Notes

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The article presents a clinical case of a 78-year-old female patient with a clinical picture of vasospastic angina during the capecitabin treatment. The issues under discussion include difficulties of diagnosing vasospastic angina, a potential danger and incidence of coronary vasospastic reactions during chemotherapy with drugs of this group, and current approaches to prevention and correction of fluoropyrimidine cardiotoxicity. The presented clinical case confirms that vasospasm is a manifestation of capecitabin cardiotoxicity. This case also illustrates the importance of interaction and co-ordination of the work of oncologists and cardiologists at all stages of care of oncological patients.Aim Energy drinks (ED) contain high levels of caffeine and taurine and are associated with several cardiovascular effects. We investigated acute effects of consuming low caffeine and taurine content ED on left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function assessed by conventional and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.Material and methods In this crossover study, 34 healthy adults, age 19-48 yrs, drank an ED containing 53.25 milligrams of caffeine, 284 mg of taurine, or an equal volume of control drink (CD) on two separate sessions, 7-10 days apart. Standard echocardiographic and speckle tracking imaging were performed before and 60 min after consumption of the study beverages.Results Compared to CD, ED caused a significant increase in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (p=0.04) and RV systolic wave velocity (p=0.01) with no effect on global longitudinal strain when compared to CD. LV systolic function was not altered, but mitral early diastolic velocity by tissue Doppler imaging was significantly higher (p=0.031), and early diastolic strain rate, as measured by speckle tracking echocardiography, was significantly lower (p=0.022).Conclusion Reduced caffeine and taurine content ED does not affect LV systolic function, but increases RV longitudinal contractility and improves LV early diastolic filling.Aim To compare in-hospital outcomes (severe cardiovascular complications, CVC) in patients with IIB stage chronic lower limb ischemia (CLLI) in combination with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in the following groups stepwise percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and stenting and angioplasty of lower limb arteries (LLA) (group 1) and combination treatment, including PCI and open surgery on LLA (group 2).Material and methods Since 2019, the A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery has performed a retrospective study that includes patients with stage IIB CLLI in combination with IHD. Patients were divided into 2 groups group 1 (n=46), stepwise X-ray endovascular treatment (PCI and stenting and angioplasty of LLA); group 2 (n=46), stepwise combination treatment (PCI and open surgery on LLA). The endpoint included severe CVCs (death, acute myocardial infarction, acute cerebrovascular disease) and severe complications in the LLA area (stent thrombosis, repeated intervention on LLA, amputation).Results In 198 surgeries, none of 92 patients had severe CVC, and no fatal outcomes were observed. In group 2, there was one (2.1 %) severe complication on LLA during the early postoperative period, for which a successful additional intervention was performed.Conclusion Individualized approach to care of each patient with LLA pathology in combination with IHD helps avoiding severe CVCs at the hospital stage. It was shown that X-ray endovascular and combination treatments are safe and effective in the absence of fatal outcomes and acute disorders of coronary circulation at the hospital stage.Aim To determine the factors that influence the long-term prognosis in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) as a part of the prospective REGistry of pATients after myocArdial infarction (REGATA).Material and methods In 2012-2013, 481 post-myocardial infarction patients were included into the REGATA registry; 247 (51.4 %) were men, median age 72 [62; 78] years. The median duration of prospective follow-up after the inclusion into the registry was 6.1 [4.0-6.6] years. Data were obtained for 474 (98.5 %) patients. Statistical analysis was performed with the Microsoft Excel 2010, StatsoftStatistica10.0 software and partially manually by formulas. Methods of descriptive statistics were used. For quantitative variables with normal distribution, mean values and standard deviations were calculated; intergroup differences were evaluated with Student's t-test. Differences between groups of survived and deceased patients were evaluated with a nonparametric method using the Pearson's chi-squared test with a Yates's onclusion In the outpatient REGATA registry that included patients with MI at any previous time, the death rate for 6 years of follow-up was 41.6 %. In 61.5 % of cases, death was caused by cardiovascular diseases. In clinical practice in long-term, a higher risk of unfavorable outcome was associated with old age, III-IV functional class angina, a history of ACVD, AF, DM, and COPD while a lower risk was associated with the administration of antiplatelets, ACE inhibitors/ARB, and statins.
assessment of risk factors, cardiovascular status and intracardiac hemodynamics in patients with multiple myeloma before the start of specific antitumor therapy.Materials and methods The study included 2 equal groups of patients the first group - 25 patients with a newly diagnosed diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM), the comparison group - 25 patients with proven cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (hypertension (HD) and coronary heart disease (CHD)). All patients included in the study underwent standard laboratory diagnostics, instrumental research methods (ECG, Echo-KG, 24-hour Holter monitoring); proven CVD risk factors were also evaluated.Results When comparing the two groups, it was reliably shown that the state of CVD in patients with MM is comparable to that in patients with proven CVD. In patients from the main group, were revealed significant positive correlations of average strength between indicators of systemic inflammation, the lipid spectrum and intracardiac hemodynamics between the levels of CRP and triglycerides (r=0,415, p<0,05); between the values of CRP and LDL (r=0,345, p=0,09); CRP and LA volume (r=0,434, p<0,05); CRP and final diastolic volume (r=0,30, p<0,05). At the beginning, a high risk of developing CV- events in patients with MM may be due to cardiac remodeling associated with the activity of systemic inflammation.

in view the use of potentially cardiovasculartoxicity drugs for the treatment of multiple myeloma, the assessment of the CV status and consultation with a cardiologist/cardiologist with the selection of the necessary therapy should be obligatory step before starting specific treatment.
in view the use of potentially cardiovasculartoxicity drugs for the treatment of multiple myeloma, the assessment of the CV status and consultation with a cardiologist/cardiologist with the selection of the necessary therapy should be obligatory step before starting specific treatment.Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons and intraneuronal accumulation of protein aggregates. The exact mechanisms leading to neuronal death in PD are not fully understood, but several different molecular pathways are involved, leading to the concept that molecular subtypes may coexist in the nosological spectrum of PD. To this respect, immune system activation, both in the periphery and inside the central nervous system, was detected as a common trait of several pathogenic pathways of PD. The current working hypothesis implies that immune cells shift towards a proinflammatory phenotype and trigger the production of neurotoxic cytokines, ultimately contributing to neurodegeneration. While it is very important to understand how commonly used antiparkinson drugs interact with such changes, the search for treatments which may directly or indirectly modulate immune function is a great opportunity for disease modification.
Xylopic acid (XA) is the principal constituent obtained from the biofractionation of the dried fruits of Xylopia aethiopica. Our initial reports have established the acute anti-inflammatory activity of this kaurene diterpene.

Currently, we investigate the chronic anti-inflammatory activity of xylopic acid.

The adjuvant-induced arthritis model in rats was employed in carrying out the study.

It was observed from the study that XA significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed the oedema associated with adjuvant arthritis while preventing associated joint deformation as identified from the radiographs. Histopathological analysis of joints of treated animals revealed signs of bone reformation and re-calcification following XA administration. From the haematological analysis, xylopic acid significantly decreased eosinophil sedimentation rate (ESR) while also decreasing white blood cells (WBC), which were increased after arthritis induction. Serum analysis showed the inhibitory effect of XA on serum expression of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in arthritic rats.

Our study demonstrates the anti-arthritic activity of orally administered XA while pointing to a possible mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action.
Our study demonstrates the anti-arthritic activity of orally administered XA while pointing to a possible mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action.
During COVID-19 vaccine development studies, vaccines' efficacy and safety profiles should be carefully investigated. Only a few studies have shown that the COVID-19 vaccine can cause axillary lymphadenopathy on the injection arm. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of axillary lymphadenopathy and imaging findings using B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography (US) examinations in volunteers who had recently been vaccinated against COVID-19.

The ipsilateral and contralateral axillae of 101 volunteers who received the COVID-19 vaccine were evaluated using B-mode and Doppler US examinations. The volunteers were asked when and to which arm the vaccine had been applied, and the type and dose of the vaccine were recorded. It was also questioned whether the individual experienced any side effects after vaccination, such as pain, tenderness, fever, and redness at the injection site. In addition, the demographic data of the participants, such as age and gender, were recorded.

The B-mode US examinations revealed that the long- and short-axis diameters, size, cortical thickness, and asymmetric cortical thickening of the left axillary lymph nodes were significantly higher compared to the right side in individuals having received the CoronaVac vaccine (p<0.05). Panobinostat concentration When the individuals were evaluated separately according to gender, the frequency of cortical thickness and asymmetric cortical thickening in the left axillary lymph nodes was higher than on the right side in both males and females (p=0.011).

It should be kept in mind that ipsilateral reactive lymphadenopathy may develop after the COVID-19 vaccine. This knowledge can prevent unnecessary axillary lymph node biopsies.
It should be kept in mind that ipsilateral reactive lymphadenopathy may develop after the COVID-19 vaccine. This knowledge can prevent unnecessary axillary lymph node biopsies.
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