Notes

Implications involving Anabolic-Androgenic Anabolic steroid Neglect in men; Erotic as well as The reproductive system Point of view.
SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, encounters associated with male sexual medicine made up a significantly larger portion of our outpatient practice. Although the full influence of the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be delineated, our findings suggest telemedicine use is compatible with the field of sexual medicine. Rabinowitz MJ, Kohn TP, Ellimoottil C, et al. The Impact of Telemedicine on Sexual Medicine at a Major Academic Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sex Med 2021;9100366.
Cycling can lead to microtrauma due to increased perineal pressure, possibly contributing to genital numbness and sexual dysfunction in female cyclists.

We aim to explore the associations between cycling characteristics, female genital numbness, and female sexual dysfunction.

We conducted a cross-sectional study on female cyclists and sexual wellness. Participants were recruited through Facebook® advertisements and online outreach at athletic clubs. Participants were asked about their cycling characteristics, genital numbness, and female sexual function using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Univariate and multivariable linear and logistic regression were used to assess risk factors for genital numbness and the association between genital numbness and the FSFI.

The outcome measures were cycling characteristics, questions regarding numbness (intensity, duration, location), and the FSFI score.

Eight-hundred and seventy-five women were included in the study. Total lifetime miles cycled, biking oss-Sectional Study. Sex Med 2021;9100365.
Genital numbness is common in women who cycle and is associated with increased risk of FSD and lower average sexual response scores on FSFI. Lui H, Mmonu N, Awad MA, et al. Association of Bicycle-Related Genital Numbness and Female Sexual Dysfunction Results From a Large, Multinational, Cross-Sectional Study. Sex Med 2021;9100365.
Brain sexual differentiation results from the effects of sex steroids on the developing brain. The presumptive route for brain masculinization is the direct induction of gene expression via activation of the estrogen receptors α and β and the androgen receptor through their binding to ligands and to coactivators, regulating the transcription of multiple genes in a cascade effect.

To analyze the implication of the estrogen receptor coactivators SRC-1, SRC-2, and SRC-3 in the genetic basis of gender incongruence.

Analysis of 157 polymorphisms located at the estrogen receptor coactivators SRC-1, SRC-2, and SRC-3, in 94 transgender versus 94 cisgender individuals.

Using SNPStats software, the allele and genotype frequencies were analyzed by χ2, the strength of the association was measured by binary logistic regression, estimating the odds ratio for each genotype. Measurements of linkage disequilibrium and haplotype frequencies were also performed.

We found significant differences at level P < .05 in or Coactivators SRC1 and SRC2 in the Biological Basis of Gender Incongruence. Sex Med 2021;9100368.The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), acting at the serotonin transporter (SERT), are one of the most widely prescribed antidepressant medications. All five approved SSRIs possess either fluorine or chlorine atoms, and there is a limited number of reports describing their analogs with heavier halogens, i.e., bromine and iodine. To elucidate the role of halogen atoms in the binding of SSRIs to SERT, we designed a series of 22 fluoxetine and fluvoxamine analogs substituted with fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine atoms, differently arranged on the phenyl ring. The obtained biological activity data, supported by a thorough in silico binding mode analysis, allowed the identification of two partners for halogen bond interactions the backbone carbonyl oxygen atoms of E493 and T497. Additionally, compounds with heavier halogen atoms were found to bind with the SERT via a distinctly different binding mode, a result not presented elsewhere. The subsequent analysis of the prepared XSAR sets showed that E493 and T497 participated in the largest number of formed halogen bonds. read more The XSAR library analysis led to the synthesis of two of the most active compounds (3,4-diCl-fluoxetine 42, SERT Ki = 5 nM and 3,4-diCl-fluvoxamine 46, SERT Ki = 9 nM, fluoxetine SERT Ki = 31 nM, fluvoxamine SERT Ki = 458 nM). We present an example of the successful use of a rational methodology to analyze binding and design more active compounds by halogen atom introduction. 'XSAR library analysis', a new tool in medicinal chemistry, was instrumental in identifying optimal halogen atom substitution.SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in more than 141 million people and caused more than 3 million deaths worldwide. To reduce the additional loss of millions of lives until natural immunity is reached, researchers have focused on the only known method to stop the COVID-19 pandemic vaccines. The pandemic has propelled high-speed vaccine development, some based on novel technology previously not utilized in the vaccine field. The new technology opens new possibilities and comes with challenges because the long-term performance of the new platforms is unknown. Here we review the current leading vaccine candidates against COVID-19 and outline the advantages and disadvantages as well as the unknowns of each candidate.
Hormone Therapy (HT) reduces the risk of breast cancer recurrence and mortality in women with breast cancer. Despite these clinical benefits, rates of HT non-adherence and non-persistence are high. Research suggests this may be due to the impact of HT side effects. However, little research has explored the individual contribution of side effects to non-adherence and non-persistence behaviours, thereby hindering the implementation of targeted intervention strategies. Our aim is to review the published literature on breast cancer survivors' lived experiences of HT side effects and explore how these may be related to non-adherence and non-persistence behaviour.

Electronic searches were conducted from inception to May 2020, utilising Cochrane CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, Web of Science and PsycINFO databases. Searches included a combination of terms related to breast cancer, adherence, hormone therapy and side effects.

Sixteen eligible papers were identified, and study quality was high. Data were thematically synthesised into four analytical themes, which encompassed 13 descriptive sub-themes 'Daily impact of side-effects', 'Role of Health Care Professionals', 'Managing HT side-effects', and 'Weighing up the pros and cons'.

HT side effects significantly impact breast cancer survivor's quality of life. A lack of support from healthcare providers leads to self-management strategies, which negatively affects adherence and persistence behaviour.
HT side effects significantly impact breast cancer survivor's quality of life. A lack of support from healthcare providers leads to self-management strategies, which negatively affects adherence and persistence behaviour.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common non-traumatic neurological cause of disability in young adults. Physical activity, particularly exercise training, is an evidence-based approach to managing symptoms, restoring function, and improving overall wellness in people with MS. As well, the use of probiotics can be effective in reducing the damage from inflammation in MS patients.

The study aimed to address changes in leptin, serotonin, and cortisol following eight weeks of aerobic exercise along with probiotic intake in a cuprizone-induced demyelination mouse model of MS.

Mice were exposed to cuprizone for 12weeks. After 5weeks, beam and performance tests were performed on them. The mice (n=5 per group) were randomly divided into five groups control (C), MS, MS with exercise (MS+Exe), MS with probiotic (MS+Prob), and MS with probiotic and exercise (MS+Prob+Exe). Exercise groups performed aerobic exercises 5days a week, 10min in the first week, 20min in the second week, and 30min daily in the third weehological factors in patients with MS.
Overall, these results suggest that lifestyle interventions can be effective in improving pathological factors in patients with MS.
To examine whether venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) improves survival of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted up to August 2019 of the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane. All studies reporting the survival of adult patients with acute PE treated with VA-ECMO and including four patients or more were included. Exclusion criteria were correspondences, reviews and studies in absence of a full text, written in other languages than English or Dutch, or dating before 1980. Short-term (hospital or 30-day) survival data were pooled and presented with relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Also, the following pre-defined factors were evaluated for their association with survival in VA-ECMO treated patients age > 60 years, male sex, pre-ECMO cardiac arrest, surgical embolectomy, catheter directed therapy, systemic thrombolysis, and VA-ECMO as single therapy.

A total of 29 observational studies were included (N = 1947 patients VA-ECMO N = 1138 and control N = 809). There was no difference in short-term survival between VA-ECMO treated patients and control patients (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.71-1.16). In acute PE patients undergoing VA-ECMO, age > 60 years was associated with lower survival (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52-0.99), surgical embolectomy was associated with higher survival (RR 1.96, 95% CI 1.39-2.76) and pre-ECMO cardiac arrest showed a trend toward lower survival (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.77-1.01). The other evaluated factors were not associated with a difference in survival.

At present, there is insufficient evidence that VA-ECMO treatment improves short-term survival of acute PE patients. Low quality evidence suggest that VA-ECMO patients aged ≤60 years or who received SE have higher survival rates. Considering the limited evidence derived from the present data, this study emphasizes the need for prospective studies.

PROSPERO CRD42019120370.
PROSPERO CRD42019120370.
Margin status and lymph node metastasis are the most important prognostic factors for oral cancers. However, while adequate surgical resection is crucial for local control and prognosis, the definition of clear margins has long been a subject of debate. In this study, we analyzed data from a nationwide population-based cancer registry database and evaluated the impact of surgical margins on cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) as well as the optimal cutoff of adequate surgical margins.

This analysis included all cases of oral cancer diagnosed from 2011 to 2017 that were reported to the Taiwan Cancer Registry database. The staging system was converted from American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) version 7 to AJCC version 8. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional-hazards regression were performed to identify covariates that were significantly associated with CSS and OS.

Between 2011 and 2017, 15,654 of a total of 36,091 cases diagnosed with oral cancers were included in the final analyses. Advanced N stage, positive margins, and advanced T stage are the leading risk factors for poor CSS and OS. When surgical margins were subdivided into 1-mm intervals from 5mm to positive margin, we found that surgical margins <4mm and <5mm predict poor CSS and OS, respectively.

This is the first nationwide, population-based cohort to revisit the question of the adequate surgical margins for oral cancers. We conclude that surgical margins ≥4mm and ≥5mm are adequate for good CSS and OS, respectively.
This is the first nationwide, population-based cohort to revisit the question of the adequate surgical margins for oral cancers. We conclude that surgical margins ≥4 mm and ≥5 mm are adequate for good CSS and OS, respectively.
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