Notes

Wild-Type Transthyretin Amyloidosis in Female Patients　- Contemplation on Making love Distinctions.
We also find that the SINDy measles model is capable of out-of-sample prediction of a dynamical regime shift in measles case notification data. These results demonstrate the potential for algorithmic model discovery to enrich scientific understanding by providing a complementary approach to developing theoretical models.Improving extinction learning has the potential to optimize psychotherapy for persistent anxiety-related disorders. Recent findings show that extinction learning can be improved with a cognitively demanding eye-movement intervention. It is, however, unclear whether [1] any cognitively-demanding task can enhance extinction, or whether it is limited to eye movements, and [2] the effectiveness of such an intervention can be enhanced by increasing cognitive load. Participants (n = 102, n = 75 included in the final sample) completed a Pavlovian threat conditioning paradigm across two days. One group underwent standard extinction (Control), a second group underwent extinction paired with a 1-back working memory task (Low-Load), and a third group underwent extinction paired with a 2-back working memory task (High-Load). We found that the conditioned response during extinction was reduced for both the Low-Load and the High-Load groups compared to the Control group. This reduction persisted during recovery the following day when no working memory task was executed. Finally, we found that within the High-Load group, participants with lower accuracy scores on the 2-back task (i.e., for who the task was more difficult) had a stronger reduction in the conditioned response. We did not observe this relationship within the Low-Load group. Our findings suggest that cognitive load induced by a working memory intervention embedded during extinction reduces persistent threat responses.We have recently identified and characterized two pseudogenes (HMGA1P6 and HMGA1P7) of the HMGA1 gene, which has a critical role in malignant cell transformation and cancer progression. HMGA1P6 and HMGAP17 act as microRNA decoy for HMGA1 and other cancer-related genes upregulating their protein levels. We have previously shown that they are upregulated in several human carcinomas, and their expression positively correlates with a poor prognosis and an advanced cancer stage. To evaluate in vivo oncogenic activity of HMGA1 pseudogenes, we have generated a HMGA1P7 transgenic mouse line overexpressing this pseudogene. By a mean age of 12 months, about 50% of the transgenic mice developed splenomegaly and accumulation of lymphoid cells in several body compartments. For these mice FACS and immunohistochemical analyses suggested the diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma that was further supported by clonality analyses and RNA expression profile of the pathological tissues of the HMGA1P7 transgenic tissues. Therefore, these results clearly demonstrate the oncogenic activity of HMGA1 pseudogenes in vivo.Presurgical investigations for categorizing focal patterns are crucial, leading to localization and surgical removal of the epileptic focus. This paper presents a machine learning approach using information theoretic features extracted from high-frequency subbands to detect the epileptic focus from interictal intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG). It is known that high-frequency subbands (>80 Hz) include important biomarkers such as high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) for identifying epileptic focus commonly referred to as the seizure onset zone (SOZ). In this analysis, the multi-channel interictal iEEG signals were splitted into segments and each segment was decomposed into multiple high-frequency subbands. The different types of entropy were calculated for each of the subbands and the sparse linear discriminant analysis (sLDA) was applied to select the prominent entropy features. Due to the imbalance of SOZ and non-SOZ channels in iEEG data, the use of machine learning techniques is always tricky. To deal with the imbalanced learning problem, an adaptive synthetic oversampling approach (ADASYN) with radial basis function kernel-based SVM was used to detect the focal segments. Finally, the epileptic focus was identified based on detection of focal segments on SOZ and non-SOZ channels. Eight patients were examined to observe the efficiency of the automatic detector. The experimental results and statistical tests indicate that the proposed automatic detector can identify the epileptic focus accurately and efficiently.Sea surface temperature (SST) is a fundamental driver of tropical weather systems such as monsoon rainfall and tropical cyclones. However, understanding of the factors that control SST variability is lacking, especially during the monsoons when in situ observations are sparse. Here we use a ground-breaking observational approach to determine the controls on the SST variability in the southern Bay of Bengal. We achieve this through the first full closure of the ocean mixed layer energy budget derived entirely from in situ observations during the Bay of Bengal Boundary Layer Experiment (BoBBLE). Locally measured horizontal advection and entrainment contribute more significantly than expected to SST evolution and thus oceanic variability during the observation period. These processes are poorly resolved by state-of-the-art climate models, which may contribute to poor representation of monsoon rainfall variability. The novel techniques presented here provide a blueprint for future observational experiments to quantify the mixed layer heat budget on longer time scales and to evaluate these processes in models.Balloon catheter endothelial denudation in New Zealand white rabbits fed high cholesterol diet is a validated atherosclerosis model. Well-characterized in terms of atherosclerosis induction and progression, the metabolic changes associated with the atherosclerosis progression remain indeterminate. Non-targeted metabolomics permits to develop such elucidation and allows to evaluate the metabolic consequences of colchicine treatment, an anti-inflammatory drug that could revert these changes. 16 rabbits underwent 18 weeks of atherosclerosis induction by diet and aortic denudation. selleck compound Thereafter animals were randomly assigned to colchicine treatment or placebo for 18 weeks while on diet. Plasma samples were obtained before randomization and at 36 weeks. Multiplatform (GC/MS, CE/MS, RP-HPLC/MS) metabolomics was applied. Plasma fingerprints were pre-processed, and the resulting matrixes analyzed to unveil differentially expressed features. Different chemical annotation strategies were accomplished for those significant features. We found metabolites associated with either atherosclerosis progression, or colchicine treatment, or both. Atherosclerosis was profoundly associated with an increase in circulating bile acids. Most of the changes associated with sterol metabolism could not be reverted by colchicine treatment. However, the variations in lysine, tryptophan and cysteine metabolism among others, have shown new potential mechanisms of action of the drug, also related to atherosclerosis progression, but not previously described.Despite the efforts of a number of research groups worldwide, we still have a poor understanding of the chemical nature of the fish kairomones which induce defensive morphology, life history and behavior in their planktonic prey. Bile excreted by foraging fish play a crucial role in their signaling systems. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we revealed the presence of primary and secondary bile acids and bile salts in fish-conditioned water, similar as in carp bile. Upon exposure to either fish bile or commercially acquired bile salts, Daphnia demonstrated similar changes in life history and behavior as when exposed to fish kairomones. The synergic effect of the injured Daphnia alarm substance with fish bile on Daphnia life history is similar to the adaptive effect of the same alarm substance combined with fish kairomones. This strongly supports the view that fish bile or selected bile acids/salts may be responsible for the biological activity of kairomones.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.Our existence in the Universe resulted from a rare combination of circumstances. The same must hold for any highly developed extraterrestrial civilisation, and if they have ever existed in the Milky Way, they would likely be scattered over large distances in space and time. However, all technologically advanced species must be aware of the unique property of the galactic centre it hosts Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the closest supermassive black hole to anyone in the Galaxy. A civilisation with sufficient technical know-how may have placed material in orbit around Sgr A* for research, energy extraction, and communication purposes. In either case, its orbital motion will necessarily be a source of gravitational waves. We show that a Jupiter-mass probe on the retrograde innermost stable circular orbit around Sgr A* emits, depending on the black hole spin, at a frequency of fGW = 0.63-1.07 mHz and with a power of PGW = 2.7 × 1036-2.0 × 1037 erg/s. We discuss that the energy output of a single star is sufficient to stabilise the location of an orbiting probe for a billion years against gravitational wave induced orbital decay. Placing and sustaining a device near Sgr A* is therefore astrophysically possible. Such a probe will emit an unambiguously artificial continuous gravitational wave signal that is observable with LISA-type detectors.One of the most significant issues for superconductivity is clarifying the momentum-dependent superconducting gap Δ([Formula see text]), which is closely related to the pairing mechanism. To elucidate the gap structure, it is essential to investigate Δ([Formula see text]) in as many different physical quantities as possible and to crosscheck the results obtained in different methods with each other. In this paper, we report a combinatorial investigation of the superfluid density and the flux-flow resistivity of iron-pnictide superconductors; LiFeAs and BaFe2(As1-xPx)2 (x = 0.3, 0.45). We evaluated Δ([Formula see text]) by fitting these two-independent quantities with a two-band model simultaneously. The obtained Δ([Formula see text]) are consistent with the results observed in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning-tunneling spectroscopy (STS) studies. We believe our approach is a powerful method for investigating Δ([Formula see text]) because it does not require a sample with clean surface unlike ARPES and STS experiments, or a rotational magnetic-field system for direct measurements of the angular dependence of thermodynamic quantities.The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term trends of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mortality in China and its associations with age, period and birth cohort. We used HIV mortality data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2016 and analysed the data with an age-period-cohort framework. Age effects indicate different risks of different outcomes at specific periods in life; period effects reflect population- wide exposure at a circumscribed point in time; and cohort effects generally reflect differences in risk across birth cohorts.Our results showed that the overall annual percentage change (net drift) of HIV mortality was 11.3% (95% CI 11.0% to 11.6%) for males and 7.2% (95% CI 7.0% to 7.5%) for females, and the annual percentage changes in each age group (local drift) were greater than 5% (p  less then  0.01 for all) in both sexes. In the same birth cohort, the risk of death from HIV increased with age in both sexes after controlling for period effects, and the risk for each five-year period was 1.
Read More: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cp21r7-cp21.html