domains after the intervention with a p value<0.001.

The evidence generated in this study suggest that such technological approaches can be used as a public health measure to improve the quality of life of patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
The evidence generated in this study suggest that such technological approaches can be used as a public health measure to improve the quality of life of patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
COVID-19 is a pandemic, resulting in large number of deaths all over the world. Lack of effective antiviral agents and vaccines pose a major challenge to control this pandemic.

Review the role of reverse quarantine in the control of COVID-19.

Public health measures like social distancing, wearing face mask and hand hygiene along with quarantine measures form important steps to control the disease. Reverses quarantine is a useful strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19.

Reverse quarantine is a promising public health measure to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19.
Reverse quarantine is a promising public health measure to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19.
This study aimed to investigate the nutrient contents and the anti-hyperglycemic effect of the immature endosperm of sugar palm (IESP) (Borassus flabellifer L.) fruit on type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

This is a short type case study where patients (n=30) with T2DM were randomly selected and fed IESP (100mL) twice a day after a regular meal and continued this experiment up to 4th weeks.

The mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was markedly reduced from 1st week (15.74mmol/L) to 4th week (10.53mmol/L) among the patients who had normal body mass index (18.5-24.9). Only 16.67% diabetic patients had irregular FBG levels where 10% were in the previous stages after finishing the experimental period, and exceptionally in the case of 6.67% diabetic patients, this therapeutic juice was unsuccessful because of their irregular intake of insulin. The IESP was more effective on female (p≤0.001) patients than males (p≤0.05).

The IESP could be considered as anti-hyperglycemic fruit, and this might be due to its nutrient contents, especially phytochemicals, fiber, sodium, potassium, copper, and zinc.
The IESP could be considered as anti-hyperglycemic fruit, and this might be due to its nutrient contents, especially phytochemicals, fiber, sodium, potassium, copper, and zinc.
Today, it has been shown that diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect male fertility. Glucose metabolism is a vital process in spermatogenesis that is impacted by diabetes condition. But the mechanisms by which DM causes male infertility are not wholly clarified. The aim of this review is to provide brief information about the influence of hyperglycemia on male fertility and specific emphasis on the molecular signaling pathway that is involved.

Broad literature search in the electronic database "Pubmed", "Google Scholar", the website of "World Health Organization" (WHO) and Control Disease and Prevention (CDC) took place. There was no time restriction. A key criterion for the selection of articles was English and language. Finally, one hundred thirty seven articles were included in the review.

Diabetes mellitus affects many signaling pathways that involved in the spermatogenesis. It seems that increased ROS and oxidative stress in the diabetes is the beginning of all fertility problems and affects all of involved signaling pathways in the spermatogenesis.

It seems that there was strong interconnected between oxidative stress and all of involved signaling pathways in the reproductive problems in diabetes. So, approaches that diminish oxidative stress in the testis can be effective in improving diabetes related infertility complications.
It seems that there was strong interconnected between oxidative stress and all of involved signaling pathways in the reproductive problems in diabetes. So, approaches that diminish oxidative stress in the testis can be effective in improving diabetes related infertility complications.
To determine the prevalence of hypogonadism among Indian men with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate its association with various metabolic parameters.

One hundred fifty consecutive men with T2DM, aged 25-70 years, and one hundred age-matched healthy men without diabetes were included. The free testosterone (FT) level was calculated using the total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and albumin levels in serum. Patients with a calculated FT level <6.35ng/dL and a positive response on the androgen deficiency in aging male questionnaire (ADAM) were diagnosed with hypogonadism.

The prevalence of hypogonadism was 17.3% and 10% in men with and without T2DM, respectively. The body mass index (BMI) and the mean levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), TT, SHBG, Triglycerides (TG), and FT were significantly different between the groups. The mean BMI and TG levels were significantly higher in patients with T2DM than in those without. link3 Both groups showed a significant negative correlation between the BMI and SHBG level.
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