Notes

Buying under threat: Adjustments to purchasing patterns through the COVID-19 widespread.
The ANOVA; p<0.05 showed significant difference between the muscles, concerning SW (p=0.0002).

Our results show that the three Pilates exercises could recruit all the muscles, with a moderate activity intensity.
Our results show that the three Pilates exercises could recruit all the muscles, with a moderate activity intensity.
Recent evidence suggests that knee osteoarthritis (KOA) chronic pain can result in brain structural and organizational changes. Thus, patients' pain level, emotional status, and perception of their condition might be negatively altered. An approach to reverse such adaptations to chronic pain is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Combining CBT with exercise might enhance therapy outcomes.

To identify the effect of combining exercise and CBT when delivered by a physical therapist in KOA pain.

A systematic search in PubMed, Cochrane, and Medline Complete (EBSCO) databases was conducted from their inception to March 2020, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Study risk of bias and quality were assessed through the Risk-of-bias 2 (ROB2) and PEDro scales.

Six primary studies met eligibility criteria. All studies had a low risk of bias and were divided into two sub-groups, in-person interventions and distance interventions. Both groups of studies showed within group participant improvements. In regards of WOMAC pain subscale, our meta-analysis revealed an overall deduction of-1.42 (95% CI-1.76,-1.09; I
=58%),-1.62 (95% CI-1.97,-1.27; I
=0%) in centre-based intervention, and-1.28 (95% CI-1.75,-0.81; I
=73%) in distance delivered intervention.

Combining exercise and CBT seems to be an effective method to reduce KOA pain, although it is based on a small number of studies. Further studies are needed to reveal any differences when each intervention is applied separately.
Combining exercise and CBT seems to be an effective method to reduce KOA pain, although it is based on a small number of studies. Further studies are needed to reveal any differences when each intervention is applied separately.
There is little evidence about the myofascial release maneuver (MLM) targeting the fascial tissue and its effect on postural balance. This study investigated the immediate effects of the MLM in different lower limb muscle chains on the postural sway of healthy men.

Sixty-three healthy men (27.2±4.7 years) were randomly assigned to 7 groups (n=9 each) to receive MLM applied to the lower limb muscle chains (anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, anterior/posterior, and medial/lateral) or placebo intervention. Skin pressure during the 3-min MLM was determined by the visual analog scale between 5 and 7 as previously assessed on participants. Posturography analysis of the elliptical area (Area) and average velocity (Vavg) of the center-of-pressure displacement was performed before and immediately after the MLM in single-leg support and with eyes closed.

A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed no interaction effect of factors group and time (Area p=0.210, ω
=0.004; Vavg p=0.358, ω
<0.001). Within-factor main effect of time was observed for both Area (p<0.001, ω
=0.038) and Vavg (p<0.001, ω
=0.028), with decreased Area and Vavg after all interventions. No between-factor main effect of group was observed for Area or Vavg (MLM or placebo, p=0.188 or higher).

MLM applied to the lower limb muscle chains showed no immediate specific effects on postural sway in healthy men. Pre-post effects of MLM were not different from those elicited by a superficial massage. MLM in lower limb muscle chains is not advocated for an immediate improvement of postural balance in this population.
MLM applied to the lower limb muscle chains showed no immediate specific effects on postural sway in healthy men. Pre-post effects of MLM were not different from those elicited by a superficial massage. MLM in lower limb muscle chains is not advocated for an immediate improvement of postural balance in this population.
Adhesive Capsulitis (AC) is a common disabling musculoskeletal pain condition of unknown etiology related to the shoulder joint. Literature reported the restricted range of motion (ROM) and pain could be the result of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the muscles of the shoulder girdle. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the short-term effectiveness of MTrP dry needling (DN) in improving ROM, pain, pressure pain threshold (PPT), and physical disability among patients having AC.

In a single group pre-post experimental study design, a total of 70 clinically diagnosed patients (both male & female, age group between 40 and 65 years) with AC were recruited from three multi-specialty hospitals. The informed consent forms were received from each patient before participating in the study. Each patient received DN for the MTrPs of shoulder girdle muscles for alternative six days. In addition to DN, each patient had received conventional physiotherapy for continuous twelve days which includes electrotherapy modalities and exercises. The pain intensity (visual analog scale), shoulder ROM (Goniometer), disability (shoulder pain and disability index) and PPT (Algometer) were the outcome measures assessed at the baseline and twelfth day of the intervention.

There was a statistically significant (p<0.05) improvement in shoulder ROM, pain intensity, shoulder disability, and PPT at the end of the twelve days of intervention as compared to baseline assessment.

MTrPs-DN techniques may improve the pain, ROM, disability and PPT along with conventional physiotherapy management among patients with AC.
MTrPs-DN techniques may improve the pain, ROM, disability and PPT along with conventional physiotherapy management among patients with AC.
Evaluate the effects of Myofascial release (MR) on lower limb ROM, sit and reach and horizontal jump distance in male university students.

Quasi-experimental study.

MR is a technique that aims to stretch fascia to increase range of motion (ROM), relieve pressure points and improve performance. However, there is limited evidence of its actual effects on flexibility and physical performance.

Twenty-one uninjured, male university students received MR (11 on the first session and the other 10 on the second session 24h later), completed lower limb ROM assessments, the sit and reach and the horizontal jump tests in a randomized order. MR was performed before the tests with a myofascial stick in the anterior and posterior aspects of the right and left thigh and calf muscles. Each muscle group was massaged for 90s, totaling 9min of MR. The testing conditions with MR and without MR were compared using Student t-tests and the effect sizes (ES) were calculated.

There were no significant differences between the testing conditions on horizontal jump distance. However, the sit and reach distance (28±9 vs. 32±9cm, p=0.001; ES=0.44), left hip extension (10±2 vs. 8±2°, p=0.006; ES=1.00) and left plantar flexion (36±7 vs. 39±7°, p=0.044; ES=0.43) were higher with MR.

MR increased sit and reach distance, left hip extension and plantar flexion, but it did not affect horizontal jump distance in uninjured, male university students.
MR increased sit and reach distance, left hip extension and plantar flexion, but it did not affect horizontal jump distance in uninjured, male university students.
to investigate the accuracy of the step test (ST) to evaluate total lower limb muscle strength (LLMS) in older women.

observational cross-sectional study.

119 community-dwelling older women were submitted to the ST and LLMS evaluation (isometric peak torque of eight muscle groups of the dominant lower limb). The capacity of the ST to discriminate older women with reduced LLMS was measured using ROC curve, followed by the posttest probability (PoTP) calculation.

a ST score of 0.24cm per cm of participant's height presents a sensitivity of 63.3%, specificity of 77%; enhances the PoTP from 48% to 72% for positive test and decreases the PoTP from 48% to 31% for negative test.

the ST may complement the clinical screening of reduced LLMS in older women, given that it is a simple and quick low-cost test and allows the evaluation of each lower limb separately.
the ST may complement the clinical screening of reduced LLMS in older women, given that it is a simple and quick low-cost test and allows the evaluation of each lower limb separately.
The performance of Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) fighters is dependent on rapid and maximal elbow strength actions. Appropriate strength balance between elbow flexors (F) and extensors (E) across the full joint range of motion may be required to decrease risk of injuries.

To compare rapid and maximal elbow F/E strength balance through full range of motion in BJJ fighters.

Twenty-three male BJJ fighters (27.9±4.6 years, 82.9±10.9kg, 174.5±6.8cm, and 15.3±6.8% body fat) with 8.2±6.5 years of practice volunteered to participate. Participants were tested for rate of torque development (RTD) and peak torque (PT) of elbow F and E at six angles (45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 105°, and 120°; 0°=full extension). Rapid (F RTD/E RTD) and maximal (F PT/E PT) angle-specific torque (AST) ratios were calculated.

Rapid AST ratio at 45° (0.66±0.18) and maximal AST ratio at 45° (0.91±0.16) and 120° (0.88±0.20) were significantly less than all other AST ratios at mid-point angles of elbow range of motion (p<0.05). Individual data demonstrates that both beginners and advanced BJJ fighters present overall similar rapid and maximal F/E AST imbalances.

BJJ fighters present greater rapid and maximal strength imbalances at extreme-compared to mid-point angles of range of motion. Results may benefit coaches to develop strength exercises focusing on these specific angles to potentially reduce the risk of elbow injury and improve performance of BJJ fighters.
BJJ fighters present greater rapid and maximal strength imbalances at extreme-compared to mid-point angles of range of motion. Results may benefit coaches to develop strength exercises focusing on these specific angles to potentially reduce the risk of elbow injury and improve performance of BJJ fighters.
and purpose Interval exercise causes a positive impact on health status. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of a feasible and low-cost interval exercise on blood pressure and glycemic responses in people with controlled systemic arterial hypertension.

Thirteen women with hypertension (HG; age 60.2±2.8 years) and 11 without hypertension (CG; age 54.4±3.8 years) were recruited. buy GSK1838705A Groups performed one session of interval exercise with elastic resistance (10 series of 11min/effortrest).

There were slight reductions of absolute systolic blood pressure values for HG at 10, 30, and 60min (4, 9, and 8mmHg, respectively) at post-compared to pre-exercise. Glycemia was reduced (respectively, 17.6%, 17.6%, 19.4%, and 23.1%; p<0.05) at pre-exercise vs. 0 min and 10, 30, and 60min post-exercise for the HG.

A single session of a feasible and low-cost interval exercise modifies and promotes significant clinical effects in blood pressure and glycemic levels in female older adults with and without hypertension.
A single session of a feasible and low-cost interval exercise modifies and promotes significant clinical effects in blood pressure and glycemic levels in female older adults with and without hypertension.
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