Notes

[Metabolic hepatic steatosis associated with being overweight in adults residing in Burkina Faso].
05). The CC variant of C/G polymorphism was not observed in patients with stone disease. CAG repeats less than 20 and more than 28 were mostly observed in ASF patients (
< 0.05).

CAG repeats and intron 4 C/G polymorphism in the AR gene have an association with renal calcium stone disease.
CAG repeats and intron 4 C/G polymorphism in the AR gene have an association with renal calcium stone disease.Even if a small portion of the population refuses vaccination due to anti-vaccination conspiracy theories or misinformation, this poses a threat to public health. We argue that addressing conspiracy theories with only corrective information is not enough. Instead, considering that they are complex narratives embedded in personal and cultural worldviews, they should be encountered with counternarratives. To identify existing narrative interventions aimed at countering anti-vaccination conspiracy theories and, more generally, map prerequisites for a narrative intervention to be successful, we present a systematic review of experimental effects of exposure to pro-vaccine narratives on a range of vaccination outcomes, based on 17 studies and 97 comparisons. We did not find any narrative interventions aimed directly at conspiracy theories. However, the review allowed us to make evidence-based recommendations for future research and for public communicators. This might help pro-vaccine communication match anti-vaccine communication in its potential to spread and go viral.Introduction Management of inflammatory rheumatic diseases has evolved based on improved treatment strategies and better management of comorbidities, specifically cardiovascular risk. Methotrexate is one of the first-line treatments in the management of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, but its cardiovascular effects are poorly understood. The purpose of this review is to assess the cardiovascular impact of methotrexate in inflammatory rheumatic disease.Areas covered Current knowledge about the mechanism of action of methotrexate on cardiovascular tissue is presented. A review of the literature in the Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases was performed. Current data about the cardiovascular effects of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and psoriasis are presented.Expert opinion Mechanism of action of methotrexate is based on the antagonism of purines. It reduces systemic inflammation and oxidative stress and improves the major cardiovascular risk factors. Methotrexate improves cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, but the mechanisms involved are partially identified. Data are controversial regarding its effects on endothelial function and atherosclerosis. Conversely, in the general population and in patients with HIV infection, methotrexate does not modify cardiovascular outcomes. Thus, methotrexate only improves cardiovascular risk by reducing systemic inflammation, and should not be used to prevent cardiovascular events.
Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is one of the common causes of obstructive uropathy dealt by urologists around the globe. The management of PUJO requires surgical intervention and pelvi-ureteral anastomosis is most time-consuming step in surgery and suturing plays a critical role for the good outcome of the surgery.

To assess the outcomes of continuous or interrupted suturing in open pyeloplasties done for PUJ obstruction.

This comparative study was conducted in the department of Urology in a tertiary care hospital of eastern India. A total of 60 patients with pelviureteric junction obstruction were included as per inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups depending upon whether continuous (Group A) or interrupted (Group B) suturing was done. Both groups were compared for mean operative time, mean suturing time, duration of post-operative drainage, mean drain output, post-operative hospital stay, postoperative GFR and improvement in GFR.

Out of 60 patients continuous and of post-operative drainage, mean drain output and postoperative hospital stay.
Objective of this case series is accurate access to the respective calyx with stone in horseshoe kidney while performing percutaneous nephrolithotmy in supine position. Reducing operative time and anaesthetic morbidity while performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy in horseshoe kidney with nephrolithiasis in supine position.

Four patient with one having bilateral renal calculi with horshoe kidney were selected randomly. There were no preference for age, gender; size, location and laterality of stone or BMI. All the patients fit into the AUA guideline criteria for management by percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Preoperative, perioperative and follow up data were collected.

Four patients with one having bilateral renal calculi underwent supine tubeless PCNL in 1 year in GMSV position. There was no intraoperative, post operative or on follow up complications in any patient. In all the patients stones were cleared completely in single setting.

Supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy in horseshoe kidney is an alternative to the standard prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the horseshoe kidney. It provides an additional benefit of performing the procedure in a single position, which is known to reduce total operating time, less anaesthesia related complications and less neuromusculoskeletal injury.
Supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy in horseshoe kidney is an alternative to the standard prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the horseshoe kidney. It provides an additional benefit of performing the procedure in a single position, which is known to reduce total operating time, less anaesthesia related complications and less neuromusculoskeletal injury.Blast diseases, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, are among the most destructive diseases that occur on at least 50 species of grasses, including cultivated cereals wheat, and rice. Although fungicidal control of blast diseases has widely been researched, development of resistance of the pathogen against commercially available products makes this approach unreliable. Novel approaches such as the application of biopesticides against the blast fungus are needed for sustainable management of this economically important disease. Antagonistic microorganisms, such as fungi and probiotic bacteria from diverse taxonomic genera were found to suppress blast fungi both in vitro and in vivo. Various classes of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids of plant and microbial origin significantly inhibit fungal growth and may also be effective in managing blast diseases. Common modes of action of microbial biocontrol agents include antibiosis, production of lytic enzymes, induction of systemic resistance in host plant, and competition for nutrients or space. However, the precise mechanism of biocontrol of the blast fungus by antagonistic microorganisms and/or their bioactive secondary metabolites is not well understood. Commercial formulations of biocontrol agents and bioactive natural products could be cost-effective and sustainable but their availability at this time is extremely limited. This review updates our knowledge on the infection pathway of the wheat blast fungus, catalogs naturally occurring biocontrol agents that may be effective against blast diseases, and discusses their role in sustainable management of the disease.In this paper, we concentrate on the statistical properties of Gamma-X family of distributions. A special case of this family is the Gamma-Weibull distribution. Therefore, the statistical properties of Gamma-Weibull distribution as a sub-model of Gamma-X family are discussed such as moments, variance, skewness, kurtosis and Rényi entropy. Also, the parameters of the Gamma-Weibull distribution are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. Saracatinib clinical trial Some sub-models of the Gamma-X are investigated, including the cumulative distribution, probability density, survival and hazard functions. The Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to assess the performances of these estimators. Finally, the adequacy of Gamma-Weibull distribution in data modeling is verified by the two clinical real data sets.Mathematics Subject Classification 62E99; 62E15.We present a case of delayed vocal process granulomas and anterior glottic web after treatment of vocal fold papillomas with a laryngeal microdebrider and CO2 laser ablation. This case highlights a risk of vocal fold granuloma in the setting of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and microdebrider use, warranting close follow-up and consideration of prophylactic voice therapy, anti-reflux medications, and steroid injection in cases of violation of vocal cord epithelium.
To prevent aesthetic and functional deformities, precisely closed reduction is crucial in the management of nasal fractures. Plain film radiography (PF), ultrasonography (USG), and computed tomography can help confirm the diagnosis and classification of fractures and assist in performing closed reduction. However, no study in the literature reports on precisely closed reduction assisted with PF measurements under the picture archiving and communication system (PACS).

We retrospectively evaluated 153 patients with nasal bone fracture between January 2013 and December 2017. Surgeons conducted precisely closed reduction assisted with PF measurement of the distance between the fracture site and nasal tip under PACS on 34 patients (group A). Another group on 119 patients were reduced under surgeon's experience (group B).

No significant differences in age, gender, Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesefragen (AO) classification, and reduction outcome were observed between group A and group B (
> .05). Therformed precisely, thereby effectively decreasing operative time and the occurrence of complications. This procedure requires neither the use of new instruments or C-arm nor USG or navigation experience. Moreover, reduction can be easily performed using this method, and it requires short operative time, helps achieve great reduction, less radiation exposures, and is cost-effective.
While paediatric ureteroscopy has been increasingly performed, the evidence for its use in paediatric lower pole stones (LPS) is sparce. In this study we look at the effectiveness and outcomes of flexible ureteroscopy and lasertripsy (FURSL) in the management of LPS for a paediatric population.

Data were collected from two large European tertiary endourology centres which specialise in paediatric kidney stone management. The study was registered as an audit at the respective hospitals. All data were cross-checked and analysed using electronic operative notes, discharge records, laboratory systems and patient correspondence. The inclusion criteria were patients 16 years with lower pole stones having a FURSL procedure.

A total of 57 paediatric patients underwent FURSL for LPS. The mean age was 10.1 years + 4.7 (range 1-16.9 years) with a malefemale ratio of 23. The mean single stone size was 9.45+3.9 mm (range 3-20 mm) and 31(54.4%) had multiple stones. A pre-operative stent was present in 18(31.6%) patients and a post-operative stent or ureteric catheter was left behind in 32(56.1%) patients. The initial and final SFR was 82.4% and 98.2% respectively with 1.19 procedures per patient performed to be stone free. While there were no intra-operative complications, there were only four(7%) minor complications (Clavien I) noted which were all simple urinary infections. No long-term complications were noted.

Flexible ureteroscopy and lasertripsy achieves excellent outcomes for treatment of paediatric LPS. While some patients might need a second procedure for complete stone clearance, FURSL may be considered as the first-line treatment of lower pole stones.
Flexible ureteroscopy and lasertripsy achieves excellent outcomes for treatment of paediatric LPS. While some patients might need a second procedure for complete stone clearance, FURSL may be considered as the first-line treatment of lower pole stones.
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