Notes

CircSPAG16 suppresses cadmium-induced alteration involving man bronchial epithelial cells by decoying PIP5K1α to be able to inactivate Akt.
To validate a simultaneous analysis tool for the brain and cervical cord embedded in the statistical parametric mapping (SPM) framework, we compared trauma-induced macro- and microstructural changes in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients to controls. The findings were compared with results obtained from existing processing tools that assess the brain and spinal cord separately. A probabilistic brain-spinal cord template (BSC) was generated using a generative semi-supervised modelling approach. The template was incorporated into the pre-processing pipeline of voxel-based morphometry and voxel-based quantification analyses in SPM. This approach was validated on T1-weighted scans and multiparameter maps, by assessing trauma-induced changes in SCI patients relative to controls and comparing the findings with the outcome from existing analytical tools. Consistency of the MRI measures was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The SPM approach using the BSC template revealed trauma-induced changes across the sensorimotor system in the cord and brain in SCI patients. These changes were confirmed with established approaches covering brain or cord, separately. The ICC in the brain was high within regions of interest, such as the sensorimotor cortices, corticospinal tracts and thalamus. The simultaneous voxel-wise analysis of brain and cervical spinal cord was performed in a unique SPM-based framework incorporating pre-processing and statistical analysis in the same environment. Validation based on a SCI cohort demonstrated that the new processing approach based on the brain and cord is comparable to available processing tools, while offering the advantage of performing the analysis simultaneously across the neuraxis.microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been recognized as playing an important role in bone-associated diseases. This study investigated whether the reduced miR-155-5p in steroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) attenuated osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation by targeting GSK3B. Bone marrow was collected from the proximal femurs of patients with steroid-associated ONFH (n = 10) and patients with new femoral neck fracture (n = 10) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated. The expression profile, the biological function of miR-155-5p, and the interaction between miR-155-5p and GSK3B were investigated by cell viability measurement, western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction, luciferase reporter assay, and Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining of MSCs. The MSCs that were obtained from the femoral neck fracture group and from the steroid-associated ONFH group were transfected with or without miR-155-5p. We found that, in ONFH samples, the level of mature miR-155-5p was significantly lower than that of control samples. By inhibiting GSK3B, miR-155-5p promoted the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, increased the expression of osteogenesis-related genes, and facilitated the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. Restoring the expression of GSK3B in MSCs partially reversed the effect of miR-155-5p. These findings suggest that reduced miR-155-5p in steroid-associated ONFH attenuates osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation by increased levels of GSK3B and inhibition of Wnt signaling.
In elderly patients with a urinary tract infection, the influence of mental status on the frequency of local urinary tract symptoms is uncertain. We aim to compare the frequency of reported local urinary tract symptoms between mentally intact and cognitively impaired older people with a bacteraemic urinary tract infection.

We retrospectively selected consecutive patients aged 65years or older hospitalised in internal medicine departments in a regional hospital from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2016 if they had identical bacteria isolated from blood and urine cultures. Mentally intact patients were those who were alert on admission and throughout their hospitalisation and without a prior or new diagnosis of dementia.

Of 222 patients with a bacteraemic urinary tract infection, 125 (56.3%) did not have local urinary tract symptoms, 68.8% (86/125, 95% CI-60.7%-76.9%) cognitively impaired, compared with 40.2% (39/97, 95% CI-30.4%-50.7%) in those mentally intact (P<.001).

The absence of local urinary tract symptoms in elderly patients with a bacteraemic urinary tract infection is less frequent but common in those mentally intact, and should not preclude the need for a urine culture or antibiotic therapy.
The absence of local urinary tract symptoms in elderly patients with a bacteraemic urinary tract infection is less frequent but common in those mentally intact, and should not preclude the need for a urine culture or antibiotic therapy.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of polypharmacy in hospitalised patients in Jordan to help guide healthcare efforts in decreasing the burden on the healthcare system.

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Jordan Hospital in Amman, Jordan. During the study period, a convenience sample of patients admitted to the internal medicine and surgical wards were approached to take part in this study. Following patients' recruitments, patients were interviewed and their medical files were reviewed to obtain demographic and clinical information regarding their medical conditions and their regular use of medicines. Then, the prevelence of patients with polypharmacy were identified, and factors predicting polypharmacy among them were determined.

Among the 300 participants who agreed to participate in this study, females represented 45.3% of the recruited sample (n=139), and around 48.0% (n=144) of the study sample were elderly people (≥65years old). Most of the recruharmaceutical care services leading to treatment optimisation and ensuring desired treatment outcomes.
The present study showed that polypharmacy is prevalent among patients in Jordan. While polypharmacy was not affected by smoking status, gender, BMI and educational level, it was significantly affected by monthly income and age. Further plans should be put in place to reduce polypharmacy, starting with effective pharmaceutical care services leading to treatment optimisation and ensuring desired treatment outcomes.
Dental educators play crucial roles in dental education and in the functioning of dental schools. Whilst it is recognised that dental educators need more than relevant disciplinary expertise and that scholarly development of dental educators is important, there is a lack of knowledge about ways research can be used to promote professional development. This article aims to showcase a research methodology for professional inquiry that is widely used in teacher education to promote the view that dental education is a professional practice.

Self-study methodology was employed by four dental educators to illuminate their theory-informed practice. We chose to frame the inquiry around technology and accumulated three forms of data individual journaling, video-call discussions and Padlet/bricolage. Analysis of this data focused on how the learning was co-constructed by the group.

Five key elements of our self-study were constructed into narratives understanding technology as a dental educator, being a learner and embodied scholarship, the (expanded) roles of a teacher in a technological environment, advancing our own professional identity as an educator, and possibilities and limits for self-study in the dental education context.

Professionalisation of dental educators is critical to sustainable dental education. By educators researching their own practice, research approaches such as self-study can perform a dual role of facilitating scholarly development and contributing to the generation of new knowledge about becoming and being a dental educator.
Professionalisation of dental educators is critical to sustainable dental education. By educators researching their own practice, research approaches such as self-study can perform a dual role of facilitating scholarly development and contributing to the generation of new knowledge about becoming and being a dental educator.Many critically endangered plant species exist in small, genetically depauperate or inbred populations, making assisted gene flow interventions necessary for long-term population viability. However, before such interventions are implemented, conservation practitioners must consider the genetic and demographic status of extant populations, which are strongly affected by species' life-history traits. In northwestern Europe, Juniperus communis, a dioecious, wind-pollinated and bird-dispersed gymnosperm, has been declining for the past century and largely exists in small, isolated and senescent populations. To provide useful recommendations for a recovery plan involving translocation of plants, we investigated genetic diversity and structure of populations in Belgium using four microsatellite and five plastid single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We detected no clonality in the populations, suggesting predominantly sexual reproduction. Populations exhibited high genetic diversity (He = 0.367-0.563) and low to moderate genetic differentiation (FST ≤ 0.133), with no clear geographic structure. Highly positive inbreeding coefficients (FIS = 0.221-0.507) were explained by null alleles, population substructuring and biparental inbreeding. No isolation by distance was observed among distant populations, but isolation at close geographic proximity was found. Patterns were consistent with high historical gene flow through pollen and seed dispersal at both short and long distances. We also tested four pre-germination treatments among populations to improve germination rates; however, germination rates remained low and only cold-stratification treatments induced germination in some populations. selleck kinase inhibitor To bolster population regeneration, introductions of cuttings from several source populations are recommended, in combination with in situ management practices that improve seedling survival and with ex situ propagation.Regioselective transformation is among the long-standing challenges in organic synthesis. In this communication, a copper-catalyzed selectivity controlled regiodivergent borocarbonylation of imines with alkyl iodides has been developed. Various α-amino ketones and α-boryl amides were produced in moderate to good yields from the same substrates. The choice of the ligand is key for the regioselectivity control α-amino ketones were produced selectively in good yields with (p-CF3 C6 H4 )3 P as the ligand, whereas the corresponding α-boryl amides were obtained with high regioselectivities when using Me IMes as the ligand.
Acquired resistance to drug involves multilayered genetic and epigenetic regulation. Inhibition of EZH2 has proven to reverse the tamoxifen resistance back to the sensitive state in breast cancer. However, the molecular players involved in EZH2-mediated effects on tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 cells are unknown. This study was conducted to understand the global change in proteome profile of tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells upon EZH2 knockdown.

Tamoxifen resistance MCF-7 breast cancer cells were established using increasing concentrations of 4-hydroxy tamoxifen. Using label free proteomics approach, we studied the alteration in total proteome in resistant cells as well as cells transfected with siEZH2 in comparison to sensitive and cells transfected with non-targeting siRNA.

Here, we report list of proteins that were previously not recognized for their role in tamoxifen resistance and hold a close association with breast cancer patient survival. Proteins Annexin A2, CD44, nucleosome assembly protein 1, and lamin A/C were among the most upregulated protein in tamoxifen-resistant cells that were found to be abrogated upon EZH2 knockdown.
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