Notes

Filtering of the dimeric arginine deiminase via Enterococcus faecium GR7 and focus of its anti-cancerous task.
fferential associations with these metabolites.

Circulating choline, carnitine, and DMG were associated with unfavorable cardiometabolic risk profiles, whereas circulating betaine was associated with a favorable cardiometabolic risk profile. Future prospective studies are needed to examine the associations of these metabolites with incident cardiovascular events.
Circulating choline, carnitine, and DMG were associated with unfavorable cardiometabolic risk profiles, whereas circulating betaine was associated with a favorable cardiometabolic risk profile. Future prospective studies are needed to examine the associations of these metabolites with incident cardiovascular events.Objective. Multi-channel bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) systems typically sample each channel's impedance sequentially using multiplexers and a single analog-to-digital converter. These systems may lose their real-time capability with an increasing number of channels, especially for low excitation frequencies. We propose a new method, called orthogonal baseband shifting (OBS), for high-speed parallel BIS data acquisition at multiple excitation frequencies with low hardware and computational effort.Approach. Similar to orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, used for digital data transmission, OBS systems use channel-specific orthogonal carrier frequencies to modulate the voltage response of the tissue. Given a suitable choice of carrier frequencies, the modulated signals of all channels sum up without loss of information and cross-talk. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the summed signal reveals a spectrum of non-overlapping, interleaved BIS data from which the corresponding BIS data of each channel caom highly reduced hardware effort. The outstanding performance of OBS measurements with the AixBIS system have the potential forin vivoBIS measurements in real-time.The trailing-edge serration that imitates the silent owl wing is used as a flow control method to suppress the aerodynamic noise generated from the rotating wind turbine blade. Recent studies have found that the addition of serrations could degrade the overall aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. To this end, an optimal design method for airfoils with the trailing-edge serration is developed. Combined with the modeling methods of aerodynamics for serrations, the fundamental parameters of serrations are integrated into the optimal design of wind turbine airfoils. Specifically, based on the existing multidisciplinary optimization method for airfoils, the aerodynamic prediction and evaluation module for the serrated airfoil was introduced to develop an aerodynamic-structural optimal design platform. In this way, a novel serrated airfoil equipped with high aerodynamic performance can be designed. Compared with the reference airfoil, the maximum lift-to-drag ratio and lift coefficient of the optimal serrated airfoil at the design point have been increased by 1.9% and 32.5%, while the aerodynamic noise could also be reduced. Finally, experiments were conducted in an anechoic chamber to verify the noise-reduction level of the optimal serrated airfoil, which sufficiently demonstrate the capability to improve the comprehensive performance of the airfoil using such a developed optimal scheme.We demonstrate reversible and switchable actuation using AC electric fields to bring two surfaces separated by a thin film of ionic fluid in and out of adhesive contact. Using a surface force balance we apply electric fields normal to a crossed-cylinder contact and measure directly the adhesive force and surface separation with sub-molecular resolution. Taking advantage of the oscillatory structural force acting between the surfaces across the fluid, which we show to be unaffected by the AC field, we pick between the distinct (quantized) adhesive states through precise tuning of the field. This proof-of-concept indicates exquisite control of surface interactions using an external field.Equilibrium statistical mechanics rests on the assumption of ergodic dynamics of a system modulo the conservation laws of local observables extremization of entropy immediately gives Gibbs' ensemble (GE) for energy conserving systems and a generalized version of it (GGE) when the number of local conserved quantities (LCQ) is more than one. Through the last decade, statistical mechanics has been extended to describe the late-time behavior of periodically driven (Floquet) quantum matter starting from a generic state. The structure built on the fundamental assumptions of ergodicity and identification of the relevant ``conservation laws" in this inherently non-equilibrium setting. More recently, it has been shown that the statistical mechanics has a much richer structure due to the existence of it emergent conservation laws these are approximate but stable conservation laws arising it due to the drive, and are not present in the undriven system. Extensive numerical and analytical results support the perpetual stability of these emergent (though approximate) conservation laws, probably even in the thermodynamic limit. This banks on the recent finding of a sharp ergodicity threshold for Floquet thermalization in clean, interacting non-integrable Floquet systems. This opens up a new possibility of stable Floquet engineering in such systems. This review intends to give a theoretical overview of these developments. We conclude by briefly surveying the experimental scenario.The toxicity towards viruses of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been reported to be dependent on several factors such as particle concentration, size, and shape. Although these factors may indeed contribute to the toxicity of AgNPs, the results presented in this work demonstrate that surface chemistry and especially surface charge is a crucial factor governing their antiviral activity. Here, this work investigated the influence of capping agents representing various surface charges ranging from negative to positive. These AgNPs were capped with citrate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) and (branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI). We show that AgNPs exhibited surface charge-dependent toxicity towards MS2 bacteriophages. Among the capping agents under investigation, BPEI capped AgNPs (Ag/BPEI) exhibited the highest reduction of MS2 resulting in ≥6 log10-units reductions, followed by 4-5 log10-units reductions with PVP and PEG capping's and 3-4 log10-units with MAA and citrate cappings. Bare nanoparticles reported a mere 1-2 log10-units reduction. Electrostatic interaction between the positively charged BPEI-coating and the negatively charged virus surface played a significant role in bringing the MS2 closer to toxic silver ions (Ag+). Further results obtained from TEM showed that Ag/BPEI nanoparticles could directly damage the structure of the MS2 bacteriophages. AgNPs and cationic capping agents' observed synergy can lead to much lower and much more efficient dosing of AgNPs for antiviral applications.We propose a novel prompt-gamma (PG) imaging modality for real-time monitoring in proton therapy PG time imaging (PGTI). By measuring the time-of-flight (TOF) between a beam monitor and a PG detector, our goal is to reconstruct the PG vertex distribution in 3D. In this paper, a dedicated, non-iterative reconstruction strategy is proposed (PGTI reconstruction). Here, it was resolved under a 1D approximation to measure a proton range shift along the beam direction. In order to show the potential of PGTI in the transverse plane, a second method, based on the calculation of the centre of gravity (COG) of the TIARA pixel detectors' counts was also explored. The feasibility of PGTI was evaluated in two different scenarios. Under the assumption of a 100 ps (rms) time resolution (achievable in single proton regime), MC simulations showed that a millimetric proton range shift is detectable at 2σwith 108incident protons in simplified simulation settings. With the same proton statistics, a potential 2 mm sensitivity (at 2σwith 108incident protons) to beam displacements in the transverse plane was found using the COG method. This level of precision would allow to act in real-time if the treatment does not conform to the treatment plan. A worst case scenario of a 1 ns (rms) TOF resolution was also considered to demonstrate that a degraded timing information can be compensated by increasing the acquisition statistics in this case, a 2 mm range shift would be detectable at 2σwith 109incident protons. By showing the feasibility of a time-based algorithm for the reconstruction of the PG vertex distribution for a simplified anatomy, this work poses a theoretical basis for the future development of a PG imaging detector based on the measurement of particle TOF.The development of modern micro-processing technology has led to the design and production of sub-millimeter-sized coils. A novel type of micro-magnetic stimulation (μMS) regulatory technology has widely been researched in recent years. This technology has several advantages, including small size, no contact between tissues and the metal coil, and high spatial resolution. Considering some problems with theμMS control technology in practical applications, different kinds ofμMS devices have been developed, including anin vitrosingle-pointμMS device, anin vivoimplantable single-pointμMs device, a discrete-arrayμMS device, and anin vivoimplantable-arrayμMs device. Given the problems that currently exist in the design and implementation of this device, such as the key problems of structural design, implantation method, experimental safety, and reliability of the device, we review the development process in detail. We also discuss the precise targeting advantage of this device, which is likely to be of great significance for wide-ranging applications of magnetic stimulation technology.The objective of this study was to imitate undulatory motion, which is a commonly observed swimming mechanism of rays, using a soft morphing actuator. selleck To achieve the undulatory motion, an artificial muscle built with shape memory alloy (SMA) based soft actuators was exploited to control the shape changing behavior of a soft fin membrane. Artificial undulating fins were divided into two categories according to the method of generating the wave motion single and multiple actuator-driven fins. For empirical research on the transformation and propulsion behavior of each fin type, the design and construction of bound propulsors were undertaken to mimic the structural and behavioral aspects of animals. To visualize the effect of undulatory motion on the swimming efficiency test of the fin beat frequency, a simplified soft undulating fin with a rectangular propulsor was constructed and tested. Additionally, dynamic modeling of the fin tip in wave-traveling was conducted for comparison and optimization. To optimize the thrust and propulsion efficiency of robot speed, the effects of the wave amplitude control and actuator sequence on the fin behavior were examined. Untethered robots was constructed according to the experimental results of the propulsors. Both exhibited exceptional swimming efficiency and maneuverability. The multiple actuator-driven ray robot exhibited a maximum swimming speed of 0.25 body lengths per second which is almost similar swimming speed with previously reported robot. The developed robot achieved directional swimming (forward and backward) and turning (including rotation). Underwater exploration in an artificial environment was performed using the robot.
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