Notes

Partnership associated with pms or premenstrual syndrome along with postpartum major depression and mother-infant developing.
A total of 10,153 patients aged ≥65 y who underwent CV port insertion were included. The mortality rates at 90 d after central venous port insertion were 14.9% and 14.0% (risk difference, 0.9%; 95% CI -0.5%, 2.3%; P=0.216) with infused energy intakes <20 and ≥20kcal/kg, respectively, and 15.4% and 13.2% (risk difference, 2.2%; 95% CI 0.9%, 3.6%; P=0.001) with infused amino acid intakes <0.8 and ≥0.8g/kg, respectively. The differences were retained after adjustment for multiple variables including hospital, age, sex, BMI, emergency admission, and 27 major underlying diseases. The OR for the ≥0.8-g/kg group compared with the <0.8-g/kg group was 0.87 (95% CI 0.77, 0.99; P=0.028).

A positive relation between infused amino acid intake and mortality was found in older patients receiving parenteral nutrition.
A positive relation between infused amino acid intake and mortality was found in older patients receiving parenteral nutrition.Platelets, small, anucleate cell fragments, derive from large precursor cells, megakaryocytes (MKs), that reside in the bone marrow. MKs emerge from hematopoietic stem cells in a complex differentiation process that involves cytoplasmic maturation, including the formation of the demarcation membrane system, and polyploidization. The main function of MKs is the generation of platelets, which predominantly occurs through the release of long, microtubule-rich proplatelets into vessel sinusoids. However, the idea of a one-dimensional role of MKs as platelet precursors is currently being questioned due to advances in high resolution microscopy and single-cell Omics. On the one hand, recent findings suggest that proplatelet formation from bone marrow-derived MKs is not the only mechanism of platelet production, but that it might also occur through budding of the plasma membrane and in distant organs like lung or liver. On the other hand, novel evidence suggests that MKs do not only maintain physiological platelet levels but further contribute to bone marrow homeostasis through the release of extracellular vesicles or cytokines such as transforming growth factor β1 or platelet factor 4. The notion of multitasking MKs was reinforced in recent studies using single cell RNA sequencing approaches on MKs derived from adult and fetal bone marrow and lungs, leading to the identification of different MK subsets that appear to exhibit immunomodulatory or secretory roles. In the following, novel insights into the mechanisms leading to proplatelet formation in vitro and in vivo will be reviewed and the hypothesis of megakaryocytes as immunoregulatory cells will be critically discussed.
Coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of several chronic diseases in a dose-dependent manner. Chronic intake results in the transient appearance of bioactive phenolic metabolites in the circulatory system. However, there is a lack of information on the impact of different patterns of coffee consumption on plasma and urinary profiles of phenolic metabolites.

Plasma and urinary phenolic metabolites were investigated following regular consumption of different daily dosages of coffee or cocoa-based products containing coffee (CBPCC) under a real-life setting.

A repeated-dose, randomized, crossover human intervention was conducted with 21 healthy volunteers. For 1 mo, participants consumed 1) 1 cup of coffee (1C), 2) 3 cups of coffee (3C), or 3) 1 cup of coffee+2 CBPCC twice daily (PC). Plasma and urine samples were collected over a 24-h period after each treatment. The nutrikinetics and urinary excretion of native, human phase II, and colonic metabolites were assessed.

A total of 51 (poly)phis study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03166540.
The absorption, metabolism, nutrikinetic profile, and bioavailability of coffee phenolics were established for different patterns of coffee consumption under real-life conditions. This work provides the basis for further nutritional epidemiology research and mode-of-action cell-based studies. Poly(vinyl alcohol) compound library chemical This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03166540.
Soil phosphorus (P) deficiency and salinity are constraints to crop productivity in arid and semiarid regions. Salinity may weaken the effect of P fertilization on plant growth. We investigated the interactive effects of soil P availability and salinity on plant growth, P nutrition, and salt tolerance of two alfalfa cultivars.

A pot experiment was carried out to grow two cultivars of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in a loess soil under a combination of different rates of added P (0, 40, 80, and 160mg P kg -1 soil as monopotassium phosphate) and sodium chloride (0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6g NaCl kg -1 soil). Plant biomass, concentrations of P ([P]), sodium ([Na]), and potassium ([K]) were determined, and rhizosheath carboxylates were analyzed.

There were significant interactions between soil P availability and salinity on some, but not all of the parameters investigated, and interactions depended on cultivar. Plant growth and P uptake were enhanced by P fertilization, but inhibited by increased levels of salinity. Increasing the salinity resulted in decreased plant P-uptake efficiency and [K]/[Na]. Only soil P availability had a significant effect on the amount of tartrate in the rhizosheath of both cultivars.

Increased salinity aggravated P deficiency. Appropriate application of P-fertilizers improved the salt tolerance of alfalfa and increased its productivity in saline soils.
Increased salinity aggravated P deficiency. Appropriate application of P-fertilizers improved the salt tolerance of alfalfa and increased its productivity in saline soils.
Few studies have evaluated the body composition (BC) of adults who suffered from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) during childhood, a population at risk of long-term noncommunicable diseases.

We performed an observational cohort study to evaluate BC in a group of young adults aged 11-30 y after nutritional rehabilitation for SAM, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

We evaluated 151 adults in eastern DRC who were treated for SAM during childhood between 1988 and 2007. They were compared with 120 aged- and sex-matched control adults living in the same community who had not been exposed to malnutrition as children. The main variables of interest were the different compartments of adult BC (fat-free mass [FFM], fat mass [FM], and 2 indices of height-normalized BC FFM index [FFMI] and FM index [FMI]) measured by deuterium dilution.

The mean age in both groups was 23 y, and females represented 49% and 56% of the exposed and nonexposed groups, respectively. SAM-exposed males had lower mean±SD weight (53.6 ± 6.4 compared with 56.4 ± 7.9kg, P=0.029) and lower height (159.9 ± 6.6compared with 163.6 ± 6.7cm, P=0.003) compared to unexposed males. SAM-exposed subjects had less FFM (-1.56kg [-2.93, -0.20]; P=0.024) but this observation was more marked in males (45.4±5.4 compared with 48.2±6.9kg, P=0.01) than in females. No differences in FM were noted between SAM-exposed and unexposed subjects. Adjusting for height, FFMI and FMI showed no difference between SAM-exposed and unexposed in either sex.

SAM during childhood is associated with reduced FFM in adulthood which is probably due to a shorter height.
SAM during childhood is associated with reduced FFM in adulthood which is probably due to a shorter height.
Although most studies have reported unfavorable short-term effects of breastfeeding on early-childhood sleep-wake behaviors that potentially attenuate over time, findings have remained inconsistent.

We assessed associations of breastfeeding with longitudinal day-, night-, and total-sleep trajectories and with sleep-wake behaviors in healthy infants and preschoolers.

Caregivers of naturally conceived, term, singleton infants (n=654) completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 mo) and/or Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (54 mo), and provided information on their infants' breastfeeding status at 3 mo. Trajectory analyses derived 4 day- (n=243), 3 night- (n=248), and/or 4 total- (n=241) sleep trajectories, each differing in length of sleep duration (short/moderate/long) and variability (variable/consistent). Sleep-wake behaviors from 3 to 24 mo (day/night/total-sleep durations and duration/number of night awakenings) were also assessed for associations with breastfeeding.

eep durations (sleep trajectories) than formula-fed infants.
Despite more night awakenings, fully breastfed infants have overall longer night- and total-sleep durations (sleep trajectories) than formula-fed infants.
Consumption of a Mediterranean diet, adequate levels of physical activity, and energy-restricted lifestyle interventions have been individually associated with improvements in HDL functions. Evidence of intensive interventions with calorie restriction and physical activity is, however, scarce.

To determine whether an intensive lifestyle intervention with an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity enhanced HDL function compared to a non-hypocaloric Mediterranean eating pattern without physical activity.

In 391 older adults with metabolic syndrome (mean age, 65 years; mean BMI, 33.3kg/m2) from 1 of the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea-Plus trial centers, we evaluated the impact of a 6-month intervention with an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity (intensive lifestyle; n=190) relative to a nonrestrictive Mediterranean diet without physical activity (control; n=201) on a set of HDL functional traits. These included cholesterol efflux capacity, HDL oxidative/inflahis trial is registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.
In older adults with metabolic syndrome, an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity improved the HDL triglyceride metabolism compared with a nonrestrictive Mediterranean diet without physical activity. This trial is registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.
Composite lipid emulsions containing soybean oil (30%), medium-chain triglycerides (30%), olive oil (25%), and fish oil (15%) (SMOF) are now widely used.

We aimed to evaluate the tolerance, the efficiency, and the erythrocyte fatty acid (FA) profile for children on long-term home parenteral nutrition (HPN) receiving a composite fish oil-based emulsion (FOLE).

At baseline, children (n=46) with severe intestinal failure highly dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN) for ≥1 y were included in the study when they had received the composite FOLE for >6 mo. Out of this baseline group, only 25 children remained highly PN-dependent (SMOF1, n=25) and could be assessed a second time, 2.4 y later (SMOF2, n=25). An independent control group ("weaned off PN" group; n=24) included children who had been weaned off PN for >2 y (median 4 y). RBC-FA composition was established by GC-MS. Growth parameters, plasma citrulline, conjugated bilirubin, FA profiles, and the Holman ratio (203ω-9/204ω-6) were compared between consistent with the ω-3 PUFA-enriched composition of this emulsion without evidence of essential FA deficiency.
The associations between nut consumption and cancer risk have not been extensively investigated.

We aimed to examine the associations between nut consumption, especially specific types of nuts (peanut, tree nut, walnut, and tree nut other than walnut), and cancer risk.

Nut consumption was assessed by FFQ at baseline and updated every 2-4 y in the Nurses' Health Study (1980-2014), the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2015), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2018). We examined the associations between the intake of total and specific types of nuts and risk of total cancer and common cancers, including lung, colorectal, breast, bladder, and aggressive prostate cancer. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to obtain the HRs and 95% CIs in each cohort as well as pooled.

During 5,873,671 person-years of follow-up in 180,832 women and 45,560 men, we documented 44,561 incident cancer cases. As compared with nonconsumers, the pooled multivariable HRs of total nut consumption for ≥5 times/wk were 0.
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