Notes

Sarilumab (IL-6R villain) inside critically ill sufferers along with cytokine discharge syndrome simply by SARS-CoV2.
To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on epidural-related maternal fever in parturients undergoing epidural labor analgesia.

A total of 198 primiparas with single birth, full-term pregnancy and head position were recruited and randomized into a TEAS group (98 cases) and a control group (100 cases). In the TEAS group, after epidural labor analgesia, TEAS was applied to bilateral Hegu (LI4) and Quchi (LI11), once an hour, for 30 min each time, till the end of childbirth. In the control group, after epidural labor analgesia, TEAS electrodes were attached to the same acupoints, but without electric stimulation. Maternal tympanic temperature and the score of Visual Analogue Score (VAS) were measured before analgesia, at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h after analgesia and during labor respectively and maternal fever rate was evaluated in the parturients of two groups. Separately, before analgesia, 2 h after analgesia and during labor, the levels of serum interp was lower than that in the control group (
<0.05). The differences were not statistical in VAS score, duration of labor, mode of labor, oxytocin dosage, postpartum hemorrhage, time of labor analgesia and neonatal Apgar score, as well as the incidence of urine retention, nausea and vomiting and urinary retention between two groups (
>0.05).

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation at LI11 and LI4 is conductive to relieving epidural-rela-ted maternal fever and reducing serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in the parturients undergoing epidural labor analgesia. It is safe and effective in clinical application.
Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation at LI11 and LI4 is conductive to relieving epidural-rela-ted maternal fever and reducing serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in the parturients undergoing epidural labor analgesia. It is safe and effective in clinical application.
To observe the effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on the depressive behavior in depression rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of depression.

A total of 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal, depression model, taVNS, tnVNS (transcutaneous auricular none-vagus nerve stimulaton) groups (
=6 in each group). The depression model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stimulation combined with solitary raising for 35 consecutive days. After 14 days modeling, transcutaneous electrostimulation (2 mA, 2 Hz/15 Hz) was applied to auricular concha or auricular margin, respectively. Each intervention was conducted for 30 minutes, once daily for 21 days. The depression-like behavior was evaluated by forced swimming immobility time and body weight. find more The expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) protein in the prefrontal cortex were detected by Western blot.

Following modeling, the increase amount of body weight was decreased, the forced swimming immobility time and expression TLR4, MyD88 and IL-18 protein in the prefrontal cortex were increased in the model group than those in the normal group (
<0.01). Following the treatment and compared with the model group, the increase amount of body weight in the taVNS group was obviously increased (
<0.05), the swimming immobility time and the expression of TLR4, MyD88, IL-18 protein in the taVNS and tnVNS groups were significantly decreased (
<0.01).

TaVNS is able to improve depression in depression rats, which is probably related to its effect in inhibiting inflammatory response of TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in prefrontal cortex.
TaVNS is able to improve depression in depression rats, which is probably related to its effect in inhibiting inflammatory response of TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in prefrontal cortex.
To investigate the effect of moxibustion on wound healing, new capillaries and tissue repair in rats with full thickness skin excision.

SD rats were randomly divided into control, moxa-fumigating and moxa-heating groups, with 24 rats in each group. The full-thickness skin excision injury model was replicated according to Balaji's and colleague's methods. Rats in the moxa-fumigating group received fumigation of moxa-smog at the wound surface (25 min/time) immediately after modeling through a smoke-heat separation device, and those of the moxa-heating group received conventional thermal stimulation of the ignited moxa over the wound (25 min/time) without moxa smog, once a day for 10 consecutive days. The wound color, pus, carrion, granulation, and healing status of the rats were observed. H.E. staining and Masson staining were used to observe the local tissues and collagen fibers of the wound on the 3rd and 7th days. Newly born capillaries at the wound surface were observed on the 10th day.

Following mode moxa-fumigating and moxa-heating groups (
<0.05,
<0.001,
<0.01), and were notably higher in the moxa-fumigating group than in the moxa-heating group (
<0.01,
<0.05).

Both fumigation and heating of moxibustion can promote wound healing in rats with full-thickness skin excision injury，which may be related to their effects in controlling the inflammatory response and promoting the production of collagen fibers, granulation tissue and capillaries.
Both fumigation and heating of moxibustion can promote wound healing in rats with full-thickness skin excision injury，which may be related to their effects in controlling the inflammatory response and promoting the production of collagen fibers, granulation tissue and capillaries.
To observe the influence of electroacupuncture(EA) combined with aconitine on the hemodyna-mics, echocardiogram, and arrhythmias in heart failure rats, so as to explore the facilitation and attenuation effects of EA combined with aconitine.

SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, aconitine and aconitine+EA groups, with 6 rats in each group. Propranolol hydrochloride was used to establish the heart failure model. Rats in the aconitine group were trea-ted with aconitine continuously for 1 h (40 μg/kg). Rats in the aconitine +EA group were given the same treatment as the aconitine group, meanwhile, EA (3 mA, 2 Hz/15 Hz) was applied at "Neiguan"(PC6) for 30 min. Left ventricular catheter and small animal ultrasound imaging system were used to observe the heart hemodynamic indexes such as left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP), maximal rate for left ventricular pressure rising (+dp/dt
), and maximal rate for left ventricular pressure declining (-dp/dt
), ejection fraction (EF) and fractional sho of arrhythmia was 100% in the aconitine group, and 50.0% in the rats of aconitine + EA group. The arrhythmia score of aconitine + EA group was significantly lower than that of aconitine group (
<0.05).

Aconitine has a certain inotropic effect, but it is easy to cause arrhythmia. The combination of EA and aconitine can not only improve the contractile function of the heart in rats with heart failure, but also reduce the toxic reaction of aconitine.
Aconitine has a certain inotropic effect, but it is easy to cause arrhythmia. The combination of EA and aconitine can not only improve the contractile function of the heart in rats with heart failure, but also reduce the toxic reaction of aconitine.
To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on pain behaviors and expression of spinal dorsal horn melatonin receptor 2 (MT2) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in neuropathic pain rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying pain relief.

The present study includes 3 parts. In the first part, eighteen male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups sham operation, model and EA groups, with 6 rats in each group. The neuropathic pain model was established by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the right sciatic nerve. On the 7th day following modeling, EA was applied to the right "Zusanli" (ST36) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP6) (1 mA,2 Hz/100 Hz) for 30 min. The mechanical pain threshold(MWT) and thermal pain thre-shold(TPT) of the affected limb were detected before modeling, 7 days following modeling and 60 min after EA. The expression of MT2 in spinal dorsal horn was detected by Western blot. The contents of melatonin （Mel） and IL-17 in the spinal dorsal horn were determined by ELISA. The expression of glial pain in CCI rats, which is closely related to its effect in inhibiting the release of IL-17 from astrocytes mediated by MT2.
EA of ST36 and SP6 can alleviate neuropathic pain in CCI rats, which is closely related to its effect in inhibiting the release of IL-17 from astrocytes mediated by MT2.
To observe the histological and ultrastructural changes of the otopoint "Stomach" (MA-IC) area in chronic gastritis rabbits so as to provide a foundation for auricular acupoint diagnosis and treatment.

A total of 20 New Zealand rabbits (half male and half female) were randomly and equally divided into control and model groups. The chronic gastritis model was established by gavage of 5% sodium salicylate each day for 5 weeks, while the rabbits of the control group received gavage of clear water at the same volume. Morphological changes of the tissues of gastric mucosa, otopoint "Stomach" and auricular control point were observed under light microscope after staining with hematoxylin-eosin (H.E.), and given scores (0-3 points) according to the levels of inflammatory cells. The ultrastructural changes of the otopoint "Stomach" tissue were observed under transmission electronic microscope (TEM).

H.E. staining revealed smoothness of the gastric smooth muscle with no or a few of inflammatory cells in the conttivation of the dermal fibroblasts, and an increase of the myelinated nerve mitochondria in the "Stomach" region in the model group.

The otopoint "Stomach" tissue has structural damage and hyperplasia in chronic gastritis rabbits, suggesting a special correlation between the otopoint "Stomach" and gastric tissue, hence, providing a morphological basis for otopoint diagnosis and treatment.
The otopoint "Stomach" tissue has structural damage and hyperplasia in chronic gastritis rabbits, suggesting a special correlation between the otopoint "Stomach" and gastric tissue, hence, providing a morphological basis for otopoint diagnosis and treatment.
To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) at "Zusanli"(ST36), "Yinlingquan" (SP9) or "Yingu"(KI10) on the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine type 7 receptor (5-HT7R) in the gastric antrum and colon tissues in functional diarrhea (FD) model rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improving FD.

Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, ST36, SP9 and KI10 groups，with 8 rats in each group. The FD model was established by combined administration of restriction (four-limbs' banding) + abdominal cold stimulation + feeding every other day, for 14 days. EA (2 Hz, 0.5 mA) was applied to bilateral ST36 or bilateral SP9 or bilateral KI10 in the 3 corresponding groups for 30 min, once a day for 7 days after successful modeling. Rats of the control group received restriction only. The fecal water content was calculated and the stool form score was given according to the Bristol's methods. The gastric residual rate (GRR) and small intestine propulsion rate (SIPR) were determined to assess the motility of the gastrointestinal tract.
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