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The increase in the prolific potential will have a direct effect on increasing maize productivity. In general, the use of legowo lines and Eco-farming (biofertilizer) can increase prolific potential and productivity. <b>Conclusion</b> According to this research, the prolific potential is highly dynamic which is determined by genetic potential, cultivation technology and genetic-cultivation interaction. Selleckchem 3-MA Technology considered in increasing maize productivity is Legowo plant spacing (50+100)×20 cm combined with NPK = 20010050+KNO₃ 25 kg ha¹+Eco farming 5 cc L¹. This technique combination is recommended in maize productivity increase.Wheat Germ Oil (WGO), the flour-milling by-product of wheat has essential constituents for skin health care as vitamin E, B-complex, squalene and unsaturated fatty acids. Incorporate WGO into polymers of the cream and ointment bases and evaluate the wound healing potential of these WGO formulations in the rat-animal model. <b>Materials and Methods</b> WGO creams and ointments were prepared in two concentrations, 10 and 20% and evaluated for storage stability, homogeneity and compatibility using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry. An amount of 0.5 g of the WGO formulations was applied daily to the injured area of the rats back. Wounds were observed for any clinical changes and healing compared to the control animal group. <b>Results</b> The WGO was compatible with the cream and ointment bases and physically stables over 60 days of storage. The formulations of WGO have induced dose-dependent wound healing properties however the ointment formulations were demonstrating wound healing activity significantly better than the creams at all the intervals of the treatment. Within three weeks, 20% WGO ointment has induced a 90%reduction in the wound size diameter. Also, wounds recovered by 50% in 10 and 14 days of treatment with 20% WGO ointment and cream, respectively. <b>Conclusion</b> The results revealed that WGO is a potential wound-healing agent from the scope that WGO is a common cosmetic ingredient and available at affordable prices.<b>Background and Objective</b> Laccase is one of the ligninolytic enzymes classified as a multicopper oxidoreductase group that has the ability in oxidizing phenolic compounds and has widespread use in both food and non-food industries. This enzyme is extracellularly secreted by white-rot fungi, <i>Trametes versicolor</i> (L.) Lloyd in the media containing lignocellulose, for example, kapok banana peels and sawdust. The objective of this study was to evaluate lignocellulosic substrate that able to produce the highest activity of the laccase from the <i>T. versicolor </i>(L.) Lloyd. <b>Materials and Methods</b> Three substrate variations used in this work included the cultivation media with the addition of either kapok banana peels or sawdust and without using both materials. The inducer (CuSO₄) was added to each substrate variation and the laccase activity was subsequently measured. <b>Results</b> The qualitative test result for laccase detection showed that <i>T. versicolor </i>(L.) Lloyd<i> </i>was able to produce this enzyme indicated with a reddish-brown surrounding fungal colony. The fungi cultivated in media with the content of sawdust and 1 mM CuSO₄ yielded the highest laccase activity, reaching 573.6 U L¹ with an OD value of 0.5567<i> </i>and a pH of 5.3 after 7 days of incubation. Meanwhile, the addition of kepok banana peels and 1 mM CuSO₄, showed the maximum laccase activity (297.7 U L¹) with the OD value of 0.6932 and a pH of 5 after incubation for 6 days. <b>Conclusion</b> The white-rot fungi of <i>T. versicolor</i> (L.) Lloyd<i> </i>could produce optimal laccase activity by adding sawdust substrate and 1 mM CuSO₄inducer on submerged fermentation.<b>Background and Objective</b> Control of the stored date insects by an eco-friendly method is essential to maintain the fruit for prolonged periods, especially that dates are eaten fresh. The search for a safe method, as an alternative to commonly used chemical pesticides, is needed. The objective is to investigate CO₂ enriched atmosphere on the Mortality Percentage (MP) of the Saw-toothed grain beetle, <i>O. surinamensis</i>, life stages with special emphasis on reducing damage to stored dates. <b>Materials and Methods</b> The effect of high levels of CO₂ as an alternative control method against the Saw-toothed grain beetle, <i>Oryzaephilus surinamensis</i> L., at different life stages was studied on infested 'Saqie' dates. Four CO₂ pressures (25, 50, 75 and 90 kPa, balance is nitrogen) were tested for 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs intervals. The response of different life stages of <iefore the packaging process to prevent further infestation in the final packages.<b>Background and Objective</b> Detection of methicillin-resistant<i> S. aureus</i> have become a challenge in the presence of oxacillin-susceptible and <i>mecA</i>-positive <i>S. aureus </i>(OS-MRSA), concerning the misidentification events and therapeutic implications. This study aims to identify the OS-MRSA in clinical isolates of Post-viral acute rhinosinusitis, which, hopefully, can interfere with the therapeutic strategy. <b>Materials and Methods</b> There were 60 patients diagnosed with Post-viral acute rhinosinusitis, recruited from an Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) outpatient clinic. <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolates were identified from the culture and were then tested for antibiotics susceptibility using a Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test. The <i>mecA</i>, <i>mecC</i> and <i>blaZ</i> genes were determined using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. <b>Results</b> <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>was identified in 20 of the 60 samples from the patients (33.3%; 95% CI 21.0-45.6). Of the 20 isolates, 19 isolates (95%) had a positive <i>mecA</i> gene, 19 (95%) had a positive <i>mecC</i> gene and 20 (100.0%) had a positive <i>blaZ </i>gene. link2 The majority of the <i>mecA</i>-positive <i>S. aureus</i> showed an oxacillin-susceptible (85%) and 3 isolates (15.0%) were oxacillin-resistant toward the <i>S. aureus</i>. <b>Conclusion</b> There was a high proportion of Oxacillin/cefoxitin-Susceptible <i>mecA</i>-positive <i>S. aureus</i> in the study population that indicate phenotypic susceptibility to antibiotics does not always indicate the absence of genes that carry resistant traits, thus allowing misidentification if the only phenotypic examination is carried out.<b>Background and Objective</b> Rhizobia are bacteria including genes codes for enzymes involved in the fixing of the atmospheric nitrogen. A set of twenty rhizobial isolates were studied to determine their morphological, biochemical, molecular characteristics using the 16S rRNA gene in addition to assess their growth and symbiotic performance. <b>Materials and Methods</b> Rhizobial isolates were isolated from root nodules of <i>Vicia faba </i>L. plants. The isolates were morphologically characterized by determining cell shapes, size, Gram stain reaction, motility, sporulation, bacterial growth performance was determined by IAA production and biomass density. Symbiotic performance was measured by evaluation of nodulation status and shoot/root dry weight. Sequencing of 16S rRNA and phylogenetic analysis were done for the five promising isolates. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-sample Student t-test. <b>Results</b> Only five rhizobial isolates (Rh 32, Rh 6-A, Rh 3-4, Rh RL3 and Rh 8-A) were selected according to their growth and symbiotic performance and subjected to further molecular characterizations. All isolates were found to have remarkable nodulation status, IAA production, nitrogenase activity and increasing the root and shoot dry weight. The five selected rhizobial isolates were identified by partial sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and registered in the GenBank database. The alignment and phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA sequences closely related in the GenBank revealed that all isolates belonging to <i>Rhizobium leguminosarum</i> bv. viciae. <b>Conclusion</b> The results confirmed that the five Rhizobial strains will be promising as a source of genes for nitrogen fixation and plant growth promotion.<b>Background and Objective</b> Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), also known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), became a global health issue that influenced the lives of billions of people all over the world. The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical findings and routine laboratory evaluations of COVID-19 patients in both average- and high-altitude settings in Saudi Arabia. <b>Materials and Methods</b> A comparative study to explore the clinical characteristics and Laboratory tests results of COVID-19 patients at both high and average altitudes in Saudi Arabia has been conducted. The study included a total number of 103 patients (53 patients comprising the high-altitude group living in Taif, Saudi Arabia and 50 patients comprising the average-altitude group living in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia) were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2-positive by PCR test. Clinical characteristics, laboratory test results and symptoms of adult patients were collected and expressed as mean and standard deviation. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software to compare between both groups and significance was considered when the p-value is less than 0.05. link3 <b>Results</b> Approximately 55.3% of the total cases were male with a mean age of 40.16±12.47 years. There were highly statistically significant differences between the groups in age, heart rate (p less then 0.001). There were also statistically significant differences between the groups in temperature, SpO₂, fever, myalgia, shortness of breath and loss of smell and taste. <b>Conclusion</b> The current study provides an understanding of the clinical and laboratory investigations of COVID-19 patients in two regions (high altitude and average altitude) in Saudi Arabia.<b>Background and Objective</b> Antibacterial resistance is one of the top global public health problems. The use of natural substances, which can enhance the antibacterial activity of currently used medications, is a promising alternative to oppose antibacterial resistance. The pharmacological activities of lupinifolin, a prenylated flavanone isolated from stems of <i>Derris reticulata</i> Craib., against growth and biofilm formation of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> have been previously documented. Nonetheless, interactions between lupinifolin and other antibacterial agents have not been determined. This study aimed to investigate the effects of lupinifolin in combinations with some antibacterial agents, specifically ampicillin, cloxacillin or vancomycin, against <i>S. mutans</i>, Methicillin-Sensitive <i>S. aureus</i> (MSSA) and Methicillin-Resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA). <b>Materials and Methods</b> The checkerboard assay was performed to determine the antibacterial activity of lupinifolin plus the testing antibacterial agents.
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