Notes

[Relationship among field-work determination as well as educating techniques between health care teachers].
Besides, silencing FBP1 weakened the radiosensitivity and alleviated radiation-induced apoptosis and DNA damage by promoting glycolysis. Mechanism exploration found that FBP1 promoted FBXW7 protein level through suppressing the autoubiquitination of FBXW7. Then, FBXW7 restrained mTOR level by facilitating mTOR ubiquitination, thereby suppressing glycolysis and promoting radiation-induced apoptosis and DNA damage. Furthermore, overexpressing FBP1 in vivo hindered tumor growth and enhanced the antitumor activity of radiation.

FBP1 promoted the radiosensitivity in NPC cells by inhibiting glycolysis through the FBXW7/mTOR axis.
FBP1 promoted the radiosensitivity in NPC cells by inhibiting glycolysis through the FBXW7/mTOR axis.Sepsis is commonly complicated by acute lung injury (ALI). We aimed to determine the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs expression profiles. Septic acute lung injury mouse model was established by cecal ligation and puncture. LPS was applied to induce inflammation in mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-s). Besides, LPS/Nigericin sodium salt was used to activate inflammasome in MH-s. LncRNA and mRNA profiles were detected using an Agilent microarray and identified by qPCR. Bioinformatic analyses were employed to analyze the expression profiles and multiple biological functions. Inflammation-related mRNAs were selected according to KEGG pathways and GO terms including inflammation response, immune response and cytokine activity. A network of inflammation related mRNAs and co-expressed lncRNAs was conducted. Finally, Gm33647 was identified as potential regulator in septic acute lung injury. Gm33647 was knock-downed via siRNA to explore functions. The results showed 353 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 3116 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. Co-expression networks of lncRNA-mRNA showed Gm33647 was a hub gene. Cis- and trans-regulation analyses revealed Gm41442, Gm38850 and Gm36841 could function as a network in septic ALI. LncRNA Gm33647 was reduced by LPS and increased by inflammasome activation in MH-s. Silencing Gm33647 up-regulated IL-6, IL10 and TNF-α in MH-s. When inflammasome was activated by LPS/Nigericin sodium salt, IL-1β, IL-18 and Caspase 1 were increased by silencing Gm33647 in MH-s. These results identified inflammation related lncRNAs and Gm33647 as potential regulators in septic ALI.
Ischemic stroke occurs when there is a sudden blockage of cerebral blood flow. This condition is a major cause of mortality, especially in low-income countries, and its incidence is dramatically increasing. Therapeutic strategies against stroke are therefore required. The present study explored the effects of dihydrocapsaicin on neuronal loss, brain infarct volume, and antioxidants in a rat model of permanent occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (Rt.MCAO).

Male Wistar rats received dihydrocapsaicin intraperitoneally for 7days after permanent occlusion of their right middle cerebral artery (Rt.MCAO). Then, the brain infarct volume, neuronal density, and antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities in the cortex and hippocampus were determined at the end of the study.

Dihydrocapsaicin treatment was found to significantly improve neuronal density, decrease infarct volume, reduce MDA elevation, improve CAT and SOD activities, decrease the density ratio of Bax and caspase-3, and increase the density ratio of Bcl-XL to β-actin in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.

The present study suggests that dihydrocapsaicin effectively mitigates cerebral ischemia-induced pathological changes in vivo, partly via antioxidant and anti-apoptotic pathways.
The present study suggests that dihydrocapsaicin effectively mitigates cerebral ischemia-induced pathological changes in vivo, partly via antioxidant and anti-apoptotic pathways.
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) occurs in renal artery stenosis, partial nephrectomy and most commonly during kidney transplantation. It brings serious consequences such as DGF (Delayed Graft Function) or organ dysfunction leading to renal failure and ultimate death. There is no effective therapy to handle the consequences of Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury. Cyclic nucleotides, cAMP and cGMP are the important second messengers that stimulate intracellular signal transduction for cell survival in response to growth factors and peptide hormones in normal tissues and in kidneys plays significant role that involves vascular tone regulation, inflammation and proliferation of parenchymal cells. Renal ischemia and subsequent reperfusion injury stimulate signal transduction pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, alteration in renal blood flow leading to necrosis and apoptosis of renal cell.

An extensive literature review of various search engines like PubMed, Medline, Bentham, Scopus, and EMBASE (Elsevier) databases was carried out. To understand the functioning of Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) and its pharmacological modulation in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Current therapeutic options may not be enough to treat renal I/R injury in group of patients and therefore, the current review has discussed the general characteristics and physiology of PDEs and preclinical-studies defining the relationship between PDEs expression in renal injury due to I/R and its outcome on renal function.

The role of PDE inhibitors in renal I/R injury and the clinical status of drugs for various renal diseases have been summarized in this review.
The role of PDE inhibitors in renal I/R injury and the clinical status of drugs for various renal diseases have been summarized in this review.Sympathetic vasomotor overactivity is a major feature leading to the cardiovascular dysfunction related to obesity. Considering that the retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) is an important fat visceral depot and receives intense sympathetic and afferent innervations, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects evoked by bilateral rWAT denervation in obese rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with HFD for 8 consecutive weeks and rWAT denervation was performed at the 6th week. Arterial pressure, splanchnic and renal sympathetic vasomotor nerve activities were assessed and inflammation and the components of the renin -angiotensin system were evaluated in different white adipose tissue depots. HFD animals presented higher serum levels of leptin and glucose, an increase in arterial pressure and splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity; rWAT denervation, normalized these parameters. Pro-inflammatory cytokines levels were significantly increased, as well as RAAS gene expression in WAT of HFD animals; rWAT denervation significantly attenuated these changes. In conclusion, HFD promotes vasomotor sympathetic overactivation and inflammation with repercussions on the cardiovascular system. In conclusion, the neural communication between WAT and the brain is fundamental to trigger sympathetic vasomotor activation and this pathway is a possible new therapeutic target to treat obesity-associated cardiovascular dysfunction.
The effect of the Toll-like receptor 7 agonist imiquimod before intradermal (ID) or intramuscular (IM) influenza vaccine in immunocompromised hosts is unknown.

In this open-label randomized controlled trial, kidney transplant recipients (KT) and people living with HIV (PLWH) were randomized to receive IM trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine alone (IM), IM vaccine after topical imiquimod (imi+IM) or ID vaccine after topical imiquimod (imi+ID). Immunogenicity was assessed by hemagglutination inhibition assay. The primary outcome was vaccine response, defined as seroconversion to at least one viral strain at day 21.

Seventy patients (35 KT and 35 PLWH) received IM (24), imi+IM (22), or imi+ID (24) vaccine. Vaccine response was 61% (14/23) with IM, 59% (13/22) with imi+IM, and 65% (15/23) with imi+ID vaccine (P=0.909). Vaccine response was associated with HIV infection compared to kidney transplantation (adjusted-OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.25 - 11.23, P=0.019), but not with imiquimod application nor ID injection. After vaccination, seroprotection to all viral strains was 79% (19/24) with IM, 68% (15/22) with imi+IM, and 70% (16/23) with imi+ID (P=0.657). We did not observe any vaccine-related severe adverse event.

In our study, topical imiquimod did not improve the immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in KT and in PLWH.
In our study, topical imiquimod did not improve the immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in KT and in PLWH.
Meningitis and spinal infections with Gram-negative bacteria after local injections for treatment of chronic back pain are rare. This study investigated an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections following computed tomography (CT)-guided spinal injections (SI).

A case was defined as a spinal infection or meningitis with P.aeruginosa after SI between 10
January and 1
March 2019 in the same outpatient clinic. Patients without microbiological evidence of P.aeruginosa but with a favourable response to antimicrobial therapy active against P.aeruginosa were defined as probable cases.

Twenty-eight of 297 patients receiving CT-guided SI during the study period developed meningitis or spinal infections. Medical records were available for 19 patients. In 15 patients, there was microbiological evidence of P.aeruginosa, and four patients were defined as probable cases. Two of 19 patients developed meningitis, while the remaining 17 patients developed spinal infections. The median time from SI to hospital admission was 8 days (interquartile range 2-23 days). Patients mainly presented with back pain (N=18; 95%), and rarely developed fever (N=3; 16%). Most patients required surgery (N=16; 84%). Seven patients (37%) relapsed and one patient died. Although the source of infection was not identified microbiologically, documented failures in asepsis when performing SI probably contributed to these infections.

SI is generally considered safe, but non-adherence to asepsis can lead to deleterious effects. Spinal infections caused by P.aeruginosa are difficult to treat and have a high relapse rate.
SI is generally considered safe, but non-adherence to asepsis can lead to deleterious effects. Smad3 signaling Spinal infections caused by P. aeruginosa are difficult to treat and have a high relapse rate.
To report sexual health outcomes in male patients undergoing open radical cystoprostatectomy using a validated questionnaire.

Beginning in 2017, male patients were asked to complete a validated questionnaire during scheduled post-cystectomy clinic visits that assessed sexual function using the 5 item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and supplemental questions which evaluated libido, orgasm, partner interest, and adequacy of pre-operative counselling. Baseline data and functional outcomes were compared and multivariable analysis performed.

A total of 134 patients who met inclusion criteria completed the questionnaire. Pre-operative IIEF-5 was available in 78 patients with a median score of 16 (IQR5-23). In those patients, median age at cystectomy was 68.9 years (IQR60.2-72.4) and median duration of follow-up was 17.3 months (IQR6.3-28.7). Median IIEF-5 score at time of survey completion was 1 (IQR1-11). Increasing age, shorter follow-up duration, insufficient counselling, and absence of partner interest were predictive of lower scores.
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