Notes

Association between Identified Strain as well as Rhinitis-Related Quality of Life: The Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study.
Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy regimens are highly effective at eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) are lower in patients with decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Since many of these patients will be referred for liver transplant, they will require retreatment after transplantation. Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX) is recommended by guidelines as the preferred regimen to treat HCV in DAA-experienced patients following liver transplant however there is limited data.

We present the cases of six liver transplant recipients who had previous treatment failure with sofosbuvir-based DAA therapy prior to transplantation and who then received SOF/VEL/VOX after transplant.

This case series demonstrate the real-world efficacy and safety of SOF/VEL/VOX in the post liver transplant setting. 4-MU compound library inhibitor Treatment was successful with all patients achieving SVR, it was well tolerated, and there were minimal drug-drug interactions with their immunosuppressants.
This case series demonstrate the real-world efficacy and safety of SOF/VEL/VOX in the post liver transplant setting. Treatment was successful with all patients achieving SVR, it was well tolerated, and there were minimal drug-drug interactions with their immunosuppressants.
The recommended monitoring tools for evaluating nucleot(s)ide analogue renal toxicity, such as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and phosphatemia, are late markers of proximal tubulopathy. link2 Multiple early markers are available, but no consensus exists on their use.

To determine the 24 mo prevalence of subclinical proximal tubulopathy (SPT), as defined with early biomarkers, in treated
untreated hepatitis B virus (HBV)-monoinfected patients.

A prospective, non-randomized, multicenter study of HBV-monoinfected patients with a low number of renal comorbidities was conducted. The patients were separated into three groups Naïve, starting entecavir (ETV) treatment, or starting tenofovir disoproxil (TDF) treatment. Data on the early markers of SPT, the eGFR and phosphatemia, were collected quarterly. SPT was defined as a maximal tubular reabsorption of phosphate/eGFR below 0.8 mmoL/L and/or uric acid fractional excretion above 10%. The prevalence and cumulative incidence of SPT at month 24 (M24) weTDF groups, respectively. The median survival time without SPT, evaluated only in the TDF group, was 5.9 mo.

The prevalence and incidence of SPT was higher in TDF-treated patients compared to naïve patients. SPT in the naïve population suggests that HBV can induce renal tubular toxicity.
The prevalence and incidence of SPT was higher in TDF-treated patients compared to naïve patients. SPT in the naïve population suggests that HBV can induce renal tubular toxicity.
In the last few years we have witnessed a revolution in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. link3 With the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), sustained virological response (SVR) is achieved in more than 95% of the patients. The focus is now being turned to the global targets set by the World Health Organization, with the aim of achieving HCV elimination by 2030. Prison inmates constitute one of the high-risk groups, and receive treatment less frequently due to several barriers in access to health care.

To describe the management and follow-up of a cohort of HCV monoinfected patients treated with DAA in the prison setting, where tertial referral liver center specialists locally provide, on-site assessment and treatment for the prisoners.

A prospective observational study was conducted from April 2017 to March 2020, which included all HCV monoinfected prison inmates in the largest Northern Portugal prison. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, as well as transient elasment of HCV-infected prisoners, achieved an exceptional highly effective success rate. This type of collaborative program should be considered to be expanded, to support hepatitis C elimination efforts.
In a population considered to be both hard-to-access and a cornerstone for HCV elimination, the onsite evaluation and treatment of HCV-infected prisoners, achieved an exceptional highly effective success rate. This type of collaborative program should be considered to be expanded, to support hepatitis C elimination efforts.
The implementation of nutritional strategies targeting several variables at once could benefit patients with cirrhosis. Non-alcoholic beer has different compounds that exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and nutritional properties.

To evaluate the effect of diet + exercise and non-alcoholic beer on nutritional status, endothelial function and quality of life in patients with cirrhosis.

In this randomized open clinical trial, patients with cirrhosis were randomized into two groups The intervention (non-alcoholic beer + diet + exercise) and control (water + diet + exercise) group. Treatment consisted of 330 mL non-alcoholic beer/day or the same amount of water, plus an individualized dietary plan and an exercise program with a pedometer-based bracelet to reach at least 5000 steps/d and > 2500 above the baseline during 8 wk. Endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation, plethysmography), biochemical and nutritional variables and quality of life (CLDQ) were evaluated.

Forty-three patients were includes improvement in nutritional status, endothelial function, and quality of life. These results need to be further confirmed.
Biliary dilation is frequently related to obstruction; however, non-obstructive factors such as age and previous cholecystectomy have also been reported. In the past two decades there has been a dramatic increase in opiate use/dependence and utilization of cross-sectional abdominal imaging, with increased detection of biliary dilation, particularly in patients who use opiates.

To evaluate associations between opiate use, age, cholecystectomy status, ethnicity, gender, and body mass index utilizing our institution's integrated informatics platform.

One thousand six hundred and eighty-five patients (20% sample) presenting to our Emergency Department for all causes over a 5-year period (2011-2016) who had undergone cross-sectional abdominal imaging and had normal total bilirubin were included and analyzed.

Common bile duct (CBD) diameter was significantly higher in opiate users compared to non-opiate users (8.67 mm
7.24 mm,
< 0.001) and in patients with a history of cholecystectomy compared to trted association of advancing age with increased CBD diameter. Further prospective study is warranted.
Malnutrition in cirrhotic patients is correlated with mortality and a better response to liver transplantation. However, recovery of the nutritional status in these patients is a challenge due to the difficulty in establishing a reliable nutritional diagnosis. The bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) method appears as a feasible tool in clinical practice to define the physiological state of cirrhotic patients by assessing hydration and body cellularity.

To evaluate body composition in cirrhotic patients using BIVA.

This retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out by following cirrhotic outpatients at a hospital in Porto Alegre, Brazil. A tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analysis device was used to evaluate cellularity and hydration and to perform the BIVA. The BIVA graphic was elaborated by software and for statistical analysis a significance level of 5% (
≤ 0.05) was considered.

One hundred and ninety patients, 61.1% males, with a mean age of 56.6 ± 11.0 years, were evaluated. Ormines the disease severity, age and prognostic index.
Ascites is one of the most common complications of cirrhosis, placing a significant burden on the healthcare system. Data regarding the optimal time of paracentesis and outcomes among patients with cirrhosis and ascites are scarce.

To assess the outcomes of patients who underwent paracentesis within 12 h after admission compared to patients who underwent paracentesis later than 12 h.

The study included 185 patients with cirrhosis and ascites who underwent paracentesis. The early paracentesis group was defined as paracentesis performed < 12 h after admission (65 patients) and the delayed paracentesis group was defined as paracentesis performed > 12 h after admission (120 patients). New-onset complications of cirrhosis, length of hospital stay, weekday or weekend admission, in-hospital mortality rate, and 90-d readmission rates were assessed and compared between the groups.

Significantly more patients in the delayed paracentesis group than in the early paracentesis group developed hepatic encephalnd ascites as it is associated with fewer complications of cirrhosis, lower in-hospital mortality and shorter length of stay.
Many studies have investigated the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its predisposing risk factors, but the conclusions from these studies have been conflicting. More challenging is the fact that no effective treatment is currently available for NAFLD.

To determine the effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9) inhibitors on fatty infiltration of the liver.

This retrospective, chart review-based study was conducted on patients, 18-year-old and above, who were currently on PCSK9 inhibitor drug therapy. Patients were excluded from the study according to missing pre- or post-treatment imaging or laboratory values, presence of cirrhosis or rhabdomyolysis, or development of acute liver injury during the PCSK9 inhibitor treatment period; the latter being due to false elevation of liver function markers, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Radiographic improvement was assessed by a single radiologist, who read both the pre- and poan slow down or even completely resolve NAFLD.
PCSK9 inhibitors can slow down or even completely resolve NAFLD.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the most common primitive liver malignancy. A relevant concern involves the lack of agreement on staging systems, prognostic scores, and treatment allocation algorithms.

To compare the survival rates among already developed prognostic scores.

We retrospectively evaluated 140 patients with HCC diagnosed between February 2006 and November 2017. Patients were categorized according to 15 prognostic scoring systems and estimated median survivals were compared with those available from the current medical literature.

The median overall survival of the cohort of patients was 35 (17; 67) mo, and it was statistically different in relation to treatment choice, ultrasound surveillance, and serum alpha-fetoprotein. The Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) tumor staging system performed best in predicting survival according to stage allocation among all 15 evaluated prognostic scores. Using the ITA.LI.CA prognostic system, 28.6%, 40.7%, 22.1%, and 8.6% of patients fell within 23.7% and 13.2% for stage B; and 2%, 0% and 0% for stage C.

Survival analysis shows excellent prognostic ability of the ITA.LI.CA scoring system compared to other staging systems.
Survival analysis shows excellent prognostic ability of the ITA.LI.CA scoring system compared to other staging systems.
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